| Secretary-General of the Executive Yuan | |
|---|---|
| 行政院秘書長 | |
| Website | www |
The secretary-general of the Executive Yuan is the chief of staff of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Taiwan central government, who handles administrative affairs, and is assisted by two deputy secretaries-general. [1]
Political party: Kuomintang Non-partisan/ unknown Democratic Progressive Party
| No. | Name | Image | Term | Days | Party | Cabinet | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | ||||||
| 1 | Li Weiguo (李惟果) |  | 31 May 1948 | 22 December 1948 | 205 |  Kuomintang | Weng Wenhao Sun Fo |
| 2 | Duanmu Kai (端木愷) |  | 22 December 1948 | 21 March 1949 | 99 | Kuomintang | Sun Fo |
| 3 | Huang Shao-ku (黃少谷) |  | 21 March 1949 | 12 June 1949 | 73 | Kuomintang | He Yingqin |
| 4 | Chia Ching-teh (賈景德) |  | 12 June 1949 | 1950 | Kuomintang | Yan Xishan | |
| (3) | Huang Shao-ku (黃少谷) | | 12 March 1950 | 1 June 1954 | 1542 | Kuomintang | Chen Cheng I |
| 5 | Chen Ching-yu (陳慶瑜) |  | 1 June 1954 | 14 July 1958 | 1504 | Kuomintang | Yu Hung-chun Chen Cheng II |
| 6 | Chen Hsueh-ping (陳雪屏) |  | 14 July 1958 | 29 November 1967 | 3425 | Kuomintang | Chen Cheng II Yen Chia-kan |
| 7 | Chiang Yen-shih (蔣彥士) |  | 29 November 1967 | 29 May 1972 | 1643 | Kuomintang | Yen Chia-kan |
| 8 | Fei Hua (費驊) |  | 29 May 1972 | 9 June 1976 | 1472 | Kuomintang | Chiang Ching-kuo |
| 9 | Chang Chi-cheng (張繼正) |  | May 1976 | May 1978 | Kuomintang | Chiang Ching-kuo | |
| 10 | Ma Chi-chuang (馬紀壯) |  | May 1978 | December 1978 | Kuomintang | Sun Yun-suan | |
| 11 | Chu Shao-hua (瞿韶華) | | December 1978 | May 1984 | Kuomintang | Sun Yun-suan | |
| 12 | Wang Chang-ching (王章清) | | 1 June 1984 | July 1988 | Kuomintang | Yu Kuo-hua | |
| 13 | Robert Chien (錢純) | | July 1988 | May 1989 | Kuomintang | Yu Kuo-hua | |
| 14 | Wang Chao-ming (王昭明) | | 1989 | 26 February 1993 | Kuomintang | Lee Huan Hau Pei-tsun | |
| 15 | Li Ho-kao (李厚高) | | 26 February 1993 | 14 December 1993 | 291 | Kuomintang | Lien Chan |
| 16 | Chao Shou-po (趙守博) |  | 14 December 1993 | 1 September 1997 | 1357 | Kuomintang | Lien Chan |
| 17 | Chang Yu-hui (張有惠) | | 1 September 1997 | 27 January 1999 | 513 | Kuomintang | Vincent Siew |
| 18 | Hsieh Shen-shan |  | 27 January 1999 | 20 May 2000 | 479 | Kuomintang | Vincent Siew |
| 19 | Wea Chi-lin (魏啟林) | | 20 May 2000 | 6 October 2000 | 139 |  Democratic Progressive Party | Tang Fei |
| 20 | Chiou I-jen (邱義仁) |  | 6 October 2000 | 1 February 2002 | 483 | Democratic Progressive Party | Chang Chun-hsiung I |
| 21 | Lee Ying-yuan (李應元) |  | 1 February 2002 | 1 July 2002 | 150 | Democratic Progressive Party | Yu Shyi-kun |
| 22 | Liu Shyh-fang (劉世芳) |  | 1 July 2002 | 20 May 2004 | 689 | Democratic Progressive Party | Yu Shyi-kun |
| 23 | Arthur Iap (葉國興) | | 20 May 2004 | 1 February 2005 | 257 |  Independent | Yu Shyi-kun |
| (21) | Lee Ying-yuan (李應元) | | 1 February 2005 | 14 September 2005 | 225 | Democratic Progressive Party | Frank Hsieh |
| 24 | Cho Jung-tai (卓榮泰) |  | 14 September 2005 | 25 January 2006 | 133 | Democratic Progressive Party | Frank Hsieh |
| 25 | Liu Yuh-san (劉玉山) | | 25 January 2006 | 21 May 2007 | 481 | Independent | Su Tseng-chang I |
| 26 | Chen Chin-jun (陳景峻) | | 21 May 2007 | 20 May 2008 | 365 | Democratic Progressive Party | Chang Chun-hsiung II |
| 27 | Hsueh Hsiang-chuan (薛香川) | | 20 May 2008 | 10 September 2009 | 478 | Kuomintang | Liu Chao-shiuan |
| 28 | Lin Join-sane (林中森) |  | 10 September 2009 | 5 February 2012 | 879 | Kuomintang | Wu Den-yih |
| 29 | Lin Yi-shih (林益世) | | 6 February 2012 | 29 June 2012 | 144 | Kuomintang | Sean Chen |
| 30 | Chen Shyh-kwei (陳士魁) |  | 10 July 2012 | 7 February 2013 | 212 | Kuomintang | Sean Chen |
| 31 | Chen Wei-zen (陳威仁) |  | 18 February 2013 | 28 February 2014 | 376 | Kuomintang | Jiang Yi-huah |
| 32 | Lee Shu-chuan (李四川) |  | 1 March 2014 | 21 January 2015 | 326 | Kuomintang | Jiang Yi-huah Mao Chi-kuo |
| 33 | Chien Tai-lang (簡太郎) |  | 24 January 2015 | 20 May 2016 | 482 | Kuomintang | Mao Chi-kuo Chang San-cheng |
| 34 | Chen Mei-ling (陳美伶) |  | 20 May 2016 | 7 September 2017 | 476 | Independent | Lin Chuan |
| (24) | Cho Jung-tai (卓榮泰) | | 8 September 2017 | 28 December 2018 | 476 | Democratic Progressive Party | William Lai |
| 35 | Li Meng-yen (李孟諺) |  | 14 January 2019 | Incumbent | 1962 | Independent | Su Tseng-chang II Chen Chien-jen |
| 36 | Kung Ming-hsin (龔明鑫) |  | 20 May 2024 | Designate | 9 | Independent | Cho Jung-tai |
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is governed in a framework of a representative democratic republic under a five-power system first envisioned by Sun Yat-sen in 1906, whereby under the constitutional amendments, the President is head of state and the Premier is head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Executive Yuan. Legislative power is vested primarily in the Legislative Yuan. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. In addition, the Examination Yuan is in charge of validating the qualification of civil servants, and the Control Yuan inspects, reviews, and audits the policies and operations of the government.
The State Council of the People's Republic of China, also known as the Central People's Government, is the chief administrative authority and the national cabinet of China. It is constitutionally the highest administrative organ of the country and the executive organ of the National People's Congress, the highest organ of state power. It is composed of the premier, vice premiers, state councilors, ministers of ministries, directors of committees, the auditor general, and the secretary-general.
The president of the Republic of China, also referred to as the president of Taiwan, is the head of state of the Republic of China (Taiwan) as well as the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces. The position once had authority of ruling over Mainland China before 1949, but its remaining jurisdictions has been limited to Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other smaller islands since the conclusion of the Chinese Civil War.
The Legislative Yuan is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of China (Taiwan) located in Taipei. The Legislative Yuan is composed of 113 members, who are directly elected for four-year terms by people of the Taiwan Area through a parallel voting system.
The National Assembly was the authoritative legislative body of the Republic of China, from 1947 to 2005. Along with the Control Yuan and the Legislative Yuan, the National Assembly formed the tricameral parliament of the Republic of China.
The Constitution of the Republic of China is the fifth and current constitution of the Republic of China (ROC), ratified by the Kuomintang during the Constituent National Assembly session on 25 December 1946, in Nanjing, and adopted on 25 December 1947. The constitution, along with its Additional Articles, remains effective in ROC-controlled territories.
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Paramount leader is an informal term for the most important political figure in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The paramount leader typically controls the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People's Liberation Army (PLA), often holding the titles of CCP General Secretary and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC). The state representative (president) or head of government (premier) are not necessarily paramount leader—under China's party-state system, CCP roles are politically more important than state titles.
The premier of the Republic of China, officially the president of the Executive Yuan, is the head of the government of the Republic of China of Taiwan and leader of the Executive Yuan. The premier is nominally the principal advisor to the president of the republic and positioned as the head of central government.
The Executive Yuan is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.
The Control Yuan is the supervisory and auditory branch of the government of the Republic of China, both during its time in mainland China and Taiwan.
The government of the People's Republic of China is based on a system of people's congress within the parameters of a unitary communist state, in which the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) enacts its policies through people's congresses. This system is based on the principle of unified state power, in which the legislature, the National People's Congress (NPC), is constitutionally enshrined as "the highest state organ of power." As China's political system has no separation of powers, there is only one branch of government which is represented by the legislature. The CCP through the NPC enacts unified leadership, which requires that all state organs, from the Supreme People's Court to the President of the People's Republic of China, are elected by, answerable to, and have no separate powers than those granted to them by the NPC. By law, all elections at all levels must adhere to the leadership of the CCP. The CCP controls appointments in all state bodies through a two-thirds majority in the NPC. The remaining seats are held by nominally independent delegates and eight minor political parties, which are non-oppositional and support the CCP. All government bodies and state-owned enterprises have internal CCP committees that lead the decision-making in these institutions.
A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature. There are a number of variations of parliamentary republics. Most have a clear differentiation between the head of government and the head of state, with the head of government holding real power and the head of state being a ceremonial position, similar to constitutional monarchies. In some countries the head of state has reserve powers to use at their discretion as a non-partisan "referee" of the political process. Some have combined the roles of head of state and head of government, much like presidential systems, but with a dependency upon parliamentary confidence.
The 1st Legislative Yuan election was held in China between 21 and 23 January 1948. This election, and the preceding 1947 National Assembly election are the first elections of under the newly ratified 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China. Under this constitution, the Legislative Yuan is a standing legislature when the National Assembly is not in session. At the time most of Chinese territory was under the control of the government of the Republic of China, using a direct voting system elected 759 Legislative Representatives. Using the Republic's then 461 million population to calculate, on average 600,000 people elected one representative in the Legislative Yuan. The election along with the one held for the National Assembly also made China the largest democracy at the time.
The Government of the Republic of China, is the national authority whose actual-controlled territory consists of main island of Taiwan (Formosa), Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other island groups, collectively known as Taiwan Area or Free Area. A unitary state, the ROC government, under the current constitutional amendments, is run by a de facto semi-presidential system, consists of the presidency and five branches (Yuan): the Executive Yuan, Legislative Yuan, Judicial Yuan, Examination Yuan, and Control Yuan. The president is the head of state, with the premier as the head of government, currently ruled by the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) since 2016. Since the 2005 amendments of the Additional Articles of the Constitution, the Legislative Yuan has been the de facto unicameral parliamentary body of the country.
The Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission (MTAC) was a ministry-level commission of the Executive Yuan in the Republic of China. It was disbanded on 15 September 2017.
The Directorate-General of Personnel Administration of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (Taiwan) is a government body responsible for the overall personnel administration of all ministries and agencies under the Executive Yuan.
Cho Jung-tai is a Taiwanese politician who is the premier of the Republic of China. He served on the Taipei City Council from 1990 to 1998, when he was first elected to the Legislative Yuan. Cho remained a legislator through 2004, when he was appointed deputy secretary-general to the president during the Chen Shui-bian administration. During Frank Hsieh's 2008 presidential bid, Cho assumed the post of Secretary-General of the Democratic Progressive Party. He returned to public service in 2017, as secretary-general of the Executive Yuan under Premier William Lai. In 2019, Cho succeeded Tsai Ing-wen as leader of the Democratic Progressive Party. He remained leader of the party until May 2020, when Tsai resumed the role.
Jiang Yi-huah is a Taiwanese politician and former Premier of Taiwan (ROC). On 29 November 2014, he tendered his resignation and was succeeded by Mao Chi-kuo on 8 December 2014.
