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Bacon's Rebellion was an armed rebellion by Virginia settlers that took place from 1676 to 1677. It was led by Nathaniel Bacon against Colonial Governor William Berkeley,after Berkeley refused Bacon's request to drive Native American Indians out of Virginia. Thousands of Virginians from all classes and races rose up in arms against Berkeley,chasing him from Jamestown and ultimately torching the settlement. The rebellion was first suppressed by a few armed merchant ships from London whose captains sided with Berkeley and the loyalists. Government forces arrived soon after and spent several years defeating pockets of resistance and reforming the colonial government to be once more under direct Crown control. While the rebellion did not succeed in the initial goal of driving the Native Americans from Virginia,it did result in Berkeley being recalled to England.
William Drummond was a Scottish indentured servant in Virginia who became the first colonial governor of Albemarle Sound settlement in the Province of Carolina,but alienated Virginia governor William Berkeley,became a ringleader of Bacon's Rebellion and was executed after his capture.
Philip Cottington Ludwell was an English-born planter and politician in colonial Virginia who sat on the Virginia Governor's Council,the first of three generations of men with the same name to do so,and briefly served as speaker of the House of Burgesses. In addition to operating plantations in Virginia using enslaved labor,Ludwell also served as the first governor of the Carolinas,during the colony's transition from proprietary rule to royal colony.
Robert Beverley Jr. was a historian of early colonial Virginia,as well as a planter and politician.
Theodorick Bland,also known as Theodorick Bland of Westover,was a planter,merchant and politician in colonial Virginia who served as Speaker of the House of Burgesses,as well as in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly. The founder of the Bland family of Virginia,his son and grandson of the same name also served in the Virginia General Assembly before the American Revolutionary War,and later descendants sharing the same name would become a federal judge and congressman.
Colonel Augustine Warner Jr. was an American planter,military officer and politician. He served in the House of Burgesses from 1666 to 1677 and was its Speaker in two separate sessions in 1676 and 1677,before and after Bacon's Rebellion. Warner then served on the Virginia Governor's Council from October 1677 until his death. Warner is the last common ancestor of George Washington and King Charles III.
The Swann's Point Plantation Site is an archaeological site near the James River in Surry County,Virginia. The Swann's Point area,located west of the mouth of Gray Creek,has a rich historic of precolonial Native American occupation,as well as significant early colonial settlements. It was first granted to Richard Pace,whose warning famously saved the Jamestown Colony during the Indian Massacre of 1622. The Paces abandoned their settlement in 1624.
Arthur Allen II,also known as Major Allen was a Virginia colonial planter,merchant,military officer and controversial politician who twice served as Speaker of the Virginia House of Burgesses. He supported Governor William Berkeley during Bacon's Rebellion and became a prominent member of the Green Spring faction opposing later royal governors.
Colonel Lemuel Mason was an early Virginia planter,politician,justice of the peace,and militia colonel,who represented Lower Norfolk County in the House of Burgesses intermittently over three decades.
Edward Hill Jr. was a controversial Virginia planter,local official and politician,who like his father operated Shirley Plantation in part using enslaved labor,as well as briefly served as 20th Speaker of the Virginia House of Burgesses,and several times represented Charles City County in that body.
Sir Richard Kemp was a planter and politician in the Colony of Virginia. Kemp served as the Colony's Secretary and on the Governor's Council from 1634 to 1649. As the council's senior member,he also served as the acting Colonial Governor of Virginia from 1644 to 1645 during travels by Governor Sir William Berkeley. Kemp had also worked closely relation with Berkeley's predecessor,Sir John Harvey.
Ralph Wormeley Jr. (1651-1701) was a planter and politician who represented Middlesex County in the House of Burgesses before being elevated to the Virginia Governor's Council and serving as the colony's secretary and briefly as its acting governor. He further developed his father's Rosegill plantation,now on the National Register for Historic Places,as well as operated several plantations in adjoining Tidewater counties using enslaved labor.
St.Leger Codd was a militia officer,lawyer,planter and politician in the Colony of Virginia and the Colony of Maryland who sat in the Virginia House of Burgesses and the lower house of the Maryland General Assembly.
Thomas Swann was a planter,tavernkeeper,militia officer and politician in the Colony of Virginia who sat in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly and survived Bacon's Rebellion.
Thomas Swannn Jr. (ca.1650-1704) was a planter,militia officer and politician in the Colony of Virginia who represented first his native Surry County and later Nansemond County in the House of Burgesses.
James Bray (ca.1630-1691) was a British merchant who also became an attorney,planter and politician in the Colony of Virginia,serving nearly a decade on the Virginia Governor's Council through Bacon's Rebellion (1670-1679),and later representing James City County in the House of Burgesses,although unseated when he refused to make a loyalty oath.
George Jordan (1620-1679) was a British attorney who also became a planter and politician in the Colony of Virginia. He twice served as the colony's attorney general and at various times represented James City County and Surry County in the House of Burgesses,and may have served on the Virginia Governor's Council.
William Browne emigrated from Surrey,England to become a major planter and politician in the Colony of Virginia. He lived on the south bank of the James River at now-historic Four Mile Tree plantation,named for its distance from Jamestown and which in his tenure became part of Surry County. While his lawyer son,also William Browne,held only county offices,his grandson,also William Browne,would become a patriot in the American Revolutionary War,and serve in the Virginia House of Delegates.
Thomas Milner,emigrated from England to the Virginia colony where he became a merchant,planter,military officer and politician who twice served as Speaker of the Virginia House of Burgesses.
Richard Lawrence was an Oxford University graduate who emigrated to the Virginia colony where after various real estate speculations,he married a wealthy widow and became a tavernkeeper in Jamestown. Lawrence became one of Nathaniel Bacon's closest confidantes during Bacon's Rebellion and briefly served in the House of Burgesses during that conflict,after which he vanished with two other men otherwise likely to have been sentenced to death for treason.
References
- ↑ Tyler, Lyon Gardiner, ed. (1915). Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography. Vol. I. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company. p. 334.
- ↑ McCartney, Martha W. (2012). Jamestown people to 1800 : landowners, public officials, minorities, and native leaders. Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Pub. Co. ISBN 978-0-8063-1872-1. OCLC 812189309.
- ↑ McCartney p. 392
- 1 2 3 4 McCartney p. 393
- ↑ McCartney pp. 392-393
- ↑ Cynthia Miller Leonard, The Virginia General Assembly 1619-1978 (Richmond, Virginia State Library, 1978) pp. 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52