Sak K'uk'

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Sak K'uk'
Queen of Palenque
ZacKukProfile.jpg
Sak K'uk' in 615
ReignOctober, 612 – 615
Predecessor K'inich Janaab Pakal (position uncertain) or Ajen Yohl Mat
Successor K'inich Janaab Pakal I
Died(640-09-12)September 12, 640[ citation needed ]
Spouse K'an Mo' Hix
Issue K'inich Janaab Pakal I
Ajen Yohl Mat?
Father K'inich Janaab Pakal
Mother Yohl Ik'nal or unknown
Religion Maya religion

Sak K'uk' [N 1] also known as Muwaan Mat, Lady Sak K'uk' and Lady Beastie, was queen of the Maya city-state of Palenque. She acceded to the throne in October, 612 and ruled until 615. [N 2] [1]

Ajaw

Ajaw or Ahau ('Lord') is a pre-Columbian Maya political title attested from epigraphic inscriptions. It is also the name of the 20th day of the tzolk'in, the Maya divinatory calendar, on which a king's k'atun-ending rituals would fall.

Maya civilization Mesoamerican civilization

The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its logosyllabic script—the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system in pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system. The Maya civilization developed in an area that encompasses southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. This region consists of the northern lowlands encompassing the Yucatán Peninsula, and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, running from the Mexican state of Chiapas, across southern Guatemala and onwards into El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain.

Palenque former city state in Central Amrica in present-day southern Mexico

Palenque, also anciently known as Lakamha, was a Maya city state in southern Mexico that flourished in the 7th century. The Palenque ruins date from ca. 226 BC to ca. AD 799. After its decline, it was absorbed into the jungle of cedar, mahogany, and sapodilla trees, but has since been excavated and restored. It is located near the Usumacinta River in the Mexican state of Chiapas, about 130 km (81 mi) south of Ciudad del Carmen, 150 m (164 yd) above sea level. It averages a humid 26 °C (79 °F) with roughly 2160 mm (85 in) of rain a year.

Contents

Biography

Her father was Janahb Pakal and her mother was Yohl Ik'nal or unknown. [2] As Janaab Pakal seems to have had no male heirs, she ascended to the throne on 19 October 612, a few months after her father's death. After his maturity, her son K'inich Janaab Pakal I succeeded her as ruler on 9.9.2.4.8 5 Lamat 1 Mol. [3] [4] She seems to have continued to wield considerable influence over Palenque in the early decades of her son's reign. For example, Sak K'uk' is recorded on Pakal's sarcophagus lid as the ruler who celebrated the seating of the K'atun on 9.10.0.0.0 (25 January 633 AD). She was probably mother of Ajen Yohl Mat. [5] [6]

Janahb Pakal also known as Janaab Pakal, Pakal I or Pakal the Elder,, was a nobleman and possible ajaw of the Maya city-state of Palenque.

Yohl Iknal Ruler of Palenque

Yohl Ikʻnal, also known as Lady Kan Ik and Lady K'anal Ik'nal, was queen of the Maya city-state of Palenque. She acceded to the throne on December 23, 583, and ruled until her death.

A k'atun is a unit of time in the Maya calendar equal to 20 tuns or 7,200 days, equivalent to 19.713 tropical years. It is the 2nd digit on the normal Maya long count date. For example, in the Maya Long Count date 12.19.13.15.12, the number 19 is the k'atun.

Glyph of Sak K'uk' Sak K'uk'.svg
Glyph of Sak K'uk'

Notes

  1. ↑ The ruler's name, when transcribed is ?-[MUWA:N]MAT.
  2. ↑ These are the dates indicated on the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, Acceded: 9.8.19.7.18 9 Etz'nab 6 Keh.

Sources

  1. ↑ Skidmore, Joel (2010). The Rulers of Palenque (PDF) (Fifth ed.). Mesoweb Publications. p. 67. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  2. ↑ Skidmore, Joel (2010). The Rulers of Palenque (PDF) (Fifth ed.). Mesoweb Publications. pp. 56–57. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  3. ↑ Skidmore 2010, p. 71.
  4. ↑ Martin & Grube 2008, pp. 162-168.
  5. ↑ Skidmore, Joel (2010). The Rulers of Palenque (PDF) (Fifth ed.). Mesoweb Publications. pp. 67–70. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  6. ↑ Martin, Simon; Nikolai Grube (2008). Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya (2nd ed.). London and New York: Thames & Hudson. pp. 159–161. ISBN   9780500287262. OCLC   191753193.
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Janahb Pakal (position uncertain) or Ajen Yohl Mat 		Queen of Palenque
October 19, 612 – 615		Succeeded by
K'inich Janaab Pakal I
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