Single-particle spectrum

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The single-particle spectrum is a distribution of a physical quantity such as energy or momentum.

In formal Quantum field theory, a single-particle spectrum is defined as: "the spectrum of the operators of H, P on the space B." [1]

The study of particle spectra allows us to visualize the global picture of particle production. [2] This is especially helpful for visualizing the structure of nanoparticles. [3]

The existence of a "non-smooth" single-particle spectrum is a piece of evidence (proof) that the Fermi level exists. [4]

The spectrum are particles that are in space: "the single particle spectrum overlaps ... and the excitations of the electron gas becomes a particle." [5] This process uses Raman spectroscopy, developed by Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman. [3]

References

  1. ↑ Schwarz, Albert (2020). Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Field Theory . Retrieved June 4, 2025.
  2. ↑ Suess, David Townsend (2002). Single Particle Mass Spectrometry Combustion Source Characterization and Atmospheric Apportionment of Vehicular, Coal and Biofuel Exhaust Emissions. The University of California at Riverside. pp. 18–19. Retrieved June 4, 2025.
  3. 1 2 Penders, Jelle; Pence, Isaac J. (2018). "Single Particle Automated Raman Trapping Analysis". Nature Communications. 9 (4256). Retrieved June 4, 2025.
  4. ↑ Wong, Samuel S. M. (2024). Introductory Nuclear Physics. Wiley. p. 240. ISBN   9783527414451 . Retrieved June 4, 2025.
  5. ↑ Madelung, O. (1969). Festkorper Probleme: Advances in Solid State Physics, Volume 9. Elsevier Science. p. 85. Retrieved June 4, 2025.
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