Romania's political framework is a semi-presidential representative democratic republic where the Prime Minister is the head of government while the President,according to the constitution,has a more symbolic role,is responsible for the foreign policy,signs certain decrees,approves laws promulgated by the parliament,and nominates the head of government. Romania has a democratic,multi-party system,with legislative power vested in the government and the two chambers of the Parliament,more specifically the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. From 1948 until 1989,the communist rule political structure took place in the framework of a one-party socialist republic governed by the Romanian Communist Party (PCR) as its only legal party.
The National Liberal Party is a Christian-democratic and socially conservative political party in Romania. Re-founded in mid January 1990,shortly after the Revolution of 1989 which culminated in the fall of communism in Romania,it claims the legacy of the major political party of the same name,active between 1875 and 1947 in the Kingdom of Romania. Based on this historical legacy,it often presents itself as the first formally constituted political party in the country and the oldest of its kind from the family of European liberal parties as well.
The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament. It has 330 total seats to which deputies are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation to serve four-year terms. Additionally,the organisation of each national ethnic minority is entitled to a seat in the Chamber.
Parliamentary elections were held in Romania on 30 November 2008. The Democratic Liberal Party (PDL) won three more seats than PSD in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate,although the alliance headed by the Social Democratic Party (PSD) won more votes and a fractionally higher vote share. The two parties subsequently formed a governing coalition with Emil Boc of the PDL as Prime Minister.
The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats was a minor nominally liberal political party in Romania which was officially absorbed in its entirety by the National Liberal Party (PNL),from which it initially seceded in 2015,during late March 2022. Throughout its relatively short political history,it was mostly associated with the Social Democratic Party (PSD) at governance,firstly between 2014 and 2015 and the once more for the last time between 2017 and 2019.
The Save Romania Union is a centre to centre-right political party in Romania. It is currently the third largest party in the Parliament of Romania with 41 deputies and 20 senators,and a fifth at local level nationwide,after the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) and the People's Movement Party (PMP),two smaller centre-right political parties in the country.
Parliamentary elections were held in Romania on 6 December 2020 to elect the 136 members of the Senate and the 330 constituent members of the Chamber of Deputies.
The 2024 European Parliament election in Romanian was held on 9 June 2024. This was the fifth European Parliament election to be held in Romania since the country's accession to the European Union in 2007 and the first since Brexit.
Florin Vasile Cîțu is a Romanian politician who served as Prime Minister of Romania between December 2020 and November 2021. Sometimes labeled as Romania's first libertarian Prime Minister,he was also the leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL) between September 2021 and April 2022.
Nicolae Ionel Ciucă is a Romanian politician and retired general of the Romanian Land Forces who is serving as the president of the Senate of Romania. Ideologically a conservative,he served as Prime Minister of Romania between 25 November 2021 and 12 June 2023 after receiving widespread parliamentary support on behalf of his own party,the National Liberal Party (PNL) along with the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ). Since 10 April 2022,he has also been serving as the president of the National Liberal Party (PNL). On 12 June 2023,he resigned as Prime Minister,being temporarily replaced by Cătălin Predoiu.
The Cîțu Cabinet was the 131st government of Romania,led by the national liberal (PNL) Prime Minister Florin Cîțu. It was removed from office after a motion of no confidence passed by the Parliament with a record of 281 votes,the largest number of votes on a motion of no confidence since the Romanian Revolution.
Events from the year 2021 in Romania.
Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held in Romania on 1 December 2024.
Presidential elections will be held in Romania on 24 November 2024. A second round will be held on 8 December 2024 if no candidate receives an absolute majority of the vote. They will be the ninth presidential elections held in post-1989 Romania. As the Romanian Constitution allows a maximum of two presidential terms,incumbent President of Romania Klaus Iohannis,first elected in 2014 and then re-elected in 2019,is not eligible for re-election. His second term will formally end in December 2024.
A political crisis began on 1 September 2021 in Romania,engulfing both major coalition partners of the Cîțu Cabinet,namely the conservative-liberal National Liberal Party (PNL) and the progressive-liberal Save Romania Union (USR). The crisis also involved former prime minister Ludovic Orban (PNL),who was set to face Prime Minister Florin Cîțu (PNL) in a leadership election during the party congress on 25 September,with the latter eventually replacing the former. Orban would eventually resign from his position as President of the Chamber of Deputies,with him and his supporters subsequently splitting from the PNL,in order to form the Force of the Right (FD).
Local elections were held in Romania on 9 June 2024. They were the eighth post-1989 local elections in the country. The previous Romanian local elections in 2020 were won by the National Liberal Party (PNL),even though the Social Democratic Party (PSD) came in with significantly more County Council Presidents and mayors than the National Liberals.
Force of the Right,sometimes translated as Right's Force or Right Force,is a liberal-conservative political party in Romania founded in December 2021 by Ludovic Orban,former National Liberal Party (PNL) president and former Prime Minister of Romania between 2019 and 2020,in opposition to the current leadership of the PNL which is currently officially led by Nicolae Ciucăand unofficially by Klaus Iohannis.
The CiucăCabinet was the 132nd government of Romania led by former Romanian Land Forces army general Nicolae Ciucăfrom 25 November 2021 to 12 June 2023.
The National Coalition for Romania,initially referred to as the Coalition for Resilience,Development and Prosperity,is a big tent grand coalition in Romania,which includes the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the National Liberal Party (PNL). In addition,this grand coalition supports the presidency of Klaus Iohannis. The CNR also included the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) until its withdrawal from the coalition in June 2023.
The 2020–2024 legislature of the Romanian Parliament is the current legislature of the Parliament of Romania,elected on 6 December 2020. In the said election,no party won an outright majority,but the Social Democratic Party (PSD) remained the largest political force in the parliament,in opposition however. The National Liberal Party (PNL),the Save Romania Union (USR),and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) formed a coalition government. The USR ran within a political alliance it established with a smaller party,more specifically the Freedom,Unity and Solidarity Party (PLUS),which was eventually absorbed by the former. The Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) entered parliament starting this legislature with an unexpected high score,gaining more popularity ever since.
