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Samium ruled the ancient Near Eastern city-state of Larsa from 1976 BC to 1941 BC (MC). He was an Amorite. [1] [2] [3] He had a son called Zabaia.
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Larsa, also referred to as Larancha/Laranchon by Berossos and connected with the biblical Ellasar, was an important city-state of ancient Sumer, the center of the cult of the sun god Utu with his temple E-babbar. It lies some 25 km (16 mi) southeast of Uruk in Iraq's Dhi Qar Governorate, near the east bank of the Shatt-en-Nil canal at the site of the modern settlement Tell as-Senkereh or Sankarah.
The Old Babylonian Empire, or First Babylonian Empire, is dated to c. 1894–1595 BC, and comes after the end of Sumerian power with the destruction of the Third Dynasty of Ur, and the subsequent Isin-Larsa period. The chronology of the first dynasty of Babylonia is debated; there is a Babylonian King List A and also a Babylonian King List B, with generally longer regnal lengths. In this chronology, the regnal years of List A are used due to their wide usage.
The Civilization of Mesopotamia ranges from the earliest human occupation in the Paleolithic period up to Late antiquity. This history is pieced together from evidence retrieved from archaeological excavations and, after the introduction of writing in the late 4th millennium BC, an increasing amount of historical sources. While in the Paleolithic and early Neolithic periods only parts of Upper Mesopotamia were occupied, the southern alluvium was settled during the late Neolithic period. Mesopotamia has been home to many of the oldest major civilizations, entering history from the Early Bronze Age, for which reason it is often called a cradle of civilization.
The Dynasty of Isin refers to the final ruling dynasty listed on the Sumerian King List (SKL). The list of the Kings of Isin with the length of their reigns, also appears on a cuneiform document listing the kings of Ur and Isin, the List of Reigns of Kings of Ur and Isin.
Naplanum was the first independent king of the ancient Near Eastern city-state of Larsa c. 2025 BC – 2004 BC (MC) — roughly during the reign of Ibbi-Sin of the Third dynasty of Ur and the great famine — according to the later Larsa King List. No contemporary year names or inscriptions have been found verifying that Naplanum was a king of Larsa, which seems to have remained part of Ibbi-Sin's kingdom. However a prominent and wealthy Amorite merchant named Naplanum does appear in many sales records of the grain industry during these later days of the Third Dynasty, who may well have been the ancestor of the later independent kings of Larsa.
Emisum or Iemsium ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 2004 BC to 1977 BC (MC). He was an Amorite.
Zabaia ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1941 BC to 1932 BC (MC). He was an Amorite and the son of Samium.
Abisare ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1905 BC to 1894 BC (MC). He was an Amorite. The annals of his 11-year reign record that he smote the city of Isin in his 9th regnal year.
Sumuel or Sumu-El ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from c. 1895-1866 BC (MC). He was an Amorite.
Nur-Adad ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1866-1850 (MC). He was a contemporary of Sumu-la-El of Babylon.
Sin-Iddinam ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1849-1843 BC (MC). He was the son of Nur-Adad, with whom there may have been a short co-regency overlap.
Sin-Eribam ruled the ancient Near East Amorite city-state of Larsa for only two years, from c. 1842 BC to 1840 BC (MC).
Sin-Iqisham ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1840 BC to 1835 BC (MC). He was the son of Sin-Eribam and a contemporary of Zambiya of Isin.
Silli-Adad ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1835 BC to 1834 BC (MC). His reign was less than a full year; the annals state that he was "removed from kingship" and "was no longer king". His successor was Warad-Sin.
Warad-Sin ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1834-1823 BC (MC). There are indications that his father Kudur-Mabuk was co-regent or at very least the power behind the throne. His sister En-ane-du was high priestess of the moon god in Ur.
Kudur-Mabuk was a ruler in the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1770 BC to 1754 BC or 1830s BC. His sons Warad-Sin (1834-1823) and Rim-Sin I (1822-1763) were kings of Larsa. His daughter En-ane-du was high priestess of the moon god in Ur.
Tell Ishchali is an archaeological site in Diyala Province (Iraq) a few hundred meters from the Diyala River and 3 miles south by southeast from the ancient city of Khafajah. It is thought to be ancient Nerebtum or Kiti and was part of the city-state of Eshnunna. It is known to have been occupied during the Isin-Larsa period and Old Babylonian period with excavations ending before earlier levels were reached.
Sîn-kāšid was the king of the ancient Mesopotamian city of Uruk during the first half of the 18th century BC. His precise dating is uncertain, perhaps ca. 1803–1770 BC corresponding to ca.1865–1833 BC, but likely to have been fairly long due to the voluminous building inscriptions extant for which he is best known and contemporary with Nur-Adad of Larsa and Enlil-bāni of Isin. His apparent lack of relationship with any of the preceding rulers of Uruk and his omission of mentioning his father in any of his inscriptions has led to the belief that he was the founder of a dynasty. He participated in a diplomatic marriage with Šallurtum, the daughter of Sūmû-la-Il, the second king of the First Babylonian Dynasty, as her name and epithets appear in the seal impressions of three clay bullae recovered from the remains of his palace.
Rim-Sîn I ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1822 BC to 1763 BC (MC). His sister En-ane-du was high priestess of the moon god in Ur. Rim-Sin I was a contemporary of Hammurabi of Babylon and Irdanene of Uruk. His father, Kudur-mabuk, may have been of Elamite descent, notwithstanding his Akkadian name.
Rim-Sîn II ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1742 BC to 1738 BC (MC). Rim-Sin II was a contemporary of Samsu-iluna of Babylon.