The Sogitec 4X was a digital audio workstation developed by Giuseppe di Giugno at IRCAM (Paris) in the 1980s. It was the last large hardware processor before the development of the ISPW. Later solutions combined control and audio processing in the same computer like Max/MSP. 4X built on the achievements of the earlier Halaphone, capable of timbre alteration and sound localization. [1]
Nicolas Schöffer was one of the first users to build his composition method [2] with this computer.
L'ordinateur nous permet de franchir une nouvelle étape quant à la définition et au codage des sons, et permet de créer des partitions qui dépassent en complexité et en précision les possibilités d'antan. LA METHODE DE COMPOSITION que je propose comporte plusieurs phases et nécessite l'emploi d'une terminologie simple que nous définirons au fur et à mesure : TRAMES, PAVES, BRIQUES et MODULES.
Michel Corrette was a French composer, organist and author of musical method books.
Heinrich Gottfried Ollendorff was a German grammarian and language educator, whose "modern method" of learning foreign languages came into vogue from the 1840s.
Clément Janequin was a French composer of the Renaissance. He was one of the most famous composers of popular chansons of the entire Renaissance, and along with Claudin de Sermisy, was hugely influential in the development of the Parisian chanson, especially the programmatic type. The wide spread of his fame was made possible by the concurrent development of music printing.
"Le Chant du départ" is a revolutionary and war song written by Étienne Méhul (music) and Marie-Joseph Chénier (words) in 1794. It was the official anthem of the French Empire, and it is currently the unofficial regional anthem of French Guiana and the presidential anthem of France.
The Solvay Institute of Sociology [SIS; Institut de Sociologie Solvay] assumed its first "definitive form" on November 16, 1902, when its founder Ernest Solvay, a wealthy Belgian chemist, industrialist, and philanthropist, inaugurated the original edifice of SIS in Parc Léopold. Under the guidance of its first director, Emile Waxweiler, SIS expressed a "conception of a sociology open to all of the disciplines of the human sciences: ethnology, of course, but also economics [...] and psycho-physiology, contact with which was facilitated by the proximity of the Institute of Physiology". While SIS is now part of the Université Libre de Bruxelles and known more simply as that university's Institute of Sociology [Institut de Sociologie], the approach instigated by Solvay and Waxweiler still serves as methodological framework: a synergy between basic and applied research involving interdisciplinary studies firmly anchored in social life.
Committee for Liquidation or Subversion of Computers was a French neo-Luddite anarchist organization that attacked computer and telecommunications companies in the early 1980s. The group was motivated by concerns over the growing ubiquity of telecommunications and potential misuse of computers by governments to strip freedoms from the general population. CLODO's targets were mainly located in Toulouse, France. CLODO carried out attacks in 1980 and 1983 with a two-year hiatus in-between; targets included: CII Honeywell Bull, International Computers Limited, and Sperry.
Edmond Couchot was a French digital artist and art theoretician who taught at the University Paris VIII.
Bruno Daniel Marie Paul Retailleau is a French politician who has presided over The Republicans group in the Senate since 2014. He has represented the Vendée department in the Senate since 2004. Retailleau also served as President of the General Council of Vendée from 2010 to 2015 and President of the Regional Council of Pays de la Loire from 2015 until 2017.
Jean Arfel, better known by his pen name Jean Madiran, was a French far-right nationalist and a traditionalist Catholic writer who was born in Libourne. He has also used the pen name Jean-Louis Lagor.
Joseph Raulin (1708–1784) was a French physician.
Philippe Monneret is a French linguist. He is Professor of Linguistics at University of Burgundy since 2004 and at Paris-Sorbonne University since 2015. In 2003, he founded Les Cahiers de Linguistique Analogique and created the field of analogical linguistics. He is a member of the editorial board of «Romanica Olomucensia».
Raphaël Michel Hamburger is a French producer and a soundtrack music supervisor.
Normand de Bellefeuille (born 31 December 1949, in Montreal) is a Quebecois poet, writer, literary critic, and essayist. He is a two-time winner of the Governor General's Award for French-language poetry, winning at the 2000 Governor General's Awards for La Marche de l'aveugle sans son chien and at the 2016 Governor General's Awards for Le poème est une maison de bord de mer.
Nicolas Lenglet Du Fresnoy was a French scholar, historian, geographer, philosopher and bibliographer of alchemy.
Michel Zink is a French writer, medievalist, philologist, and professor of French literature, particularly that of the Middle Ages. He is the Permanent Secretary of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, a title he has held since 2011, and was elected to the Académie française in 2017. In addition to his academic work, he has also written historical crime novels, one of which continues the story of Arsène Lupin.
Gilbert Garcin was a French photographer.
The Yehawmilk stele, de Clercq stele, or Byblos stele, also known as KAI 10 and CIS I 1, is a Phoenician inscription from c.450 BC found in Byblos at the end of Ernest Renan's Mission de Phénicie. Yehawmilk, king of Byblos, dedicated the stele to the city’s protective goddess Ba'alat Gebal.
The Neirab steles are two 8th-century BC steles with Aramaic inscriptions found in 1891 in Al-Nayrab near Aleppo, Syria. They are currently in the Louvre. They were discovered in 1891 and acquired by Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau for the Louvre on behalf of the Commission of the Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum. The steles are made of black basalt, and the inscriptions note that they were funerary steles. The inscriptions are known as KAI 225 and KAI 226.
Two motions of no confidence in the minority government of Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne were tabled on 17 March 2023 in the French National Assembly.
Révolution is a series of comic books by Florent Grouazel and Younn Locard dealing with the events of the French Revolution. The two authors are both writers and artists for the series. The series is planned to have 1000 pages.