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Trade unions in India are registered and file annual returns under the Trade Union Act (1926). Statistics on trade unions are collected annually by the Labour Bureau of the Ministry of Labour, Government of India. As per the latest data, released for 2012, there were 16,154 trade unions which had a combined membership of 9.18 million. The trade union movement in India is largely divided along political lines and follows a pre-Independence pattern of overlapping interactions between political parties and unions. The net result of this type of system is debated as it has both advantages and disadvantages. According to the data submitted by various trade unions to the Ministry of Labour and Employment as part of a survey, INTUC with a combined membership of 33.3 million, has emerged as the largest trade union in India as of 2013.
All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries was formed in 1967 as a splinter group of Communist Party of India (Marxist), seeing its participation in the United Front government in West Bengal as a betrayal. Initially the group was known as AICCR of the CPI(M), and partially functioned as an inner-party fraction.
The Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) (CPI (ML)) was an Indian communist party formed by the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (AICCCR) at a congress in Calcutta in 1969. The foundation of the party was declared by Kanu Sanyal at a mass meeting in Calcutta on 22 April, Vladimir Lenin's birthday. Later the CPI(ML) party splintered into several Naxalite groups.
The Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation (abbreviated: CPI(ML), CPI-ML, CPIML(L), CPI-ML(L), CPI MaLe, or CPIML Liberation) also referred to as the Liberation Group, is a communist political party in India. The party is represented in Bihar and Jharkhand Legislative Assemblies. Since 2023, the party is also a member of the I.N.D.I.A electoral alliance.
Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) is a anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in India. After the death of Charu Majumdar in 1972 the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) pro Charu Majumdar central committee was led by Mahadev Mukherjee and Jagjit Singh Sohal, and the Central Committee took a stand to defend the line of Charu Majumdar on 5–6 December 1972.
The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is a Marxist–Leninist–Maoist banned communist political party and militant organization in India which aims to overthrow the "semi-colonial and semi-feudal Indian state" through protracted people's war. It was founded on 21 September 2004, through the merger of the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War (People's War Group) and the Maoist Communist Centre of India (MCCI). The party has been designated as a terrorist organisation in India under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act since 2009.
The Congress Socialist Party (CSP) was a socialist caucus within the Indian National Congress. It was founded in 1934 by Congress members who rejected what they saw as the anti-rational mysticism of Gandhi as well as the sectarian attitude of the Communist Party of India towards the Congress. Influenced by Fabianism as well as Marxism-Leninism, the CSP included advocates of armed struggle or sabotage (such as Yusuf Meherally, Jai Prakash Narayan, and Basawon Singh as well as those who insisted upon Ahimsa or Nonviolent resistance. The CSP advocated decentralized socialism in which co-operatives, trade unions, independent farmers, and local authorities would hold a substantial share of the economic power.
The Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) was a political party in Nepal. It was launched in 1978 by the All Nepal Communist Revolutionary Coordination Committee (Marxist–Leninist), which was founded by groups involved in the Jhapa movement. The CPN (ML) published Varg-Sangarsh and Mukti Morcha.
United Communist Party of India (UCPI), is a political party in India. It was formed in 1989 when Indian Communist Party led by Com. Mohit Sen along with Com Ramesh Sinha, M. Kalyanasundaram, K.Manickam, D. Pandian, and SU. Palanisamy; All India Communist Party led by S.A. Dange and Roza Deshpande; and Communist Party of Punjab led Com. Wadhawa Ram and Sukhinder Singh Dhaliwal; decided to merge their formations and called for national conference of communists.
Hare Krishna Konar was an Indian Marxist revolutionary, political theorist, charismatic peasant leader and politician. Konar was a founding member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), the figurehead behind India's first land reform, and the chief architect of the West Bengal land distribution. Between the 1960s and 1970s, he became one of the principal leaders of the Communist movements in India. In 1932, due to his involvement in the Begut Robbery Case of the Jugantar Party, Konar was deported to the Cellular Jail of the Andaman for 6 years at the age of 18, there he took part in the first hunger strike and in 1935 he founded the Communist Consolidation and led the historical second hunger strike.
Vinod Mishra was an Indian communist politician. Mishra served as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation between 1975 and 1998.
Shiv Kumar Subramaniam was an Indian actor and screenwriter who is known for his role as the leading industrial tycoon I. M. Virani in the Indian television serial Mukti Bandhan on Colors channel. He is credited with writing the screenplay for the 1989 film Parinda, directed by Vidhu Vinod Chopra and for the 2005 film Hazaaron Khwaishein Aisi, directed by Sudhir Mishra. He also appeared in supporting roles in both films. He died from an illness on 10 April 2022.
Brij Bihari Pandey is an Indian politician known for being most close associate of Vinod Mishra who founded Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation. He is a Central Committee member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation. He was a childhood friend of the founder and leader of the party, Vinod Mishra. He edited the publication Lokyuddh along with Narendra Sah. He is currently the Chairperson of the Central Control Commission of the Party.
Vijoy 15 million people voted in the state of Bihar in the 1971 Indian general election, a turnout of 49%. The Indian National Congress won 39 seats from a total of 53.
Kamal Basu was a Bengali Indian politician who had served as a mayor of Calcutta, India between 1985 and 1990.
Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri was an Indian politician. He was the oldest surviving member of the founding Central Committee of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
Surjya Kanta Mishra is an Indian politician, belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He served as Minister of Health and Minister in-charge of Land & Land Reforms, Panchayats & Rural Development in the Left Front governments of West Bengal and was the Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), West Bengal State Committee between 2015 and 2022.
Yalamanchili Radhakrishna Murthy, known as YRK, was an Indian medical doctor and politician, belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
Sushital Ray Chowdhary was an Indian Communist intellectual and founder member of Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist). He was the editor of the organs of the CPI, CPI(M) and CPI(ML). He eventually fell out with the mainstream Charu Majumdar group and died of a heart attack in March, 1971.
Shyamal Chakraborty was an Indian politician and trade unionist, who was a member of the Rajya Sabha from 2008 to 2014 from West Bengal. He was also a member of West Bengal Legislative Assembly and a minister in the Government of West Bengal.