Simpel-Fonetik is a system of English-language spelling reform that simplifies the reading, writing, and pronunciation of words in English. It was created by Allan Kiisk, a multilingual (English, German, Latin, and Estonian) professor of engineering. [1]
Based on phonetic languages including Estonian, [2] Finnish, and Hawaiian, it removes common difficulties of learning to communicate in English by correlating one unique letter per sound and one sound per letter.
Simpel-Fonetik writing is based on the following principles:
The Simpel-Fonetik alphabet is based on the Latin script, with the addition of three letters with diacritics: ä, ö, and ü (with umlaut). The alphabet does not include the letters c, q, x, or y, which are only used when writing unassimilated foreign terms or proper names.
The 25-letter alphabet is: [3] [4]
Letter-glyph | Example usage | IPA |
---|---|---|
Vowels and semivowels | ||
A | kap (cup) | ʌ |
Ä | hät (hat) | æ |
E | end | e |
I | fit | ɪ |
J | fjord | j |
O | on | ɒ |
Ö | pörtöörb (perturb) | ə |
U | fut (foot), fuud (food) | ʊ |
Ü | übör (über) | y |
W | win | w |
Consonants | ||
B | big | b |
D | dog | d |
F | left | f |
G | golf | g |
H | help | h |
K | kilo | k |
L | leg | l |
M | lemon | m |
N | tenant | n |
P | pet | p |
R | risk | r |
S | send | s |
T | tent | t |
V | vivid | v |
Z | zuu (zoo) | z |
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A diacritic is a glyph added to a letter or to a basic glyph. The term derives from the Ancient Greek διακριτικός, from διακρίνω. The word diacritic is a noun, though it is sometimes used in an attributive sense, whereas diacritical is only an adjective. Some diacritics, such as the acute ⟨á⟩, grave ⟨à⟩, and circumflex ⟨â⟩, are often called accents. Diacritics may appear above or below a letter or in some other position such as within the letter or between two letters.
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A phonemic orthography is an orthography in which the graphemes correspond to the language's phonemes. Natural languages rarely have perfectly phonemic orthographies; a high degree of grapheme–phoneme correspondence can be expected in orthographies based on alphabetic writing systems, but they differ in how complete this correspondence is. English orthography, for example, is alphabetic but highly nonphonemic; it was once mostly phonemic during the Middle English stage, when the modern spellings originated, but spoken English changed rapidly while the orthography was much more stable, resulting in the modern nonphonemic situation. On the contrary the Albanian, Serbian/Croatian/Bosnian/Montenegrin, Romanian, Italian, Turkish, Spanish, Finnish, Czech, Latvian, Esperanto, Korean and Swahili orthographic systems come much closer to being consistent phonemic representations.
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