The Society of Saint Margaret (SSM) is an order of women in the Anglican Church. The religious order is active in England, Haiti, Sri Lanka, and the United States and formerly Scotland.
The Society of Saint Margaret (SSM) is an order of women in the Anglican Church. The religious order is active in England, Haiti, Sri Lanka, and the United States and formerly Scotland.
The Sisters of St Margaret were founded in 1855 by the Reverend John Mason Neale at Rotherfield, England. [1] The society had a difficult start. Many Anglicans in the mid-19th century were suspicious of anything suggestive of Roman Catholicism. In 1857, the founder, J. M. Neale, and some of the Sisters were manhandled in Lewes at the funeral of Sister Amy Scobell (Amy was the name she assumed on her entry to the Convent; she was baptised Emily Ann Elizabeth). However, Neale eventually won the confidence of many who had fiercely opposed the order.
As their numbers increased, they moved first to Church Lane, next to Sackville College (where Neale was Warden), with a chapel designed by George Frederick Bodley. By 1865, the foundation stone of their purpose-built convent, designed by George Edmund Street, known as Saint Margaret's, East Grinstead, Sussex, [2] was laid with the convent opening on 20 July 1870. The range of buildings was completed in phases, with the chapel's foundation stone laid in 1879, being opened, along with the infirmary, on 26 July 1883. With the closure of the school in 1976, much of the large range of convent buildings (listed as Grade II* in 1972, revised to Grade I listing in 1981 [3] ) became redundant. The Society of St Margaret, East Grinstead, had by then established a new convent (foundation stone laid on 10 January 1974 [4] ) and, by the end of 1976, the old convent buildings had been purchased by Moor House Estates and subsequently converted into residential units.
The Society began its overseas activities in 1873 in Boston, Massachusetts (see SSM, Duxbury below), with a House opening in Colombo, Ceylon in 1887 (see SSM Colombo below) and Johannesburg, South Africa in 1898. In the UK, the Society opened a home for "delicate children" in Ventnor, Isle of Wight in 1879, a nursing home at 29 North Side, Clapham Common (known as the Hostel of God [5] ) in 1896 (the building now part of Royal Trinity Hospice, Clapham), and a daughter convent at Chiswick in 1910 (see SSM Chiswick below). Independent convents of the society were established in Aberdeen (1863) and Haggerston (1866), with the Priory of Our Lady, Walsingham opening in 1955.
St Margaret's, East Grinstead, had a total of 201 inhabitants in 1881: 57 staff, six "Industrial Girl scholars", 69 "Orphanage scholars", and 60 "St Agnes School scholars". [2] The 66 staff were made up of: 42 "Sisters of Mercy", four "Teachers in St Agnes School", 10 servants, and a chaplain, Laughton Alison; [6] the remaining inhabitants were the gardener's family and a few visitors. [2] The Convent thus already included both Sisters and teachers, and the people cared for included orphans, poor "industrial" girls and schoolgirls from wealthier families.
In 1891, St Margaret's, East Grinstead had 205 inhabitants. The pupils were now divided into: 20 girls in "Training for domestic service"; 57 "Pupils in Ladies School"; 61 "Scholars in Orphanage School" aged between 3 and 16. There were also seven orphans aged 15 or 16 "Training for service". There were 42 "Sisters of Charity", four teachers and a needlewoman "in Ladies' School", two "Caretakers in Orphanage", and two "Teachers in Day School" - the Ladies' School was for boarders. [2]
Photographs show "St Margaret's Convent" at Moat Road until 1936, and the Orphanage at Moat Road until 1910 (when the photograph shows the orphans in white sleeveless smocks with hoods, worn over darker dresses). [2]
The rapid growth of the order led to the development of a series of autonomous convents and priories within the SSM, originally under the direction of the Founder. While all such autonomous houses practise the same SSM Rule of life, and recognise each other as a single order, each house elects its own Mother Superior, and is independent in its work and decision-making. Since the death of Neale, there has been no single figure with authority across the order. Several of these autonomous convents have dependent priories, which are smaller units of the order, not having autonomous status, but whose sisters are under the authority of the Mother Superior of the 'parent' autonomous convent.
St Margaret's Convent, Duxbury, is an autonomous house of the order, with its convent located at Duxbury, Massachusetts. This house has outreach ministries to schools, prisons, homeless shelters, and a number of local parish churches. The sisters were historically based in their convent in Boston, Massachusetts, whilst Duxbury was a dependent priory. However, following re-organisation, St Margaret's Convent on Highland Park Street, Roxbury, Boston, was vacated and made available for sale. [7] In 2012 the property, including William Lloyd Garrison House, was purchased by Emmanuel College, which operates its Notre Dame campus there. [8]
Duxbury is now the chief convent of the community, although a small branch house is retained in Boston, as well as houses in New York and Haiti. Sisters are part of the pastoral care team at Trinity Church in Manhattan. [9] Sister Joan Margaret, known for her work with disabled children in Haiti, was a member of this community. [10]
There are dependent priories at:
St Saviour's Priory, Haggerston, Hackney, is an autonomous house of the order, located in the East End of London. In 1866 a small group of sisters went to Haggerston to establish a daughter house. It was led by Mother Kate from 1868 until shortly before her death in 1923. [11] The sisters have a ministry amongst marginalised groups, the homeless, alcoholics, and racial minority groups. Some sisters are involved in parish work. It was operating in 2023. [12]
St Mary's Convent, Chiswick (in west London) was formerly a dependent daughter house of the large autonomous SSM house in Uckfield (St Margaret's Convent, Hooke Hall, Uckfield, East Sussex). The order was originally dedicated to nursing the sick, and at Chiswick the Uckfield sisters went on caring for elderly women in a nursing home, and maintained a guest house. In 2015 St Margaret's Convent was closed, and most of the sisters relocated to the Chiswick daughter house, which has now become their mother house. Mother Jennifer Anne was commissioned as Reverend Mother on 2 March 2015. At Chiswick the sisters still operate the nursing home. [13] A small daughter house has been retained in Uckfield.
In 1896, the Order of St Mary and St John built what is now St Mary's Convent and Nursing Home on Burlington Lane, Old Chiswick. At its core is an Arts and Crafts Gothic building by the architect Charles Ford Whitcombe. Its chapel has a small square tower with a weather vane atop a slender conical spire; inside the chapel is a classical reredos, ceiling paintings by George Ostrehan, and a tapestry panel by Morris & Co. [14] The convent and hospital is Grade II listed. [15]
There is a dependent daughter house at:
St Margaret's Convent, Polwatte, Colombo, is a semi-autonomous house of the order. Technically still attached to the Uckfield sisters as a daughter priory, it is in the process of gaining independence. Sister Chandrani SSM is the local Sister Superior in Sri Lanka.
In 1887, three sisters from St Margaret's Convent in East Grinstead went to Ceylon on missionary work. After a short while, they established their convent in Polwatte, Kollupitiya. For many years they ran Bishop's College, Colombo. [16]
The Sisters run a retreat house, a children's home (mainly for those orphaned in the civil strife), a hostel for young women, a home for elderly people, and are involved in parish work and church embroidery. [17]
There is a dependent priory (and children's home) at:
In 1947 three Sisters from the house in Haggerston moved to Walsingham in Norfolk to help at the Anglican Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham. [18] The Priory of Our Lady, Walsingham, was founded in 1955 as a daughter priory, and gained independence as an autonomous house of the order in 1994. The superior is Sister Mary Angela SSM. The sisters welcome guests and work in the Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham; they are also involved in educational work. [19]
Three sisters left the Church of England in 2010 to join the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham within the Roman Catholic Church. [20]
In 1862 the order began operating in Aberdeen. Initially the convent operated from a house in Affleck Place, then from one on the Gallowgate. They moved to the Spital in 1882. Plans for a convent there, designed by Ninian Comper, were approved in 1891 and the building was completed in 1898. [21] [22] The buildings are listed as Category A by Historic Environment Scotland. [23]
| Mothers Superior, Aberdeen [21] | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1863 | 1867 | Mother Christina |
| 1867 | 1878 | Mother Trevor (transferred to Boston, 1881, and later left community) |
| 1878 | 1919 | Mother Annis Mary (died 1919) |
| 1919 | 1932 | Mother Katharine Mary (Helen Katharine Ogilvie) (died 1932) |
| 1932 | 1935 | Mother Margaret Anne (died 1941) |
| 1935 | 1965 | Mother Mary Constance (died 1969) |
| 1965 | 2002 | Mother Verity Margaret ( née Campbell) (died 2002) |
The Episcopal Church in Gallowgate, Aberdeen, retains its dedication to Saint Margaret of Scotland and celebrates its historical ties to a convent of the order. [24]
In 2002 the last Reverend Mother (Mother Verity Margaret SSM) died, leaving just two sisters. One transferred to Walsingham. In 2006, as there was only one sister remaining, the Diocese of Aberdeen and Orkney resolved to sell the convent buildings and the adjacent diocesan office which had for some time been unsuitable for purpose. [21] Sister Columba (born Margaret Stewart, daughter of W. A. Stewart), was rehoused and negotiations regarding the sale of the building began. Sister Columba operated a chapel from a house on Cattofield Place, Aberdeen from 2006 to 2022. [25] Sister Columba, who had moved to a local nursing home in autumn 2022, died on Holy Saturday (8 April) 2023, aged 96. [26] The records of the Aberdeen convent are held by Aberdeen City and Aberdeenshire Archives. [27]
Walsingham is a civil parish in North Norfolk, England, famous for its religious shrines in honour of Mary, mother of Jesus. It also contains the ruins of two medieval monastic houses. Walsingham is 27 miles northwest of Norwich.
Our Lady of Walsingham is a title of Mary, mother of Jesus venerated by Catholics and High Church Anglicans associated with the Marian apparitions to Richeldis de Faverches, a pious English noblewoman, in 1061 in the village of Walsingham in Norfolk, England. Lady Richeldis had a structure built named "The Holy House" in Walsingham which later became a shrine and place of pilgrimage.
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The Monastery of the Visitation, Georgetown is a monastery of the Visitation Order in the District of Columbia, United States of America.
The Order of The Holy Paraclete (OHP) is an Anglican religious congregation. The community began in 1915, when it was founded by Margaret Cope (1886–1961) at the Mother House of St Hilda's Priory, Sneaton Castle, Whitby. A new priory was constructed in 2018 and Sneaton Castle was sold.
Robert Sackville, 2nd Earl of Dorset (1561–1609) was an English aristocrat and politician, with humanist and commercial interests.
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The Society of the Precious Blood is an Anglican religious order of contemplative sisters with convents in England, Lesotho and South Africa. The sisters follow the Rule of St Augustine.
The Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham in England and Wales is a personal ordinariate in the Latin Church of the Catholic Church immediately exempt, being directly subject to the Holy See. It is within the territory of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales, of which its ordinary is a member, and also encompasses Scotland. It was established on 15 January 2011 for groups of former Anglicans in England and Wales in accordance with the apostolic constitution Anglicanorum coetibus of Pope Benedict XVI, which was supplemented with the Complementary Norms of Pope Francis in 2013.
Former religious orders in the churches of the Anglican Communion are those communities of monks, nuns, friars, or sisters, having a common life and rule under vows, whose work has ended and whose community has been disbanded. In a very few cases this is due to the termination of the work for which the community was established, but in most cases it is due to amalgamation or the death of the final remaining member of the community.
The Anglican Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham is a Church of England shrine church built in 1938 in Walsingham, Norfolk, England. Walsingham is the site of the reputed Marian apparitions to Richeldis de Faverches in 1061. The Virgin Mary is therefore venerated at the shrine with the title of Our Lady of Walsingham.
The Sisterhood of the Holy Nativity (SHN) is an Anglican religious order for women founded in 1882 by Charles Chapman Grafton SSJE. Three sisters and six novices of the Society of St. Margaret (SSM), associated with the Cowley Fathers, left SSM in 1882 to establish the new order. Sister Ruth Margaret Vose (1826-1910) was its first mother superior. The order was incorporated in Wisconsin on May 29, 1921, and remains active in the Episcopal Diocese of Fond du Lac.
Katharine Anne Egerton Warburton, known as Mother Kate SSM, was a British Anglican nun and Mother Superior. She was elected Superior in Hackney after many of the Sisters left to become Roman Catholics.
