The International Ski and Snowboard Federation, also known as FIS, is the highest international governing body for skiing and snowboarding. It was previously known as the International Ski Federation until 26 May 2022 when the name was changed to include snowboard.
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts which included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France and the USA. It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.
Downhill is a form of alpine skiing competition. Whereas the other alpine skiing events emphasize turning and technique, downhill emphasizes "the six components of technique, courage, speed, risk, physical condition and judgement", according to the FIS "International Ski Competition Rules (ICR)". Speeds of up to 130 km/h (81 mph) are common in international competition. Athletes must have an aerodynamically efficient tuck position to minimize drag and increase speed.
Nina Viktorovna Baldycheva was a Russian cross-country skier who competed from 1970 to 1980. She won three medals at the Winter Olympics with a gold in the 4 × 5 km relay (1976), a silver in the 4 × 5 km relay (1980), and a bronze in the 5 km (1976). In the relay in 1976, she injured her left hand in a fall at the start, but completed the race.
The 2006–07 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season for cross-country skiers. It was the 26th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season began on 28 October 2006 with 800m sprint races for women in Düsseldorf which was eventually won by Marit Bjørgen of Norway. This season, Tour de Ski was a part of the World Cup for the first time. The World Cup is organised by the FIS who also run world cups and championships in ski jumping, snowboarding and alpine skiing amongst others.
The 2009–10 Tour de Ski was the 4th edition of the Tour de Ski and took place 1–10 January 2010. The race started in Oberhof, Germany, and ended in Val di Fiemme, Italy. The defending champions was Switzerland's Dario Cologna for the men and Finland's Virpi Kuitunen for the women. This year's event was won by Lukáš Bauer of the Czech Republic for the men and Poland's Justyna Kowalczyk for the women.
The 45th World Cup season began on 23 October 2010, in Sölden, Austria, and concluded on 20 March 2011, at the World Cup finals in Lenzerheide, Switzerland.
The 2010–11 Tour de Ski was the 5th edition of the Tour de Ski and took place from 31 December 2010 to 9 January 2011. The race started in Oberhof, Germany, and ended in Val di Fiemme, Italy. The defending champions were Lukáš Bauer of the Czech Republic for the men and Poland's Justyna Kowalczyk for the women. Kowalczyk defende her title, and Swiss Dario Cologna won the Men's title.
The 46th World Cup season began on 22 October 2011, in Sölden, Austria, and concluded on 18 March 2012, at the World Cup finals in Schladming, Austria.
Ilka Štuhec is a Slovenian World Cup alpine ski racer, focusing on the speed events of downhill and super-G. She was a three-time junior world champion in three different disciplines, and was the world champion in downhill in 2017 and 2019.
The 49th World Cup season began on 25 October 2014, in Sölden, Austria, and concluded on 22 March 2015 at the World Cup finals in Meribel, France. The defending overall champions from the 2014 season - Marcel Hirscher and Anna Fenninger, both of Austria, defended their titles successfully. The season was interrupted by the World Championships in February, in the United States at Vail/Beaver Creek, Colorado. Combined events were not awarded as a discipline trophy.
Seraina Boner is a Swiss cross-country skier who has been competing since 1998. She has competed at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Torino and the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.
The 2014–15 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was the 34th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season started on 29 November 2014 in Ruka, Finland and ended on 15 March 2015 in Oslo, Norway.
The 2015 Tour de Ski was the 9th edition of the Tour de Ski. The Stage World Cup event began in Oberstdorf, Germany on January 3, 2015, and ended in Val di Fiemme, Italy on January 10, 2015. The titles were being defended by Therese Johaug (Norway) and Martin Johnsrud Sundby (Norway), the former of which came second to Marit Bjørgen, while Sundby initially retained his title until it was passed on to Petter Northug when Sundby was stripped of the title.
The 2015/16 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup was the 33rd World Cup season, organized by the International Ski Federation. It started on 4 December 2015 in Lillehammer, Norway and ended on 6 March 2016 in Schonach, Germany.
The 2017–18 Tour de Ski was the 12th edition of the Tour de Ski, part of the 2017–18 FIS Cross-Country World Cup. The World Cup stage event began in Lenzerheide, Switzerland, on December 30, 2017, and ended in Val di Fiemme, Italy, on January 7, 2018. The cups were defended by Heidi Weng (Norway) and Sergey Ustiugov (Russia).
The 2019–20 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was the 39th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season began on 29 November 2019 in Ruka, Finland and concluded on 8 March 2020 in Oslo, Norway.
The 2019–20 Tour de Ski was the 14th edition of the Tour de Ski and part of the 2019–20 FIS Cross-Country World Cup. The World Cup stage event began in Lenzerheide, Switzerland on 28 December 2019 and concluded with the Final Climb stage in Val di Fiemme, Italy, on 5 January 2020. The tour was the third tour starting in Lenzerheide. The last stage known as the Final Climb was held as a mass start for the first time. A points standing replaced the sprint standing from previous editions.
The 2020–21 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was the 40th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women.
The 2020–21 FIS Ski Jumping World Cup was the 42nd World Cup season in ski jumping for men, the 24th official World Cup season in ski flying, and the 10th World Cup season for women. The men's season started in November 2020 in Wisła and ended in March 2021 in Planica. The women's season started in December 2020 in Ramsau and ended in Chaykovsky.
Switzerland 
