SET domain containing protein 1A

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SET domain containing protein 1A (SETD1A) is a protein that serves as a component of a histone methyltransferase (HMT) complex that produces mono-, di-, and trimethylated histone H3 at the lys4 residue (K4). SETD1A is highly homologous with SETDB1 but has a distinct subnuclear distribution. [1]

Contents

Clinical significance

Mutations of the SETD1A gene can cause neurodevelopmental disorder with speech impairment and dysmorphic facies (NEDSID) discovered in 2021, [2] and early-onset epilepsy with or without developmental delay, first described in 2019. [3]

According to a review published in 2018, mutations of the SETD1A gene may increase the risk of schizophrenia, based on studies available up to that date. [4] A later review from 2024 found that SETD1A mutations been associated with development of schizophrenia at a later age. [5] Loss of function (LoF) variants in SETD1A and epigenetic dysregulations of the gene are therefore thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. [6]

History

The protein was first described in man in 2003 by Wysocka et al. [7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Sugeedha J, Gautam J, Tyagi S (May 2021). "SET1/MLL family of proteins: functions beyond histone methylation". Epigenetics. 16 (5): 469–487. doi:10.1080/15592294.2020.1809873. PMC   8078731 . PMID   32795105.
  2. ↑ Kummeling J, Stremmelaar DE, Raun N, Reijnders MR, Willemsen MH, Ruiterkamp-Versteeg M, Schepens M, Man CC, Gilissen C, Cho MT, McWalter K, Sinnema M, Wheless JW, Simon ME, Genetti CA, Casey AM, Terhal PA, van der Smagt JJ, van Gassen KL, Joset P, Bahr A, Steindl K, Rauch A, Keller E, Raas-Rothschild A, Koolen DA, Agrawal PB, Hoffman TL, Powell-Hamilton NN, Thiffault I, Engleman K, Zhou D, Bodamer O, Hoefele J, Riedhammer KM, Schwaibold EM, Tasic V, Schubert D, Top D, Pfundt R, Higgs MR, Kramer JM, Kleefstra T (June 2021). "Characterization of SETD1A haploinsufficiency in humans and Drosophila defines a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome" (PDF). Molecular Psychiatry. 26 (6): 2013–2024. doi:10.1038/s41380-020-0725-5. PMID   32346159. S2CID   212792900.
  3. ↑ Yu X, Yang L, Li J, Li W, Li D, Wang R, Wu K, Chen W, Zhang Y, Qiu Z, Zhou W (December 2019). "De Novo and Inherited SETD1A Variants in Early-onset Epilepsy". Neuroscience Bulletin. 35 (6): 1045–1057. doi:10.1007/s12264-019-00400-w. PMC   6864154 . PMID   31197650.
  4. ↑ Coelewij L, Curtis D (September 2018). "Mini-review: Update on the genetics of schizophrenia". Annals of Human Genetics. 82 (5): 239–243. doi: 10.1111/ahg.12259 . PMID   29923609. S2CID   49311660.
  5. ↑ Colijn MA, Carrion P, Poirier-Morency G, et al. (2024). "SETD1A variant-associated psychosis: A systematic review of the clinical literature and description of two new cases". Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 129 (110888).
  6. ↑ Singh, Tarjinder et al. “Rare loss-of-function variants in SETD1A are associated with schizophrenia and developmental disorders.” Nature neuroscience vol. 19,4 (2016): 571-7. doi:10.1038/nn.4267
  7. ↑ Wysocka J, Myers MP, Laherty CD, Eisenman RN, Herr W. Human Sin3 deacetylase and trithorax-related Set1/Ash2 histone H3-K4 methyltransferase are tethered together selectively by the cell-proliferation factor HCF-1. Genes Dev. 2003 Apr 1;17(7):896-911. doi: 10.1101/gad.252103. PMID: 12670868; PMCID: PMC196026.


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