Antigua and Barbuda is a sovereign archipelagic country composed of Antigua, Barbuda, and numerous other small islands. Antigua and Barbuda has a total area of 440 km2, making it one of the smallest countries in the Caribbean. The country is mostly flat, with the highest points on Antigua being in the Shekerley Mountains and on Barbuda the Highlands. The country has a tropical savanna climate, with pockets of tropical monsoon in Antigua's southwest. Its largest city is St. John's.
The politics of Antigua and Barbuda takes place in a framework of a unitary parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, wherein the sovereign of Antigua and Barbuda is the head of state, appointing a governor-general to act as vice-regal representative in the nation. A prime minister is appointed by the governor-general as the head of government, and of a multi-party system; the prime minister advises the governor-general on the appointment of a Council of Ministers. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of the Parliament. The bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
St. John's is the largest city of Antigua and Barbuda. It is located in the western part of Antigua, surrounding St. John's Harbour. The city is Antigua and Barbuda's primate city, having a population of 22,219. St. John's also tends to dominate the parish of Saint John, which composes much of the city's metropolitan area. From its establishment after the French invasion in 1666, the city has rapidly grown, eventually replacing Falmouth as the island's dominant city.
Antigua and Barbuda is an island nation made up of: Antigua island, which is divided into six parishes; and of the two dependencies of Barbuda island and Redonda island.
Saint George, officially the Parish of Saint George, is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. Saint George borders Saint Peter to the southeast, and Saint John to the west and south. Saint George is mostly farmland and savanna in the south, dense forest in the Blackman's Peninsula area, marshland in the Fitches Creek area, and dense forest in the northwest. It is the smallest parish in Antigua and Barbuda, and the parish capital is Fitches Creek. The largest city in the parish is Piggotts. Saint George is the newest parish, splitting from the parish of Saint Peter in 1725. It had an estimated population of 8,817 in 2018.
Saint Philip, officially the Parish of Saint Philip, is a civil parish of Antigua and Barbuda, on the easternmost portion of Antigua island. Its capital is the village of St. Philip's. Saint Philip borders Saint Peter and Saint Paul. Saint Philip faces the Atlantic Ocean. Saint Philip is surrounded by various islands and islets. It had an estimated population of 3,689 in 2018, which makes it the least populous parish of Antigua and Barbuda.
Saint Mary, officially the Parish of Saint Mary, is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. Saint Mary borders Saint John to the north, and Saint Paul to the east. Saint Mary is dominated by the Shekerley Mountains, and its northern border is largely defined by the mountains, and by Cooks Creek. The largest city in the parish is Bolans, home to the Jolly Harbour neighbourhood, and the parish church is located in Old Road. Saint Mary was permanently established with the other four original parishes in 1692. It had an estimated population of 8,141 in 2018.
Saint Paul, officially the Parish of Saint Paul, is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. It had an estimated population of 9,004 in 2018. The parish capital, and the location of the parish church, is Falmouth. The main economic and tourism hub of the parish is English Harbour.
Saint Peter, officially the Parish of Saint Peter, is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. Saint Peter borders Saint Paul to the south, Saint Philip to the east, and Saint George and Saint John to the west. Saint Peter is dominated by farmland, savanna, and undeveloped fields, and its borders are not well-defined. The largest city fully within the parish is Parham, which is also the capital. However, the portion of the city of All Saints in Saint Peter is significantly larger than Parham. Saint Peter was created with the other four original parishes in 1692. It had an estimated population of 5,706 in 2018.
Saint John, officially the Parish of Saint John, is a civil parish of Antigua and Barbuda, on the northwestern portion of Antigua island. Its capital is the city of St. John's. Saint John borders Saint Mary, Saint Peter, Saint George, and Saint Paul. Saint John faces the Caribbean Sea. Saint John is surrounded by some of Antigua's most premier beaches. Saint John had a population of 56,736 in a 2018 estimate, making it home to the majority of the population in Antigua and Barbuda.
All Saints is the second largest settlement in Antigua and Barbuda, with a population of 3,412. It is located in the middle of Antigua, at 17°3′N61°47′W. Just 5 miles NW of here is the capital, St. John's. It had a population of 3,900 in 2001.
Parham, officially known as the Town of Parham, is the capital of Saint Peter, the largest city in Saint Peter, and the fourteenth largest city in Antigua and Barbuda. Parham's population was 1,307 in 2011, distributed over 1.99 square kilometres. Parham is similar in population to Potters Village, the thirteenth most significant city in Antigua and Barbuda, and Bendals, the fifteenth largest city. Parham is situated on the shore of Parham Harbour, one of the most important harbors in the country, enclosed by the Parham Peninsula and Long Island.
Old Road, officially known as the Town of Old Road, is a town located on a roadstead in the parish of Saint Mary, Antigua and Barbuda. It is overlooked by Boggy Peak, which lies to its northwest. Old Road was founded in the 1700s, and in the 1850s was still a tiny settlement of 96, smaller than its neighbour to the west, Urlings. Old Road has since grown to a population of 1,251 in 2011, and is now the tenth largest settlement in the country. Old Road is smaller than Willikies, but is larger than Montclear, Skyline, and Potters Village. Old Road is separated from the rest of Antigua by the Shekerley Mountains. The village is located on Andy Roberts Drive which to the east, merges onto Fig Tree Drive leading to John Hughes, and to the west, continues through Urlings, Crabs Hill, and Johnsons Point before merging onto Valley Road in Ffryes village.
Montpelier is a small village in Saint Philip Parish, Antigua and Barbuda.
St. John's Rural East is a parliamentary constituency in Saint John Parish, Antigua and Barbuda.
The major division of Pares is the metropolitan area of the city of Pares, Antigua and Barbuda. The major division consists of Pares, Vernons, Diamonds, and, portions of Parham. The major division has a living condition index of 14.36.
Major divisions are the second level administrative divisions of Antigua and Barbuda.
St. Mary's North is a parliamentary constituency in Saint Mary Parish, Antigua and Barbuda.
All Saints West is a parliamentary constituency in Saint John, Saint Mary, and Saint Peter, Antigua and Barbuda. It is composed of the villages of Sea View Farm, Freemans, Clarkes Hill, Buckleys, St. Claire, Bellevue Heights, and the western portions of All Saints.
All Saints East & St. Luke is a parliamentary constituency in the parishes of Saint John and Saint Mary, Antigua and Barbuda. It is composed of the villages of Matthews, Swetes, Bishops, John Hughes, Sawcolts, Old Road, and the eastern portion of All Saints.
