| Siege of Kromy | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18) | |||||||
 | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Army of False Dmitry I | Army of Boris Godunov | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Andrei Korela | Fedor Mstislavsky Peter Sheremetev Vasily Shuisky | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| up to 5,000 | About 40,000 | ||||||
The siege of Kromy was the last major clash of government troops of Boris Godunov with the rebel army of False Dmitry I.
After Battle of Dobrynichy, most noblemen and mercenaries with whom False Dmitry I began his campaign left him, but under his banner, peasants and Cossacks flocked massively, dissatisfied with the rule of Godunov and who supposedly believed False Dmitry to be "the lawful sovereign". [1]
A small garrison of Kromy was reinforced by five hundred Cossacks led by the ataman Andrei Korela, who retreated here after the battle of Dobrynichi. The walls were destroyed by artillery fire, but the defenders of Kromy effectively defended themselves in the system of trenches, which they dug in the city. Nevertheless, the losses on both sides were high and the ataman Korela demanded reinforcements from False Dmitry I in Putivl, threatening to surrender the city. False Dmitriy reacted by sending a large detachment to Kromy. Thanks to the fact that the tsarist troops accepted these warriors for their own, they entered the fortress with a large train. The fighting lasted a few more weeks before the ceasefire.
In the huge camp of Mstislavsky began an epidemic of dysentery. Godunov's order not to leave the army caused indignation among the nobles, and many in spite of the ban went home. [1]
On April 13, 1605, Boris Godunov died and his son, Fedor, became Tsar. Many of the boyars began to look for ways to get rid of the elected Zemstvo dynasty. On May 7, most of the government army, following the agitation of the hero of the Novgorod-Seversk siege, Peter Basmanov (who took part in the conspiracy against the Godunovs), took the side of False Dmitry. Tsar Fedor II Godunov was killed by the Pretender's agents on June 10, 1605 and False Dmitry I entered Moscow as the new Tsar. His rule would last till May 17, 1606, when he would be killed and replaced by Vasili IV Shuiski. [2]
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The Time of Troubles, also known as Smuta, was a period of political crisis in Russia which began in 1598 with the death of Feodor I, the last of the House of Rurik, and ended in 1613 with the accession of Michael I of the House of Romanov.
The Ingrian War between the Swedish Empire and the Tsardom of Russia lasted between 1610 and 1617. It can be seen as part of Russia's Time of Troubles and is mainly remembered for the attempt to put a Swedish duke on the Russian throne. It ended with a large Swedish territorial gain in the Treaty of Stolbovo, which laid an important foundation to Sweden's Age of Greatness.
False Dmitry I reigned as the Tsar of all Russia from 10 June 1605 until his death on 17 May 1606 under the name of Dmitriy Ivanovich. According to historian Chester S. L. Dunning, Dmitry was "the only Tsar ever raised to the throne by means of a military campaign and popular uprisings".
Marina Mniszech or Mnishek was a Polish noblewoman who was the tsaritsa of all Russia in May 1606 during the Time of Troubles as the wife of False Dmitry I. Following the death of her husband, she later married another imposter to the throne, False Dmitry II. A devout Catholic, she hoped to convert Russia's population to Catholicism.
Vasili IV Ivanovich Shuisky was Tsar of all Russia from 1606 to 1610, after the murder of False Dmitri I. His rule coincided with the Time of Troubles. He was the only member of House of Shuisky to become tsar and the last member of the Rurikid dynasty to rule as tsar.
The Polish–Muscovite War of 1605–1618, also known as the Polish–Russian War, Polish Intervention in Russia or the Dimitriads, was a conflict fought between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia from 1605 to 1618.
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The Battle of Dobrynichi took place on 21 January 1605 between the armies of False Dmitry I and Fyodor Mstislavsky near the village of Dobrynichi.
Xenia Borisovna Godunova (1582–1622) was a Russian Tsarevna, daughter of Tsar Boris Godunov, and sister of Tsar Feodor II of Russia.
The Battle of Novgorod-Seversky was the first major battle of False Dmitry I against Boris Godunov.
In the Battle of Bolkhov on May 10–11, 1608, the troops of False Dmitry II managed to defeat the army of Tsar Vasily Shuisky.
The Vyborg Treaty was a package of 7 documents signed in Vyborg during 1609 between Sweden and Russia on the provision by Sweden of military assistance to the government of Vasily Shuisky.
The Uprising of Bolotnikov, in Russian historiography called the Peasant War under the Leadership of Ivan Bolotnikov (Peasant Uprising), was a major peasant, Cossack, and noble uprising of 1606–1607 led by Ivan Bolotnikov and several other leaders. At the time of the highest point of the uprising (the Siege of Moscow in 1606), more than 70 cities in the south and center of Russia were under the control of the rebels.
Prince Vasily Vasilievich Golitsyn was a Russian commander, nobleman and governor. Golitsyn was a prominent figure during the Time of Troubles between 1587 and 1613.
The Zemsky Sobor of 1613 was a meeting of representatives of the Estates of the realm of the Tsardom of Russia, held for the election of Tsar after the expulsion of the Polish-Lithuanian Occupiers at the end of the Time of Troubles. It was opened on 16 January 1613 in the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. On 3 March 1613, the Sobor elected Mikhail Romanov as Tsar, establishing the House of Romanov as the new Russian monarchs. The coronation of Michael I is widely considered to be the end of the time of troubles.
Wigund-Jeronym Trubecki or Yuri Nikitich Trubetsky as he was called earlier in Muscovy was the Prince of Trubetsk from 1611 to 1634, preceded by Symeon Iwanowicz Perski Trubecki, succeeded by Piotr Trubecki, and Aleksander Trubecki. Yuri Nikitich Trubetsky was also a boyar and equestrian of False Dmitry II. After emigrating to Poland, and restoring The Principality of Trubetsk, he converted to Catholicism, and took the name Wigund-Jeronym Trubecki.
Godunov is a Russian historical drama television series created by Ilya Tikin and Nikolay Borisov, directed by Alexei Andrianov and Timur Alpatov. The first season premiered from November 5 to November 8, 2018 on the "Russia-1" national TV channel. The second season premiered from March 25 to March 29, 2019.