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Landscape architecture is the design of outdoor areas, landmarks, and structures to achieve environmental, social-behavioural, or aesthetic outcomes. It involves the systematic design and general engineering of various structures for construction and human use, investigation of existing social, ecological, and soil conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of other interventions that will produce desired outcomes.
The Biodesign Institute is a major research center known for nature-inspired solutions to global health, sustainability, and security challenges located on the Tempe campus of Arizona State University. The institute is organized into a growing number of collaborative research centers and laboratories staffed by scientists in diverse disciplines. It is currently led by Executive Director Dr. Joshua LaBaer, a personalized diagnostics researcher.
Peter Walker is an American landscape architect and the founder of PWP Landscape Architecture.
Outdoor education is organized learning that takes place in the outdoors, typically during school camping trips. Outdoor education programs sometimes involve residential or journey wilderness-based experiences in which students participate in a variety of adventurous challenges and outdoor activities such as hiking, climbing, canoeing, ropes courses and group games. Outdoor education draws upon the philosophy, theory, and practices of experiential education and environmental education.
An urban park or metropolitan park, also known as a city park, municipal park, public park, public open space, or municipal gardens (UK), is a park or botanical garden in cities, densely populated suburbia and other incorporated places that offers green space and places for recreation to residents and visitors. Urban parks are generally landscaped by design, instead of lands left in their natural state. The design, operation and maintenance is usually done by government agencies, typically on the local level, but may occasionally be contracted out to a park conservancy, "friends of" group, or private sector company.
Michael Robert Van Valkenburgh is an American landscape architect and educator. He has worked on a wide variety of projects – including public parks, college campuses, sculpture gardens, corporate landscapes, private gardens, and urban master plans – in the U.S., Canada, Europe and Asia. He has taught at Harvard's Graduate School of Design Since 1982 and served as chair of its Landscape Architecture Department from 1991 to 1996.
Sustainable landscape architecture is a category of sustainable design concerned with the planning and design of the built and natural environments.
Green infrastructure or blue-green infrastructure refers to a network that provides the “ingredients” for solving urban and climatic challenges by building with nature. The main components of this approach include stormwater management, climate adaptation, the reduction of heat stress, increasing biodiversity, food production, better air quality, sustainable energy production, clean water, and healthy soils, as well as more anthropocentric functions, such as increased quality of life through recreation and the provision of shade and shelter in and around towns and cities. Green infrastructure also serves to provide an ecological framework for social, economic, and environmental health of the surroundings. More recently scholars and activists have also called for green infrastructure that promotes social inclusion and equity rather than reinforcing pre-existing structures of unequal access to nature-based services.
Greening is the process of transforming living environments, and also artifacts such as a space, a lifestyle or a brand image, into a more environmentally friendly version. The act of greening generally involves incorporating more environmentally friendly systems into one's environment, such as the home, work place, and general lifestyle.
A therapeutic garden or wellness garden is an outdoor garden space that has been specifically designed to meet the physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of the people using the garden as well as their caregivers, family members and friends.
Kimbal James Musk is a South African restaurateur, chef, and entrepreneur. He owns The Kitchen Restaurant Group, a collection of restaurants located in Colorado and Chicago. He is the co-founder and chairman of Big Green, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that has built hundreds of outdoor classrooms called Learning Gardens in schoolyards across America. Musk is also the co-founder and chairman of Square Roots, an urban farming company growing food in hydroponic, indoor, climate controlled shipping containers. Musk currently sits on the boards of Tesla Inc. and SpaceX, both of which his brother Elon is the current CEO. He was on the board of Chipotle Mexican Grill from 2013 to 2019. He is the brother of Tosca Musk, son of Errol and Maye Musk, and a major shareholder in Tesla.
The Edible Schoolyard (ESY) is a 1-acre (4,000 m2) garden and kitchen program at the Martin Luther King Jr. Middle School, a public middle school in Berkeley, California. It was established in 1995 by chef and author Alice Waters. It is supported by the Edible Schoolyard Project, a non-profit organization founded by Waters that same year.
Mikyoung Kim, FASLA is an American landscape architect, urban designer, and founding principal of Mikyoung Kim Design. Kim has received the Smithsonian Cooper Hewitt National Design Award and the American Society of Landscape Architects National Design Medal. Her studio was named by Fast Company as one of the world's most innovative architecture firms.
New York Sun Works, founded in 2004 by Ted Caplow, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that uses hydroponic farming technology to educate students and teachers about the science of sustainability. Their Hydroponic Classroom program was inspired by NY Sun Works' first project, the renowned Science Barge, a prototype sustainable urban farm and environmental education center previously docked on the Hudson River and now located in Yonkers under different ownership.
Loveland Learning Garden is a non-profit community school garden program located in the Loveland City School District in Loveland, Ohio. As "the largest and most comprehensive school gardening program in the Midwest," Loveland Learning Garden's collaborates with the Loveland City School District to offer hands-on learning experiences for students that are directly connected to state curriculum standards. Granny's Garden School has begun the Schoolyard Nature Network to aid those who wish to develop their own school garden programs. Hailed as a "tremendous community asset," Granny's Garden provides food for the school cafeteria as well as to the rest of the community. Granny's Garden School is featured prominently in Herbert W. Broda's book Moving the Classroom Outdoors: Schoolyard-Enhanced Learning in Action. Broda lauds the school as, "a truly amazing enterprise It has also been presented in the American magazine Birds and Blooms.
Andrea Cochran is an American landscape architect based in San Francisco. She is a fellow of the American Society of Landscape Architects and one of seven designer women featured in the 2012 documentary Women in the Dirt.
Katherine Emilie Bashford (1885–1953) was an American landscape architect who designed residential gardens primarily in Pasadena and landscaping for several Southern California public housing projects.
Learning space or learning setting refers to a physical setting for a learning environment, a place in which teaching and learning occur. The term is commonly used as a more definitive alternative to "classroom," but it may also refer to an indoor or outdoor location, either actual or virtual. Learning spaces are highly diverse in use, configuration, location, and educational institution. They support a variety of pedagogies, including quiet study, passive or active learning, kinesthetic or physical learning, vocational learning, experiential learning, and others. As the design of a learning space impacts the learning process, it is deemed important to design a learning space with the learning process in mind.
A schoolyard or school campus is the region within the boundaries of a school used for teaching, extracurricular activities, and playing sports and games.
Big Green is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization founded in 2011 by Kimbal Musk and Hugo Matheson. They operated "The Kitchen restaurant group" believing that every child should have the opportunity to play, learn and grow in healthy communities.
References
- 1 2 Nov. 17, 2010, Princeton Alumni Weekly, Asphalt to Ecosystems: Design Ideas for Schoolyard Transformation By Sharon Danks ’93, Accessed June 16, 2014
- 1 2 October 13, 2010, Amanda Marrazzo, Chicago Tribune, Nature's classroom: Eco-friendly schoolyards a space for teaching everything from poetry to nutrition, Accessed June 16, 2014, "...schoolyards are perfect settings for composting, learning about insects...."
- 1 2 February 27, 2011, Clearing Magazine, Asphalt to Ecosystems: Design Ideas for Schoolyard Transformation, Accessed June 16, 2014, "..transforming the traditional school ground’s slab of asphalt into edible gardens,..."
- 1 2 Nicholas Pevzner, Aug 28, 2012, Scenario Journal, Landscape Urbanism Wins ASLA Communications Honor Award, Accessed June 16, 2014, "..ASLA’s awards... Sharon Danks’s wonderful book Asphalt to Ecosystems..."
- 1 2 American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA), 2012, 2012 Professional ASLA Awards, Accessed June 16, 2014, "..Sharon Gamson Danks, ASLA..."
- ↑ Rachel, Fauber. "Fourteen People Inspiring a Brighter Future". Ashoka United States. Ashoka. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
- ↑ Contributor, Ashoka (November 1, 2017). "Transforming Schoolyards, Our Most Abundant Public Spaces". Forbes. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
{{cite news}}:|last1=has generic name (help) - ↑ Anita Merina, National Educational Association, Dreaming of School Gardens? Forget the polar vortex, ice, sleet, and snow. It’s time to talk about seeds, soil, science, and school gardens., Accessed June 16, 2014, "..says Sharon Danks, author of Asphalt to Ecosystems..."
- ↑ Elizabeth Manning, October 2011, Alaska Fish & Wildlife News, Schoolyard Habitats Inspire Outdoor Learning, Accessed June 16, 2014, "...Sharon Danks’ book about schoolyard habitat projects are so awe-inspiring.."
- ↑ Sarah Elton, Nov. 21 2013, The Globe and Mail, A look at five schools that are taking learning back to nature , Accessed June 16, 2014, "..says Sharon Danks..."
- ↑ 9 March 2011, School Garden Weekly, Asphalt to Ecosystems: Design Ideas for Schoolyard Transformation, Accessed June 16, 2014, "..Danks takes readers on a tour of successful green schoolyards..."
- ↑ Day, Adrienne (October 15, 2020). "COVID, climate, and equitable spaces: Why outdoor learning is more essential than ever". No. Fix Solutions Lab. Grist. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
- 1 2 Henderson, Gareth (September 8, 2020). "Back to School: In-person, outside". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
- ↑ Soumya Karlamangla, Staff Writer, February 24, 2011, Daily Californian, Green Playgrounds Spring Up Around Bay Area, Accessed June 16, 2014, "...Sharon Danks, a Berkeley-area environmental planner..."
- ↑ Stevanne Auerbach, PhD, September 26, 2011, Berkeley Daily Planet, [Green Schoolyards: Creating A Greener Generation http://www.berkeleydailyplanet.com/issue/2011-09-27/article/38471?headline=Green-Schoolyards-Creating-A-Greener-Generation---By-Stevanne-Auerbach-PhD], Accessed June 16, 2014, "...As conference director Sharon Danks writes .."
- ↑ EE Week, EE Week Suggested Reading for Educators: Sharon Danks Archived 2014-05-27 at the Wayback Machine , Accessed June 16, 2014, "...A resource for educators interested in designing and building natural schoolyard environments.."
- ↑ Elizabeth Cooper, January 30, 2011, Vermont Today via the Rutland Herald, Learning outside of the box Archived 2015-02-11 at the Wayback Machine , Accessed June 16, 2014, "..Sharon Danks, author of “Asphalt to Ecosystems.” ..."
- ↑ Tate, Emily (October 5, 2020). "What If Schools Viewed Outdoor Learning as 'Plan A'?". EdSurge. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
- ↑ Nierenberg, Amelia (October 27, 2020). "Classrooms Without Walls, and Hopefully Covid". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
- ↑ Newberry, Laura (June 28, 2021). "8 to 3: Outdoor classrooms are rare despite COVID-19. That could soon change". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
- ↑ Buchwald, Elisabeth (September 15, 2020). "Tents fit for a wedding reception and artfully constructed wooden bandstands: Welcome to outdoor classrooms during a pandemic — and now for the bad news". Market Watch. Retrieved 11 August 2021.