A wilderness area is a region where the land is in a natural state; where impacts from human activities are minimal—that is, as a wilderness. It might also be called a wild or natural area. Especially in wealthier, industrialized nations, it has a specific legal meaning as well: as land where development is prohibited by law. Many nations have designated wilderness areas, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and the United States.
Strict nature reserves are specific areas in Finland which have been established for scientific reasons. Their primary purpose is the conservation of nature and research. The regulations for the nature reserves are much stricter than those for the national parks of Finland. It is usually not permitted to travel inside the areas, although some areas have trails open for the public. The strict nature reserves cover a total area of 1,530 km².
The protected areas of Finland include national parks, nature reserves and other areas, with a purpose of conserving areas of all of Finland's ecosystems and biotopes.
The wilderness areas of Finland are remote areas which are not strictly nature reserves. The areas were set up in 1991 to preserve their wilderness character, the Sami culture and their natural form of livelihood. There are 12 such areas, all of which are located in northern Lapland. The reserves cover an area of 14,890 square kilometres (5,750 sq mi). All the reserves are managed by the Metsähallitus.
Metsähallitus (Finnish) is a state-owned enterprise in Finland that exceptionally uses a Finnish name in English.
Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve is a nature reserve located near the western coast of Madagascar in Melaky Region at 18°40′S44°45′E. The area was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1990 due to the unique geography, preserved mangrove forests, and wild bird and lemur populations.
Kivach Nature Reserve is a Russian 'zapovednik' established in 1931 to study and protect taiga of the Republic of Karelia. The site includes the famous 10.7 meter Kivach waterfall on the Suna River. The reserve is situated about 20 km northwest of the town of Kondopoga in the Kondopozhsky District. It covers an area of 10,880 ha (42.0 sq mi).
Ulvinsalo Strict Nature Reserve is a strict nature reserve located in the Kainuu region of Finland. Wild Forest Reindeer has been living here for most of the history. There is a trail in the park, but using it to requires a permit.
Paljakka Strict Nature Reserve is a strict nature reserve located in the Kainuu region of Finland. It consists of old, high spruce forest, where the highest trees can reach 40 metres (130 ft). Finland's only orchid species, Cypripedium calceolus, grows in the Paljakka reserve.
Häädetkeidas Strict Nature Reserve is a strict nature reserve located in the Pirkanmaa and Satakunta regions of Finland. This thick, ancient forest and swamp reserve is inaccessible to public. Brown bears and beavers make up some the animal population here and nearby regions.
Runkaus Strict Nature Reserve is a strict nature reserve located in Lapland, Finland. This flat wetland and forest reserve has no trails as they would likely disappear during the next spring.
Pisavaara Strict Nature Reserve is a strict nature reserve located in Lapland, Finland. This varied reserve includes the southernmost arctic biotope in Finland, as well as totally unmanaged forests of both southern and northern Finnish types. There is no public access.
Salamanperä Strict Nature Reserve is home to Wolverine and Finnish Forest Reindeer, and it is said that wolves can be heard while in the nature reserve. It has a trail, but the distance of the trail is unknown as of now. This nature reserve is connected to Salamajärvi National Park and is a strict nature reserve. It is located in the Central Finland region of Finland.
Karkali Strict Nature Reserve is a strict nature reserve located in the Uusimaa region of Finland. This small reserve protects a lush deciduous forest more commonly found in central Europe.
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe is a transnational composite nature UNESCO World Heritage site, encompassing forests in 12 European countries.
Lapland Nature Reserve is a Russian 'zapovednik' in Murmansk Oblast, Russia, above the Arctic Circle. Officially established in 1957, the reserve protects an area of 2,784 km2 (1,075 sq mi) to the northwest of Lake Imandra, including 86 km² of inland water. The terrain is mountainous tundra and northern taiga. Since 1985 the zapovednik has been designated by UNESCO as a biosphere reserve.
Protected areas of Sri Lanka are administrated by Department of Forest Conservation and Department of Wildlife Conservation of Sri Lanka.There are 501 protected areas in Sri Lanka. The protected areas falls under supervision Department of Forest Conservation include forests defined in National Heritage Wilderness Area Act in 1988, forest reservations and forests manage for sustainability. World heritage site, Sinharaja Forest Reserve is an example for a National Heritage forest. There are 32 forests categorized as conservation forests including Knuckles Mountain Range. Strict nature reserves, national parks, nature reserves, forest corridors and sanctuaries recognized under the Flora and Fauna Protection Ordinance are managed by Department of Wildlife Conservation. Total of all categories of areas protected is 1,767,000 ha. Protected areas in Sri Lanka accounts for 26.5 percent of total area. This is a higher percentage of protected areas than in all of Asia and much of the World.
A strict nature reserve or wilderness area is the highest category of protected area recognised by the World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA), a body which is part of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). These category I areas are the most stringently protected natural landscapes.
Nurgush Nature Reserve is a Russian 'zapovednik' One of the few intact forest landscapes of Northern European Russia, virtually untouched by human activities. It is designed to protect the floodplain complexes of the Vyatka River, numerous lakes and coniferous-deciduous forests. The reserved is situated in the Kotelnichsky District of Kirov Oblast. The reserve was created in 1994, but has been a protected area since at least 1952 when it was organized as a beaver reserve; it covers an area of 5,918 ha (22.85 sq mi).
Kostomuksha Nature Reserve is a Russian 'zapovednik' of forests, lakes, rivers and wetlands on the border of Russian and Finland. It was created in 1983, along with other protected areas, in part to mitigate the impact of the Karelskiy Okatysh mine outside of the town of Kostomuksha, one of the largest iron ore reserves in Russia, and also to protect the forest from increase commercial logging in the area. A further scientific purpose is the protection of forest reindeer and a type of landlocked salmon. The reserve is part of a transboundary reserve complex with reserves in Finland to the west, and is situated in the Kalevalsky District and Muyezersky District of the Republic of Karelia, about 500 km north of St. Petersburg and 500 km west of Arkhangelsk. The reserve was created in 1993, and covers an area of 47,569 ha (183.66 sq mi).
