Smolyan Point

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Location of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands. Livingston-Island-location-map.png
Location of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands.
Smolyan Point from Bulgarian Beach, with Emona Anchorage in the foreground and Pimpirev Glacier in the background. Smolyan-Livingston.jpg
Smolyan Point from Bulgarian Beach, with Emona Anchorage in the foreground and Pimpirev Glacier in the background.
Topographic map of central-eastern Livingston Island featuring Smolyan Point. Central-Eastern-Livingston-Map.png
Topographic map of central-eastern Livingston Island featuring Smolyan Point.
Topographic map of Livingston Island, Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Livingston-Island-Map-2010.jpg
Topographic map of Livingston Island, Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands.

Smolyan Point (Nos Smolyan \'nos 'smo-lyan\) is located on the north-western coast of South Bay, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica forming the northwest side of the entrance to Emona Anchorage. The ice-covered point shows conspicuous radial crevasses spreading inland and ends up with a 25 m wide and 4 m high rock. The feature was formed as a result of Pimpirev Glacier's retreat in the late 20th century.

Livingston Island Island of the South Shetland Islands

Livingston Island is an Antarctic island in the South Shetland Islands, Western Antarctica lying between Greenwich Island and Snow Islands. This island was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, and the name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.

South Shetland Islands A group of islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula

The South Shetland Islands are a group of Antarctic islands with a total area of 3,687 square kilometres (1,424 sq mi). They lie about 120 kilometres (75 mi) north of the Antarctic Peninsula, and between 430 kilometres (270 mi) to 900 kilometres (560 mi) south-west from the nearest point of the South Orkney Islands. By the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, the islands' sovereignty is neither recognized nor disputed by the signatories and they are free for use by any signatory for non-military purposes.

Antarctica Polar continent in the Earths southern hemisphere

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent. It contains the geographic South Pole and is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14,000,000 square kilometres, it is the fifth-largest continent. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages 1.9 km in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.

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Smolyan is the name of a town in the Rhodope Mountains in southern Bulgaria.

Smolyan Place in Bulgaria

Smolyan is a town and ski resort in the far south of Bulgaria near the border with Greece. It is the administrative and industrial centre of the homonymous Smolyan Province. The town is situated in the valley of the Cherna ("Black") and the Byala ("White") Rivers in the central Rhodopes at the foot of the mountains' highest part south of the popular ski resorts Pamporovo and Chepelare. As of February 2011, it has a population of 30,283 inhabitants.

Rhodope Mountains mountain range in Southeastern Europe

The Rhodopes are a mountain range in Southeastern Europe, with over 83% of its area in southern Bulgaria and the remainder in Greece. Golyam Perelik is its highest peak at 2,191 meters (7,188 ft). The mountain range gives its name to the terrestrial ecoregion Rodope montane mixed forests that belongs in the Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests Biome and the Palearctic ecozone. The region is particularly notable for its karst areas with their deep river gorges, large caves and specific sculptured forms, such as the Trigrad Gorge.

Bulgaria country in Southeast Europe

Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.

Location

The point is located at 62°37′27.7″S60°25′57″W / 62.624361°S 60.43250°W / -62.624361; -60.43250 Coordinates: 62°37′27.7″S60°25′57″W / 62.624361°S 60.43250°W / -62.624361; -60.43250 , which is 1.86 km east-northeast of Ereby Point and 3.7 km northwest of Hespérides Point. (Bulgarian mapping in 1996, 2005 and 2009 from a 1995/96 Bulgarian topographic survey).

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

Ereby Point

Ereby Point is a point lying 4.5 miles (7.2 km) east-northeast of Hannah Point along the north side of South Bay, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The name "Erebys Bay" was applied to South Bay on an 1825 chart by James Weddell, "Ereby Point" was applied by the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee in 1961 in order to preserve Weddell's name in the area.

Hespérides Point

Hespérides Point is a rocky point of land projecting into South Bay north-northwest of Johnsons Dock, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and forming the southwest side of the entrance to Emona Anchorage. Surmounted by Hesperides Hill. The area was visited by 19th century sealers operating from nearby Johnsons Dock.

Maps

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Amadok Point

Amadok Point is a point on the south coast of Livingston Island, Antarctica which projects 400 m into the Bransfield Strait. The point was named after the Thracian King Amadokos, 415-384 BC. It is snow-free in the summer.

Bezmer Point

Bezmer Point is on the northwest coast of the Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The point is situated 9.6 km east-northeast of Siddins Point and 3 km southwest of Kotis Point and 4.9 km west-southwest of Miziya Peak. The feature was named after the settlement of Bezmer in Southeastern Bulgaria, in association with the Bulgarian ruler Khan Bezmer.

Emona Anchorage

Emona Anchorage is a roughly square embayment, the internal part of South Bay, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica used as an anchorage for ships visiting the Bulgarian base St. Kliment Ohridski.

Kotis Point

Kotis Point is a point on the northwest coast of Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica forming the south side of the entrance to Eliseyna Cove. The point is featuring a conspicuous rock at its tip, situated 3 km northeast of Bezmer Point, 6.6 km southwest of Williams Point and 12.6 km east-northeast of Siddins Point. It was named after the Thracian King Kotis I, 384-359 BC.

Pimpirev Beach

Pimpirev Beach is the portion of the northwest coast of South Bay, Livingston Island, Antarctica bounded to the southwest by Ereby Point and to the northeast by the north corner of the bay marked by an ice sea cave located 5.8 km east-northeast of Ereby Point and 1.45 km northwest of Aleko Point.

Pimpirev Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Pimpirev Glacier on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is situated south of the glacial divide between the Drake Passage and Bransfield Strait, southeast of Tundzha Glacier, southwest of Saedinenie Snowfield, west of Perunika Glacier and east-northeast of Kamchiya Glacier. The feature extends 5.5 km in a southeast-northwest direction, and 1.8 km in northwest-southeast direction. The glacier drains southeastwards towards Pimpirev Beach, mostly terminating on the shore, and on several occasions penetrating the South Bay waters east-northeast of Ereby Point.

Pomorie Point

Pomorie Point is a point on the coast of McFarlane Strait forming the north side of the entrance to Lister Cove, Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

Rongel Point

Rongel Point is an ice-free tipped cape forming the east-northeast side of the entrance to the 710 m wide nameless cove indenting for 250 m the coast behind Rongel Reef on Livingston Island, Antarctica.

Sandanski Point

Sandanski Point is the point forming the north side of the entrance to Stoyanov Cove on the east coast of Ioannes Paulus II Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, projecting 600 m into Hero Bay and formed by an offshoot of Oryahovo Heights.

Spanish Point (Antarctica)

Spanish Point is located on Bulgarian Beach on Hurd Peninsula, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica formed by an offshoot of Spanish Knoll.

Varna Peninsula

Varna Peninsula is a roughly rectangular predominantly ice-covered peninsula forming the northeast extremity of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is bounded by Hero Bay to the northwest, by Moon Bay to the southeast, and by McFarlane Strait to the northeast.

Avitohol Point

Avitohol Point is a point on the north coast of Livingston Island, Antarctica projecting 1.15 km into Hero Bay to form the west side of the entrance to Skravena Cove and the southeast side of the entrance to Prisoe Cove. The point is named after the legendary Khan Avitohol listed in the 8th Century ‘Nominalia of the Bulgarian Khans’, who laid the foundations of the Bulgarian statehood in Europe in 165 AD.

Sigritsa Point

Sigritsa Point is an ice-free point on the northeast coast of Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica forming the northwest side of the entrance to Dragon Cove. The area was visited by 19th century sealers.

Elemag Point

Elemag Point is a point on the coast of Moon Bay in Livingston Island, Antarctica situated 6.75 km south-southwest of Edinburgh Hill, 1.76 km southeast of Sindel Point, 3.05 km east of Sliven Peak, 2.05 km northeast of Zlatograd Rock, and 5,57 km northwest of Rila Point. Separates the glacier termini of Struma Glacier to the north and Huron Glacier to the south. Bulgarian topographic survey Tangra 2004/05.

Ballester Point

Ballester Point is a point forming the south side of the entrance to Johnsons Dock and the northeast side of the entrance to Española Cove in Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers operating from Johnsons Dock.

Bilyar Point

Bilyar Point is a rounded ice-free point on Ivanov Beach in western Livingston Island, the South Shetland Islands in Antarctica projecting 350 m into Barclay Bay. Situated 3 km southwest of Rowe Point, northwest of Rotch Dome, 1.7 km northeast of Nedelya Point and 4.5 km east-northeast of Lair Point.

Yana Point

Yana Point is the point forming the west side of the entrance to Bruix Cove in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The point separates the glacier termini of Huron Glacier to the northwest and Iskar Glacier to the southeast. The feature is named after the settlement of Yana in western Bulgaria.

Raquelia Rocks

Raquelia Rocks is a group of three adjacent rocks in eastern South Bay, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica formed by an offshoot of Atlantic Club Ridge halfway along the Zodiac boat route linking the Spanish Antarctic Base and the Bulgarian Antarctic Base on the island. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers operating from nearby Johnsons Dock.

Yasen Point

Yasen Point is the sharp, rocky point on the south coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, forming the west side of the entrance to Mateev Cove. Situated on the east side of the small ice-free promontory ending in Hannah Point to the west.

References

Antarctic Place-names Commission

The Antarctic Place-names Commission was established by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute in 1994, and since 2001 has been a body affiliated with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.


This article includes information from the Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria which is used with permission.