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Politics of Bangladesh takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic,whereby the Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government,and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972,and has undergone seventeen amendments.
The Bangladesh Awami League,simply known as Awami League,is one of the major political parties in Bangladesh. The oldest existing political party in the country,the party played a large role in achieving Bangladeshi independence both before and after the Bangladesh Liberation War. It is also one of the two most dominant parties in the country,along with its archrival Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Throughout its tenure as the ruling party from January 6,2009 to August 5,2024,it has been consistently described as authoritarian and dictatorial.
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad,meaning national parliament,has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 1 October 2001. The 300 seats of the Jatiya Sangsad were contested by 1,935 candidates representing 54 parties and 484 independents. The elections were the second to be held under the caretaker government concept,introduced in 1996.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 27 February 1991. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) emerged as the largest party in parliament,winning 140 of the 300 directly elected seats. The BNP formed a government with the support of the Islamic party Jamaat-e-Islami and on 20 March Khaleda Zia was sworn in for her first term as Prime Minister.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 12 June 1996. The result was a victory for the Bangladesh Awami League,which won 146 of the 300 directly elected seats,beginning Sheikh Hasina's first-term as Prime Minister. Voter turnout was 75%,the highest to date. This election was the second to be held in 1996,following controversial elections held in February a few months earlier.
General elections were held in newly independent Bangladesh on 7 March 1973. A total of 1,078 candidates and 14 political parties contested the elections.
Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the first female speaker of the Bangladesh Jatiya Sangsad since April 2013 until August 2024. At 46,she became the youngest person to assume that office. She was also the chairperson of the executive committee of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association between 2014 and 2017. She previously served as the state minister of the Ministry of Women and Children Affairs of Bangladesh.
Kamrul Laila Jolly is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former member of parliament representing Magura District.
Umme Fatema Nazma Begum,better known as Sheuly Azad,is an entrepreneur and politician,holding one of the seats reserved for women in the 11th Jatiya Sangsad,the Bangladeshi parliament.
Fazilatun Nessa Indira is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former State Minister of Women and Children Affairs. She was selected as a member of parliament from the reserved seats for women consecutively in the 9th,10th,11th and 12th parliamentary elections.
Waseqa Ayesha Khan is an Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former Minister of State for Finance. She is a former member of parliament of Reserved women's seats.
Faridun Nahar Laily is a Bangladeshi politician,entrepreneur,freedom fighter,and a former Jatiya Sangsad member from the reserved women's seat of the 12th national assembly. She was previously Member of Parliament in the reserved women's seat,nominated by the Bangladesh Awami League in the Ninth National Assembly. Faridun Nahar Laily is in her third term as the Agriculture and Cooperatives Secretary of the Central Committee of the Awami League. Before this,she was the Relief and Social Welfare Secretary of the Central Committee of the Bangladesh Awami League. She has previously held the position of Senior Joint General Secretary of the Bangladesh Women's Awami League.
Shahida Tareque Dipti is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former member of parliament from a reserved seat.
Tamanna Nusrat Bubly is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and former member of the Bangladesh Parliament from a reserved seat. She is the widow of Awami League leader Lokman Hossain,who was assassinated in a gun attack in 2011,who was then sitting Narsingdi municipality mayor.
Naheed Ezaher Khan is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former state minister of cultural affairs. She is a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing a women's reserved seat.
Runu Reza is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member from a women's reserved seat in 2024.
Khaleda Bahar Beauty is a Bangladesh Awami League politician from Bhola and a former Jatiya Sangsad member from a women's reserved seat.
Hasina Bari Chowdhury is a Awami League politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member from a women's reserved for Dhaka District. She was the reserved women ward councilor one of Dhaka North City Corporation. She was the general secretary of Dhaka Metropolitan North unit of the Bangladesh Mohila Awami League.
Shamshun Nahar Chapa is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member from a women's reserved for Tangail District. Chapa served as the state minister for education from 1 March 2024 until 6 August 2024.
References
- ↑ "Member profile". Bangladesh Government. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
- ↑ "Reserved seat nominees declared winners".
- ↑ "Barisal-4: Shammi's candidature declared invalid due to dual citizenship".
- ↑ "Dr Shammi becomes AL international affairs secretary". jagonews24.com. 13 July 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2024.
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