Sam Mort

Last updated
Sam Mort
Born
Samantha Melise Tuduetso Mort
NationalityBritish
EducationB.A. in English, History and Education University of Stirling
Occupation(s)Chief of Communication, Advocacy and Civic Engagement
Employer Unicef
Known forcurrently working in Afghanistan

Sam Mort (born Samantha Melise Tuduetso Mort) [1] is currently Chief of Communication, Advocacy and Civic Engagement for the UNICEF office in Afghanistan, based in Kabul. [2] Afghanistan is in the midst of a Taliban offensive, where the insurgents have now taken over from the elected government. [3] She previously announced that Unicef had made a historic deal to have girls educated in the Taliban-controlled areas of the country in 2020. [4]

Contents

Career

Born in Botswana to Scottish parents. [5] Mort grew up in the Highlands of Scotland and attended Kingussie High School, and she graduated BA in English, Education and History and Dip.Ed. at University of Stirling [1] in 1994.

Upon graduating, she taught senior school students in Australia [5] and Scotland, at George Heriot's School, Edinburgh from 1996 - 2001; firstly teaching English, [6] then as assistant principal teacher for English and Drama. [7] In 2001, she took up a 2-year role with Voluntary Service Overseas, [5] in Agordat, Eritrea training Primary School English teachers and redesigning the English curriculum. [8]

From 2003 through 2011, Mort served in the Office of Her Majesty Queen Rania Al-Abdullah in Jordan's Royal Hashemite Court as Senior Communications Manager. She was acknowledged for supporting the contribution of the Jordan royal house to the study of Arab Philanthropy by the John D. Gerhart Center for Philanthropy and Engagement at the American University in Cairo. [9]

She then joined UNICEF's Headquarters in New York, as Senior Speechwriter to Executive Director Anthony Lake, a role she held for 5 years. [5] After a brief mission at UNICEF's Office for Relations with EU Institutions in Brussels, Mort worked alongside Dr. Pia Britto, running UNICEF's first global and integrated campaign on early childhood development, Early Moments Matter, between 2016 and 2020.[ citation needed ] and in Burundi [10] Another 6-month mission with UNICEF Viet Nam followed.[ citation needed ]

Role in Unicef Afghanistan

In September 2020, Mort took up her current role as Chief of Communication, Advocacy and Civic Engagement in UNICEF's Office in Afghanistan. Furthermore, during the female ban, Mort had difficulty agreeing to the one UN approach and actively worked against its implementation.

COVAX project

Mort was involved in the first COVAX project in Afghanistan (a multi-agency WHO led procurement and supply, with logistics via Unicef) with delivery of almost 0.5million COVID-19 AstraZeneca vaccines, which arrived in Kabul in March 2021. [11]

Afghanistan crisis

Although it is a rapidly changing situation since the US troops began to leave the country and the Taliban have taken over regional capitals and now Kabul, Mort was reported (16 Aug 2021) as having been in communications with the Taliban leaders on behalf of the Unicef groups working across Afghanistan and announced that they had been asked to 'pause but remain'. [12] Earlier in August, 136 children (of three provinces) were reported as killed during the fighting between troops and Taliban, and Mort is quoted as saying that  ‘Afghanistan has long been one of the worst places on Earth to be a child but…. in the last 72hours, that's got a lot worse,‘ [13] and in a radio interview, Mort stated that this year (2021), 550 children have been killed and 1,400 children have been injured. [14]

Mort drew media attention to just one example of the 180,000 children fleeing from their homes during the regime change: a young boy (Rafi) whose legs were burned when shrapnel set fire to the blanket he slept in. He is now believed to be in a refugee camp near Kandahar. [15]

Mort reported 0.5million displaced people internally due to the conflict, about 50% of which are children, and drought and harvest failure is likely, leading to child malnutrition. [14] On 22 August 2021, Mort released a press statement from WHO and UNICEF re the lack of use of incoming flight capacity for emergency medicines to the population. [16]

UN and Taliban education agreement

At the end of 2020, Mort was reporting a formal agreement for between the Taliban and Unicef to bring in community-based education for 100,000 -140,000 children including girls. [17] The negotiations began from considering UN-led polio vaccination and other services the non-political Unicef offered in Afghanistan, initially in Taliban-led provinces of the country and the schooling programme developed from there. Overall at that time it was estimated that 3.7 to 4million children in the country were not schooled. [18] [14]

Mort said on (16 -19 August 2021) Unicef were cautiously hopeful this deal would continue and the Taliban press conference would be confirmed that women can work and girls be schooled, [19] [14] although there is significant fear in the community, which she recognises, that women's rights and girl's education are going to be threatened. [20] [21] [22]

Continuing aid work

Mort has made an international appeal to support the work of Unicef in the country, which she expects will continue, as the humanitarian organisation is used to dealing with 'parties to conflict' and there are 'no enemy children' in Unicef's view. She emphasises the risk to 1 million children of malnourishment is rising with the drought and so many families fleeing conflict [23]  (later she revised that to 10 million). [2] Although the organisation is in daily contact with the Taliban leadership, on day 4 of new regime Mort said they are 'waiting to see what happens next'. [23] Along with Marianne O'Grady of Care International, Mort is remaining in position, as O'Grady said 'now is a time for the humanitarian sector to be here and to serve'. [24] Mort had said it will be a 'new experience' in the next few days, [25] as she is going out into the field to visit some of the programmes that UNICEF are supporting, with dialogue in progress on Taliban agreeing to provide the security cover. [26]

UNICEF is calling on global partners to establish with the country an 'air bridge' for urgent medical and aid supplies to come into the country again. [27] Although the Unicef compound itself felt explosions in Kabul, and the 'horrific' terrorist bombs at the airport were 'about 8-10 kilometres away', Mort and her team said their office is 'well guarded' and they were able to visit a hospital and displaced persons camp to assess whether mothers were still taking babies for vaccination, and for treatment for malnutrition. Although the wards were 'quite full' and 'around 170 women doctors, health workers, cleaners and administration staff' were still working despite increased anxiety, 'according to the female secretary for the hospital director' (as at 20 August 2021), Mort was said to note an atmosphere of 'sisterhood and camaraderie'. The Unicef aid team of 300 staff in various locations in the country are in a 'wait and see mode' and their safety risks being assessed daily. [2] She commented on the uncertainty of leadership strategy and factions within the Taliban, and how well they will stand up to the agreement on maintaining safety and security of aid workers. Mort commended her colleagues for preparing for the US withdrawal by dispersing supplies in advance, but called on the country's new leaders to keep the borders and air bridge open for incoming aid supplies. She asked that the international community support women and children there 'who are the least responsible and paying the highest price'. Half of Afghanistan, and 10 million children are in need of humanitarian assistance, said Mort. [2] Her mother in Kirriemuir, Scotland is being supported by 'the village' in her concern for Mort's own safety. [2]

Visit by UN High Commissioner and ongoing situation

Filipo Grandi, UN High Commissioner visited Kabul on 13 September 2021, [28] to assess the situation of 3.5million displaced Afghans, and as UN hosted a meeting of country and non-governmental organisations who pledged aid support, some expressed scepticism of the Taliban's approach to women's rights. [29] Mort was interviewed on 17 September 2021 about her motivation for staying in Kabul, life within the UN compound and the situation in the country. She told her interviewer 'stories of loss, reunification and reaching to the stars for hope, and said “I see a bravery in Afghanistan's girls and women that I haven't seen anywhere else, because the fears and the threats are real and they acknowledge it. And they move forward."' [5]

Accountability to donors and on a precipice of a 'humanitarian catastrophe'

Mort was reported two months later, as saying that donations to Unicef Afghanistan, since the regime takeover, are accountable through internal audits so ' not a single penny goes through the Taliban' although the regime accepts her charitable organisation is supporting local NGOs and will help those most in need. [30]

She said that the situation is 'on a precipice' with children's malnutrition in the country, likely to cause the 'death of 1.1million under 5 year-olds' within the next few weeks, 'without urgent treatment' but 'the global community had stopped funding'. This reflected a report, including a near 'break down' by BBC journalist John Simpson, in describing the 'hunger crisis' in which the World Food Programme estimated some 23million people are "marching towards starvation". [31]

Mort had visited the largest children's hospital, named after Indira Gandhi, and found 'only 2 nurses for 60 children in one ward', and overall it had lost a quarter of its nurses (some could no longer afford the journey to work) and until recently, the hospital could not pay staff without finance from the health ministry, which in turn had previously come from overseas donors. She said she had found that the doctor was 'cutting down dead trees' for heating the premises as winter approached, and had no paper for prescriptions, nor an adequate food stock for sick children, parents or staff. Mort had also visited clinics where there was a reported '30 to 50% increase in malnutrition in a month'. She was shocked at the sight of a four-year-old girl (who had fortunately come in for treatment), 'Parawana....who was found to weigh only around 9.10 kg' (half the expected weight) and ' didn't have the strength or will to raise her head, she had no curiosity'. Mort describes the girl's arm as thin as a 'broom handle' and her skin was so 'paper thin, she looked like an old woman' with gaunt cheeks and hair loss, [30] and she said 'there are millions more like her.'

Mort said Unicef were scaling up drastically, giving cash sometimes as the fastest way to help in the urgent situation and with rapid food price inflation, but she was 'urging the global community to fund [Unicef] directly so [they] can help those most in need.' [30]

Mort and the Unicef team remain in post, when other overseas staff had left, hoping to give 'some hope to Afghans' and to make a 'practical difference'. [30]

In the first quarter of 2022, Mort reported that basic foodstuffs had become even more unaffordable, women and girls are expected by the Taliban regime to stay at home and thus child labour was increasing and very young children become open to abuse or exploitation, and she said that 'small children, inadequately dressed for winter, pounding on car windows and running through traffic to sell chewing gum, shoelaces and toys' show 'how desperate the situation is,' [32] with 13 million children now considered in need of humanitarian aid, and up to 80% of the population having to drink contaminated water. [33] Mort commented in March 2022 on the specific situation of older girls at last returning to school, a policy suddenly overturned by the 'de facto regime' once again, which she explained (in answer to press questions), had not been communicated to Unicef or other partners, who were preparing with the ministry of education there to celebrate the opportunity for adolescent girls to return to public schools; [34] the impact of this was noted in the international news. [34] [35] [36] [37]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taliban</span> Militant organization in control of Afghanistan

The Taliban, which also refers to itself by its state name, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is an Afghan militant movement with an ideology comprising elements of Pashtun nationalism and the Deobandi current of Islamic fundamentalism. It ruled approximately three-quarters of the country from 1996 to 2001, before being overthrown following the American invasion. It recaptured Kabul on 15 August 2021 following the departure of most coalition forces, after nearly 20 years of insurgency, and currently controls all of the country. Its government is not recognized by any country. The Taliban government has been internationally condemned for restricting human rights in Afghanistan, including the right of women and girls to work and to have an education.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Treatment of women by the Taliban</span> Gender policies, punishments of the Taliban

The treatment of women by the Taliban refers to actions and policies by various Taliban regimes which are either specific or highly commented upon, mostly due to discrimination, since they first took control in 1996. During their first rule of Afghanistan (1996–2001), the Taliban were notorious internationally for their misogyny and violence against women. In 1996, women were mandated to wear the burqa at all times in public. In a systematic segregation sometimes referred to as gender apartheid, women were not allowed to work, nor were they allowed to be educated after the age of eight. Women seeking an education were forced to attend underground schools, where they and their teachers risked execution if caught. They were not allowed to be treated by male doctors unless accompanied by a male chaperone, which led to illnesses remaining untreated. They faced public flogging and execution for violations of the Taliban's laws.

Humanitarian aid workers belonging to United Nations organisations, PVOs / NGOs or the Red Cross / Red Crescent are among the list of protected persons under international humanitarian law that grant them immunity from attack by belligerent parties. However, attacks on humanitarian workers have occasionally occurred, and become more frequent since the 1990s and 2000s. In 2017, the Aid Worker Security Database (AWSD) documented 139 humanitarian workers killed in intentional attacks out of the estimated global population of 569,700 workers. In every year since 2013, more than 100 humanitarian workers were killed. This is attributed to a number of factors, including the increasing number of humanitarian workers deployed, the increasingly unstable environments in which they work, and the erosion of the perception of neutrality and independence. In 2012 road travel was seen to be the most dangerous context, with kidnappings of aid workers quadrupling in the last decade, reaching more aid workers victims than any other form of attack.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Habiba Sarābi</span> Afghan Hazara politician (born 1956)

Dr. Habiba Sarābi is a hematologist, politician, and reformer of the reconstruction of Afghanistan after the Taliban first took power. In 2005, she was appointed as Governor of Bamyan Province - the first Afghan woman to become a provincial governor. She had served as Afghanistan's Minister of Women's Affairs and as Minister of Culture and Education. Sarabi was instrumental in promoting women's rights and representation and environmental issues. She belongs to the ethnic Hazara people of Afghanistan. Her last name is sometimes spelled Sarobi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afghan refugees</span> Nationals of Afghanistan who left their country as a result of major wars or persecution

Afghan refugees are citizens of Afghanistan who were forced to flee from their country as a result the continuous wars that the country has suffered since the Afghan-Soviet war, the Afghan civil war, the Afghanistan war (2001–2021) or either political or religious persecution. The 1978 Saur Revolution, followed by the 1979 Soviet invasion, marked the first major wave of internal displacement and international migration to neighboring Iran and Pakistan; smaller numbers also went to India or to countries of the former Soviet Union. Between 1979 and 1992, more than 20% of Afghanistan's population fled the country as refugees. Following the Soviet withdrawal in 1989, many returned to Afghanistan, however many Afghans were again forced to flee during the civil war in the 90s. Over 6 million Afghan refugees were residing in Iran and Pakistan by 2000. Most refugees returned to Afghanistan following the 2001 United States invasion and overthrow of the Taliban regime. Between 2002 and 2012, 5.7 million refugees returned to Afghanistan, increasing the country's population by 25%.

The following lists events that happened during 2000 in Afghanistan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Education in Afghanistan</span> Overview of education in Afghanistan

Education in Afghanistan includes K–12 and higher education, which is under the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Higher Education. In 2021, there were nearly 10 million students and 220,000 teachers in Afghanistan. The nation still requires more schools and teachers. Soon after the Taliban take took the country in August 2021, they banned girls from secondary education. Some provinces still allow secondary education for girls despite the ban. In December 2022, the Taliban government also prohibited university education for females in Afghanistan, sparking protests and international condemnation. In December 2023, investigations were being held by the United Nations into the claim that Afghan girls of all ages were allowed to study at religious schools.

During the War in Afghanistan, according to the Costs of War Project the war killed 176,000 people in Afghanistan: 46,319 civilians, 69,095 military and police and at least 52,893 opposition fighters. However, the death toll is possibly higher due to unaccounted deaths by "disease, loss of access to food, water, infrastructure, and/or other indirect consequences of the war." According to the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, the conflict killed 212,191 people. The Cost of War project estimated in 2015 that the number who have died through indirect causes related to the war may be as high as 360,000 additional people based on a ratio of indirect to direct deaths in contemporary conflicts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suhaila Siddiq</span> Afghan politician (1938–2020)

Suhaila Siddiq, often referred to as 'General Suhaila', was an Afghan politician. She served as the Minister of Public Health from December 2001 to 2004. Prior to that, she worked as the Surgeon General in the military of Afghanistan. As a government minister, she was given the title Honorable before her name. Siddiq was one of the few female government leaders in Afghanistan, and is the only woman in the history of Afghanistan to have held the title of lieutenant general. General Seddiq had worked for the government of Afghanistan since the reign of Mohammed Zahir Shah.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Women in Afghanistan</span> Overview of the status of women in Afghanistan

Women's rights in Afghanistan have oscillated back and forth depending on the time period as well as the regime in power. After King Amanullah Khan's attempts to modernize the country in the 1920s, women officially gained equality under the 1964 Constitution. However, these rights were taken away in the 1990s through different temporary rulers such as the mujahideen and the Taliban during the Afghan civil war. During the first Taliban regime (1996–2001), women had very little to no freedom, specifically in terms of civil liberties. When the Taliban was overthrown by the United States following the September 11 attacks, women's rights gradually improved under the presidential Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Women were de jure equal to men under the 2004 Constitution.

Gayle Williams was an aid worker for SERVE Afghanistan of joint British and South African nationality. She was shot on her way to work in Kabul, Afghanistan by two men on a motorbike. Zabiullah Mujahid, a spokesman for the Taliban, claimed responsibility for her death and said she had been killed "because she was working for an organization which was preaching Christianity in Afghanistan".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Deborah Rodriguez (writer)</span> American novelist

Deborah "Debbie" Rodriguez is an American writer, hairdresser, and humanitarian. She is noted for creating safe spaces that provide women with a way out of domestic violence and chaotic circumstances.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 Badakhshan massacre</span> 2010 killing of aid workers in Kuran wa Munjan District, Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan

On 5 August 2010, ten members of International Assistance Mission (IAM) Nuristan Eye Camp team were killed in Kuran wa Munjan District of Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan. The team was attacked as it was returning from Nuristan to Kabul. One team member was spared while the rest of the team were killed immediately. Those killed were six Americans, two Afghans, one Briton and one German.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fawzia Koofi</span> Afghan politician and womens rights activist

Fawzia Koofi is an Afghan-Tajik politician, writer, and women's rights activist. Originally from Badakhshan province, Koofi was recently a member of the Afghan delegation negotiating peace with the Taliban in Doha Qatar. She is an ex Member of Parliament in Kabul and was the Vice President of the National Assembly.

Marianne O'Grady is an American teacher and Afghanistan's deputy country director for Care International who said that the Taliban "cannot un-educate millions of people" in the fall of Kabul (2021) and anticipated that women would continue to teach other women and girls, even if forced back "behind the wall".

On 15 August 2021, the city of Kabul, the capital of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, was captured by Taliban forces during the 2021 Taliban offensive, concluding the War in Afghanistan that began in 2001. The fall of Kabul provoked a range of reactions across the globe, including debates on whether to recognize the Taliban as the government of Afghanistan, on the humanitarian situation in the country, on the outcome of the War, and the role of military interventionism in world affairs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Recognition of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan</span> International relations of Afghanistans Taliban government

The Taliban has ruled Afghanistan as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan since taking control by force in 2021, overthrowing the internationally recognized Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The takeover was widely criticized by the international community, and no countries have extended de jure diplomatic recognition to the new regime, despite nominally maintaining relations with Afghanistan. The Taliban has campaigned for international recognition since the takeover. Several countries have vowed never to recognize the Islamic Emirate, and others have said they will do so only if human rights in the country are respected. Some countries have accredited Taliban diplomats at the chargé d'affaires level despite not recognizing the Islamic Emirate. In September 2023, the People's Republic of China became the first country to formally name a new ambassador to the country since the takeover, and in January 2024 recognized the Taliban's envoy to China; however, the PRC still does not formally recognize the Taliban as the legitimate government of Afghanistan.

Events in the year 2022 in Afghanistan.

The war in Afghanistan ended with the Taliban victorious when the United States withdrew its troops from Afghanistan. The aftermath has been characterized by marked change in the social and political order of Afghanistan as Taliban took over the country once again after the fall of Kabul in 2021.

The 20-year-long War in Afghanistan had a number of significant impacts on Afghan society.

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