The national flag of France is a tricolour featuring three vertical bands coloured blue, white, and red. It is known to English speakers as the Tricolour, although the flag of Ireland and others are also known as such. The design was adopted after the French Revolution, whose revolutionaries were influenced by the horizontally striped red-white-blue flag of the Netherlands. While not the first tricolour, it became one of the most influential flags in history. The tricolour scheme was later adopted by many other nations in Europe and elsewhere, and, according to the Encyclopædia Britannica has historically stood "in symbolic opposition to the autocratic and clericalist royal standards of the past".
Laura Flessel-Colovic is a French politician and épée fencer who served as Minister of Sports from 2017 to 2018. Born in Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, she has won the most Olympic medals of any French sportswoman, with five. Before 2007, she was a member of the Levallois Sporting Club Escrime, and now works with Lagardère Paris Racing. She is married and has one daughter.
Hélène Carrère d'Encausse was a French political historian who specialised in Russian history. From 1999 until her death in 2023, she served as the Perpetual Secretary of the Académie Française, to which she was first elected in 1990.
Valérie Anne Émilie Pécresse is a French politician who has been the President of the Regional Council of Île-de-France since 2015. A member of The Republicans, she previously served as Minister of Higher Education and Research from 2007 to 2011 and Minister of the Budget and Government Spokeswoman from 2011 to 2012 under Prime Minister François Fillon. Pécresse represented the 2nd constituency of Yvelines in the National Assembly from 2002 to 2007 and again from 2012 until 2016.
Philippe Joseph Martin was a French economist, lately professor of Economics at Sciences Po in Paris and dean of Sciences Po's public policy school, the School of Public Affairs. He served as the first chair of Sciences Po's Department of Economics from 2008 to 2013, and as the chair of the French government's Conseil d'Analyse Économique from 2018 to 2022. He was also Vice President and a research fellow at the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR).
Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron is a French politician who has been serving as the 25th president of France since 2017 and ex officio one of the two co-princes of Andorra. He previously was Minister of Economics, Industry and Digital Affairs under President François Hollande from 2014 to 2016 and Deputy Secretary-General to the President from 2012 to 2014. He has been a member of Renaissance since he founded it in 2016.
The Republicans is a liberal conservative political party in France, largely inspired by the tradition of Gaullism. The party was formed on 30 May 2015 as the re-incorporation of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), which had been established in 2002 under the leadership of then–President of France, Jacques Chirac.
Leïla Slimani is a French-Moroccan writer and journalist. She is also a French diplomat in her capacity as the personal representative of the French president Emmanuel Macron to the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. In 2016, she was awarded the Prix Goncourt for her novel Chanson douce.
Renaissance (RE) is a political party in France that is typically described as liberal and centrist. The party was originally known as En Marche ! (EM) and later La République En Marche !, before adopting its current name in September 2022. RE is the leading force of the centrist Ensemble coalition, coalesced around Emmanuel Macron's original presidential majority.
Mathieu Laine is a French entrepreneur and intellectual.
Brigitte Marie-Claude Macron is a French former teacher known for being the wife of Emmanuel Macron, the current president of France and co-prince of Andorra.
Pieyre-Alexandre Anglade is a French politician who has represented the 4th constituency for French residents overseas in the National Assembly since 2017. A member of Renaissance, his constituency comprises the Benelux.
Since Emmanuel Macron was elected President of France on 7 May 2017, a series of protests have been conducted by trade union activists, left-wing activists and right-wing activists in opposition to what protesters consider to be neoliberal policies and globalism, his support of state visits by certain world leaders, his positions on French labour law reform, as well as various comments or policy proposals he has made since assuming the presidency.
Noée Abita is a French actress.
Opinion polling on the presidency of Emmanuel Macron has been regularly conducted by French pollsters since the start of his five–year term. Public opinion on various issues has also been tracked.
Geneanet is a Paris-based genealogy website with 4 million members. Since 2021 it is a subsidiary of Ancestry, the largest genealogy company in the world. Its website consists of data added by registered participants and is available for free to any interested people. An optional annual subscription provides additional search options and additional records.
Maryam Petronin is a French-Swiss humanitarian aid worker and nutritionist. She is the founder and director of "Aide à Gao", a Swiss non-governmental relief organization that assists children suffering from malnutrition. While working in Gao in 2016, she was abducted by Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, the official branch of Al-Qaeda in Mali. Following her disappearance, the Ministère Public and the General Directorate for Internal Security opened an investigation. She appeared in multiple videos released by her captors, pleading for help from her son and from the French government. When she returned to France from her captivity, Pétronin converted to Islam and took the name Mariam. She was released in October 2020, alongside Malian opposition leader Soumaila Cisse and two Italian citizens, after being held hostage for 1,381 days. Pétronin revealed that Béatrice Stöckli, a Swiss Christian missionary who had been held hostage alongside her, was killed earlier that year by the terrorist organization.
Emmanuel Bonne is a French career diplomat who has served as diplomatic advisor to the President of France since 2019. During his tenure under Emmanuel Macron he has been playing a role in various matters such as the 45th G7 summit, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, negotiations following the incarceration of Fariba Adelkhah and Roland Marchal in Iran, Nord Stream 2 and the AUKUS pact, as well as in bilateral relations with various countries. A former ambassador, Bonne is a former political scientist specializing in issues of the Middle East.
Emmanuel Macron, the 25th president of France, positions himself as a liberal and a centrist. When he launched his party En Marche in April 2016, he said that it was "neither right nor left". By March 2017, Macron stated that he and his party were now "both right and left". Prior to the establishiment of En Marche, some observers described him as a social liberal, while others called him a social democrat, having been a member of the Socialist Party. During his time in the Socialist Party, he supported the party's centrist wing, whose political stance has been associated with Third Way policies advanced by Bill Clinton, Tony Blair, and Gerhard Schröder, and whose leading spokesman has been former prime minister Manuel Valls.
