Salve Regina (Latry)

Salve Regina
	Composition for organ by Olivier Latry
	The Great Organ of Notre-Dame de Paris, where the composer premiered and recorded the piece
Text	Hymn " Salve Regina "
Language	Latin
Performed	9 October 2007: Notre Dame, Paris
Published	by Gérard Billaudot (fr )
Duration	23 minutes
Movements	7
Scoring	Organ ; optional: voice(s);

Last updated February 20, 2019

Salve Regina (Hail Holy Queen, literally: Hail, Queen) is a composition for organ by Olivier Latry, a meditation of the Latin hymn "Salve Regina". Each of the seven movements reflects one line of the hymn which can optionally be sung in chant before the related movement. The work was first performed on 9 October 2007 by the composer at Notre Dame in Paris, recorded there and published by Gérard Billaudot (fr ).

Olivier Latry is a French organist, improviser and Professor of Organ in the Conservatoire de Paris.

A hymn is a type of song, usually religious, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification. The word hymn derives from Greek ὕμνος (hymnos), which means "a song of praise". A writer of hymns is known as a hymnodist. The singing or composition of hymns is called hymnody. Collections of hymns are known as hymnals or hymn books. Hymns may or may not include instrumental accompaniment.

The Salve Regina, also known as the Hail Holy Queen, is a Marian hymn and one of four Marian antiphons sung at different seasons within the Christian liturgical calendar of the Catholic Church. The Salve Regina is traditionally sung at Compline in the time from the Saturday before Trinity Sunday until the Friday before the first Sunday of Advent. The Hail Holy Queen is also the final prayer of the Rosary.

History

Latry, organist at Notre Dame in Paris,^[1] is known as an improviser. He realised the idea of commenting the Gregorian chant of the Marian hymn by organ music first in improvisation in Lawrence at the University of Kansas in 1999^[2] in the final concert of a conference of church music.^[3] The composer performed the work first at the Grand Orgue of Notre Dame on 9 October 2007, with singer Emmanuel Bouquet and the Maîtrise Notre Dame de Paris. It was published by Gérard Billaudot (fr ).^[2] Latry recorded it along with other contemporary compositions related to Mary.^[4] He played the United States premiere at St. Ignatius Loyola in New York City on April 15 2009.^[3]

Gregorian chant is the central tradition of Western plainchant, a form of monophonic, unaccompanied sacred song of the Roman Catholic Church. Gregorian chant developed mainly in western and central Europe during the 9th and 10th centuries, with later additions and redactions. Although popular legend credits Pope Gregory I with inventing Gregorian chant, scholars believe that it arose from a later Carolingian synthesis of Roman chant and Gallican chant.

Marian hymns are Christian songs focused on the Virgin Mary. They are used in both devotional and liturgical services, particularly by the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutheran churches. They are often used in the month of May devotions. Some have also been adopted as Christmas hymns. Marian hymns are not popular among Protestants, as many Protestants see Marian veneration as idolatry. However, the practice is very common among Christians of Catholic traditions, and a key component of the Eastern Orthodox liturgy. There are many more hymns to Mary within the Eastern Orthodox yearly cycle of liturgy than in Roman Catholic liturgy.

The University of Kansas, also referred to as KU, is a public research university with its main campus in Lawrence, Kansas, and several satellite campuses, research and educational centers, medical centers, and classes across the state of Kansas.. Two branch campuses are in the Kansas City metropolitan area on the Kansas side: the university's medical school and hospital in Kansas City, the Edwards Campus in Overland Park, and a hospital and research center in the state's capital of Topeka. There are also educational and research sites in Garden City, Hays, Leavenworth, Parsons, and Topeka, and branches of the medical school in Salina and Wichita. The university is one of the 62 members of the Association of American Universities.

Structure and music

Each of the seven movements reflects one line of the hymn which can optionally be sung in chant before the related movement. The singing can be performed by a female or male soloist, a schola or a children's choir. The movement are contrasting in character.^[2]

I Salve Regina – Avec la liberté du chant grégorien (With the freedom of Gregorian chant)

II Vita dulcedo – Calme (Calm)

III Ad te clamamus – Martelé, sauvage (Hammered, wild)

IV Ad te suspiramus – Sombre, implacable (Dark, relentless)

V Eia ergo – Profond (Profound)

VI Et Jesum – Comme une lente procession (Like a slow procession)

VII O clemens

The work takes about 23 minutes to perform.^[4] Latry expresses the different emotions of the calls to Mary by markings which focus more on the mood than the tempo. Salve Regina (Hail, holy Queen, Mother of Mercy) has the liberty of Gregorian chant. Vita dulcedo (Hail, our life, our sweetness and our hope) is calm. Ad te clamamus (To thee do we cry, poor banished children of Eve) is an exclamation, hammering and wild. Ad te suspiramus (To thee do we send forth our sighs, mourning and weeping in this vale of tears) appears dark and relentless. Eia ergo (Turn then, most gracious advocate, Thine eyes of mercy toward us) is profound. Et Jesum (And after this our exile, show unto us the blessed fruit of thy womb, Jesus) is a slow procession. The last call O clemens (O clement, O loving, O sweet Virgin Mary) has no marking. It ends like bells.^[5] The composer wrote in his program notes for the US premiere of Christians in "moments of deep faith, joy, doubt, incomprehension, despair, rebellion, hope, bliss and beatitude", expressed in the reflections of the invocation to Mary.^[3] The reviewer of a performance on 7 November in St. Bonifatius, Wiesbaden, interpreted by Gabriel Dessauer, described the work as surprisingly retrospect ("erstaunlich rückwärtsgewandt") and noted that it made the listener feel the complete cosmos of humanity, including the cruelty and violence, from which to be freed the prayer requests ("den gesamten Kosmos des Menschlichen nachempfinden ließ, einschließlich der Grausamkeit und Gewalt, aus der in diesem Gebet um Errettung gebeten wird").^[6]

St. Bonifatius in Wiesbaden, Germany, is the central Catholic parish and church in the capital of Hesse. The present building was designed by architect Philipp Hoffmann in Gothic Revival style and built from 1844 to 1849. Twin steeples of 68 m dominate the Luisenplatz. The parish is part of the Diocese of Limburg.

Gabriel Dessauer is a German cantor, concert organist and academic. He has been responsible for the church music at St. Bonifatius, Wiesbaden, from 1981, conducting the Chor von St. Bonifatius. He is an internationally known organ recitalist and was an organ teacher on the faculty of the Hochschule für Musik Mainz. In 1985, he founded the German-English project choir Reger-Chor. He has spoken at international conferences, especially about Max Reger's music.

Related Research Articles

Queen of Heaven is a title given to Mary, mother of Jesus, by Christians mainly of the Roman Catholic Church, and also, to some extent, in Anglicanism and Eastern Orthodoxy. The title is a consequence of the First Council of Ephesus in the fifth century, in which Mary was proclaimed "Theotokos", a title rendered in Latin as Mater Dei, in English "Mother of God".

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After the liturgical reforms of Vatican II, Pope Paul VI presented a 1974 document as a "minimum repertoire of Gregorian chant" which the faithful should learn to sing. In promulgating the booklet, the Congregation for Divine Worship stated that the book would be "extremely useful if the faithful learn the chants contained in the volume, as the Pope and the Congregation for Divine Worship intend."

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"Sacris solemniis" is a hymn written by St. Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) for the Feast of Corpus Christi. The strophe of "Sacris solemniis" that begins with the words "Panis angelicus" has often been set to music separately from the rest of the hymn. Most famously, in 1872 César Franck set this strophe for voice (tenor), harp, cello, and organ, and incorporated it into his Messe à trois voix Opus 12. The hymn expresses the doctrine that the bread and wine are changed into the Body and Blood of Christ. In the Roman Catholic tradition the concept of transubstantiation is presented as an explanation of how this change happens.

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References

↑ "Olivier Latry". Karen McFarlane Artists Inc. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
1 2 3 Olivier Latry / Salve Regina. Universal Edition. 2001.
1 2 3 Ziegler, Scott R. "Salve Regina" (PDF). Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Newark, New Jersey. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
1 2 Bragg, Chris. "Salve Regina". musicweb-international.com. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
↑ 21. Wiesbadener Bachwochen / Vom Himmel auf Erden (in German). Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Gesellschaft Wiesbaden. 2015. p. 15.
↑ Kösterke, Doris (9 November 2015). "150 Chorsänger erarbeiten an einem Tag Aufführung zweier Kompositionen von Gabriel Fauré". Wiesbadener Kurier (in German). Retrieved 10 November 2015.

External links

John Terauds: Olivier Latry dazzles at the organ of Notre-Dame in Paris Musical Toronto 8 August 2013

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[1] "Olivier Latry". Karen McFarlane Artists Inc. Retrieved 10 November 2015.

[Score-2] 1 2 3 Olivier Latry / Salve Regina. Universal Edition. 2001.

[Ziegler-3] 1 2 3 Ziegler, Scott R. "Salve Regina" (PDF). Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Newark, New Jersey. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

[Bragg-4] 1 2 Bragg, Chris. "Salve Regina". musicweb-international.com. Retrieved 12 October 2015.

[Bachwochen-5] 21. Wiesbadener Bachwochen / Vom Himmel auf Erden (in German). Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Gesellschaft Wiesbaden. 2015. p. 15.

[Kösterke-6] Kösterke, Doris (9 November 2015). "150 Chorsänger erarbeiten an einem Tag Aufführung zweier Kompositionen von Gabriel Fauré". Wiesbadener Kurier (in German). Retrieved 10 November 2015.