Chełmno extermination camp, built during World War II, was the first of the Nazi German extermination camps and was situated 50 kilometres north of the metropolitan city of Łódź, near the village of Chełmno nad Nerem. Following the invasion of Poland in 1939 Germany annexed the area into the new territory of Reichsgau Wartheland, aiming at its complete "Germanization"; the camp was set up specifically to carry out ethnic cleansing through mass killings. It operated from December 8, 1941 parallel to Operation Reinhard during the most deadly phase of the Holocaust, and again from June 23, 1944 to January 18, 1945 during the Soviet counter-offensive. Polish Jews of the Łódź Ghetto and the local inhabitants of Reichsgau Wartheland (Warthegau) were exterminated there. In 1943 modifications were made to the camp's killing methods because the reception building was already dismantled.
The Bishopric of Culm was a Roman Catholic diocese in Chełmno Land, founded in medieval Prussia in 1243 and disbanded in 1992.
Gmina Kijewo Królewskie is a rural gmina in Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kijewo Królewskie, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Chełmno, 30 km (19 mi) north-west of Toruń, and 35 km (22 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Gmina Stolno is a rural gmina in Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Stolno, which lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-east of Chełmno, 33 km (21 mi) north of Toruń, and 41 km (25 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Gmina Unisław is a rural gmina in Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Unisław, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of Chełmno, 25 km (16 mi) north-west of Toruń, and 28 km (17 mi) east of Bydgoszcz.
Borówno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Chełmno, 31 km (19 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz, and 35 km (22 mi) north-west of Toruń.
Dolne Wymiary is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Chełmno, 42 km (26 mi) north of Toruń, and 48 km (30 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Dorposz Chełmiński is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Chełmno, 45 km (28 mi) north of Toruń, and 54 km (34 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Górne Wymiary is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of Chełmno, 40 km (25 mi) north of Toruń, and 45 km (28 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Kałdus is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Chełmno, 36 km (22 mi) north-west of Toruń, and 36 km (22 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Kolno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Chełmno, 42 km (26 mi) north of Toruń, and 46 km (29 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Łęg is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Chełmno, 43 km (27 mi) north of Toruń, and 50 km (31 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Małe Łunawy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Chełmno and 39 km (24 mi) north of Toruń.
Nowe Dobra is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Chełmno, 41 km (25 mi) north of Toruń, and 43 km (27 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Osnowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmno, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Chełmno, 36 km (22 mi) north of Toruń, and 38 km (24 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.
Chełmno, often known by its full name Chełmno nad Nerem is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dąbie, within Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Koło and 135 km (84 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań. The village has a population of 350. It is the location of the Chełmno Extermination Camp Museum (pl) founded in 1994.
Chełmno land is a historical region, located in central-northern Poland.
