The School of Resina was a loosely linked group of Italian artists painting both landscapes and contemporary scenes in a non-academic Realistic style. The artists, mainly painters, gathered at the seaside hamlet of Resina (now incorporated into the towns of Herculaneum and Portici), just south of Naples.
The group nucleated around Giuseppe De Nittis, who after being expelled from the Naples Academy of Fine Arts, move away from the city with the express hope of painting real life outdoors, and not in a studio. Moving into rooms of the Royal Palace of Portici, [1] he was joined by Marco De Gregorio, Federico Rossano, and Adriano Cecioni; later joined by Alceste Campriani, Antonino Leto, Filippo Palizzi, Giovanni Ponticelli, Giovanni Fattori and others.
The group was mockingly called the Republic of Portici by Neapolitan painter Domenico Morelli. It was influenced through De Nittis by the Florentine Macchiaioli, but had also been influenced by the School of Posillipo of an earlier generation. The movement was less cohesive with the departure of De Nittis to Paris in 1867. [2]
Portici is a town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Naples in Campania, Italy. It is the site of the Portici Royal Palace.
Museo di Capodimonte is an art museum located in the Palace of Capodimonte, a grand Bourbon palazzo in Naples, Italy designed by Giovanni Antonio Medrano. The museum is the prime repository of Neapolitan painting and decorative art, with several important works from other Italian schools of painting, and some important ancient Roman sculptures. It is one of the largest museums in Italy. The museum was inaugurated in 1957.
Ercolano is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania of Southern Italy. It lies at the western foot of Mount Vesuvius, on the Bay of Naples, just southeast of the city of Naples. The medieval town of Resina was built on the volcanic material left by the eruption of Vesuvius that destroyed the ancient city of Herculaneum, from which the present name is derived. Ercolano is a resort and the starting point for excursions to the excavations of Herculaneum and for the ascent of Vesuvius by bus. The town also manufactures leather goods, buttons, glass, and Lacryma Christi wine.
Maria Amalia was Queen of Spain from 10 August 1759 until her death in 1760 as the wife of King Charles III. Previously, she had been Queen of Naples and Sicily since marrying Charles on 19 June 1738. She was born a princess of Poland and Saxony, daughter of King Augustus III of Poland and Princess Maria Josepha of Austria. Maria Amalia and Charles had thirteen children, of whom seven survived into adulthood. A popular consort, Maria Amalia oversaw the construction of the Caserta Palace outside Naples as well as various other projects, and she is known for her influence upon the affairs of state.
Giuseppe De Nittis was one of the most important Italian painters of the 19th century, whose work merges the styles of Salon art and Impressionism.
Telemaco Signorini was an Italian artist who belonged to the group known as the Macchiaioli.
Eduardo Dalbono was an Italian painter born in Naples.
Adriano Cecioni was an Italian artist, caricaturist, and critic associated with the Macchiaioli group.
The School of Posillipo refers to a loose group of landscape painters, based in the waterfront Posillipo neighborhood of Naples, Italy. While some among them became academicians, it was not a formal school or association.
Francesco Paolo Michetti was an Italian painter known especially for his genre works.
Alceste Campriani was an Italian painter noted for his landscapes, especially of the Neapolitan countryside.
Vincenzo Caprile was an Italian painter, mainly of genre scenes and landscapes depicting the coast of Amalfi.
Antonino or Antonio Leto was an Italian painter, painting mainly genre/landscape subjects in an impressionistic style.
Raimondo or Ramón Tusquets y Maignon was an Italian-Spanish painter, known for his eclectic subjects, ranging from orientalist themes, historical compositions to genre scenes of the countryside in Campania.
Federigo or Federico Rossano was an Italian painter in a Realist style.
The Le Antichità di Ercolano Esposte is an eight-volume book of engravings of the findings from excavating the ruins of Herculaneum in the Kingdom of Naples. It was published between 1757 and 1792, and copies were given to selected recipients across Europe. Despite the title, the Antichità di Ercolano shows objects from all the excavations the Bourbons undertook around the Gulf of Naples. These include Pompeii, Stabiae, and two sites in Herculaneum: Resina and Portici.
Marco De Gregorio was an Italian painter, who would form part of the School of Resina, painting works that spanned the spectrum from historical to genre topics.
The Basilica of Santa Maria a Pugliano is the main church in Ercolano and the oldest church in the area around Mount Vesuvius.
Nicola Palizzi was an Italian painter; known primarily for landscapes.
Geremia Discanno (1839–1907), was an Italian genre and landscape painter, who collaborated with archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli, art historian Emil Presuhn, and Naples-based chromolithographer Victor Steeger, to record wall paintings in the Roman ruins of Pompeii and Herculaneum that were being excavated at the time.