Related Research Articles
The St. Croix River is a tributary of the Mississippi River, approximately 169 miles (272 km) long, in the U.S. states of Wisconsin and Minnesota. The lower 125 miles (201 km) of the river form the border between Wisconsin and Minnesota. The river is a National Scenic Riverway under the protection of the National Park Service. A hydroelectric plant at the Saint Croix Falls Dam supplies power to the Minneapolis–St. Paul metropolitan area.
Henry Hastings Sibley was a fur trader with the American Fur Company, the first U.S. Congressional representative for Minnesota Territory, the first governor of the state of Minnesota, and a U.S. military leader in the Dakota War of 1862 and a subsequent expedition into Dakota Territory in 1863.
Black & White Records was an American record company and label founded by Les Schreiber in 1943. It specialized in jazz and blues. When the label was sold to Paul and Lillian Reiner, it moved from New York City to Los Angeles. The catalog included music by Art Hodes, Cliff Jackson, Lil Armstrong, Barney Bigard, Wilbert Baranco, Erroll Garner, Jack McVea, and Willie "The Lion" Smith.
The Anishinaabe are a group of culturally related Indigenous peoples present in the Great Lakes region of Canada and the United States. They include the Ojibwe, Odawa, Potawatomi, Mississaugas, Nipissing and Algonquin peoples. The Anishinaabe speak Anishinaabemowin, or Anishinaabe languages that belong to the Algonquian language family.
Michigan Territory's at-large congressional district is an obsolete congressional district that encompassed the area of the Michigan Territory prior to admitting Michigan to the Union. The territory was established on June 30, 1805, from Indiana Territory. In 1819, the territory was given the authority to elect a congressional delegate until statehood in 1837.
The Sandy Lake Tragedy was the culmination in 1850 of a series of events centered in Big Sandy Lake, Minnesota that resulted in the deaths of several hundred Lake Superior Chippewa. Officials of the Zachary Taylor Administration and Minnesota Territory sought to relocate several bands of the tribe to areas west of the Mississippi River. By changing the location for fall annuity payments, the officials intended the Chippewa to stay at the new site for the winter, hoping to lower their resistance to relocation. Due to delayed and inadequate payments of annuities and lack of promised supplies, about 400 Ojibwe, mostly men and 12% of the tribe, died of disease, starvation and cold. The outrage increased Ojibwe resistance to removal. The bands effectively gained widespread public support to achieve permanent reservations in their traditional territories.
The Treaty of Traverse des Sioux was signed on July 23, 1851, at Traverse des Sioux in Minnesota Territory between the United States government and the Upper Dakota Sioux bands. In this land cession treaty, the Sisseton and Wahpeton Dakota bands sold 21 million acres of land in present-day Iowa, Minnesota and South Dakota to the U.S. for $1,665,000.
The Dakota War of 1862, also known as the Sioux Uprising, the Dakota Uprising, the Sioux Outbreak of 1862, the Dakota Conflict, or Little Crow's War, was an armed conflict between the United States and several eastern bands of Dakota collectively known as the Santee Sioux. It began on August 18, 1862, when the Dakota, who were facing starvation and displacement, attacked white settlements at the Lower Sioux Agency along the Minnesota River valley in southwest Minnesota. The war lasted for five weeks and resulted in the deaths of hundreds of settlers. In the aftermath, the Dakota people were exiled from their homelands, forcibly sent to reservations in the Dakotas and Nebraska, and the State of Minnesota confiscated and sold all their remaining land in the state. The war also ended with the largest mass execution in United States history with the hanging of 38 Dakota men.
Joseph Renshaw Brown (1805–1870) was an American politician, pioneer, fur trader, newspaper editor, businessman, inventor, speculator, and Indian agent who was prominent in Minnesota and Wisconsin territorial and state politics for over 50 years.
Territory bands were dance bands that crisscrossed specific regions of the United States from the 1920s through the 1960s. Beginning in the 1920s, the bands typically had 8 to 12 musicians. These bands typically played one-nighters, six or seven nights a week at venues like VFW halls, Elks Lodges, Lions Clubs, hotel ballrooms, and the like. Francis Davis, jazz critic for The Village Voice, likened territory bands to "the Top 40 cover bands of their day, typically relying on stock arrangements of other ensembles' hits." He said, "many historians give much credit to territory bands for popularizing modern ballroom dancing that began during the World War I era with the influence of Vernon and Irene Castle."
The National Orchestra Service, Inc. (NOS), was the most important booking and management agency for territory bands across the Great Plains and other regions from the early 1930s through 1960. NOS managed black, white and integrated orchestras and was headquartered in Omaha.
Frank Shelton "Red" Perkins was an American jazz trumpet player, singer, and bandleader. Perkins led of one of the oldest Omaha, Nebraska-based jazz territory bands, The Dixie Ramblers, and saw his greatest period of success in the 1920s and 1930s.
John Hubbard Beecher, also known as Little John Beecher was an American bandleader, jazz trumpeter and valve trombonist, and a singer of novelty songs. His band, Little John Beecher and his Orchestra, was active throughout the 1950s, and was booked by National Orchestra Service of Omaha, Nebraska. Before forming his own band, he played trumpet with Lee Williams.
Carl L. Nordly was a head men's basketball coach at the University of Minnesota. Nordly started his coaching career at Carleton College, where he played collegiately. In 1935, Nordly became a professor at Minnesota and in 1942, following the first retirement of Dave MacMillan, took over as Gophers head coach. He coached the team from 1942 to 1944 and had a 17–23 career record. Nordly remained a professor at Minnesota until 1955. Nordly's coaching style was heavily indebted to Walter Meanwell, former coach of the Wisconsin Badgers.
The 1st Dakota Cavalry was a Union battalion of two companies raised in the Dakota Territory during the American Civil War. They were deployed along the frontier, primarily to protect the settlers during the Sioux Uprising of 1862.
The Darlings of Rhythm was an African American, all-female swing band from the 1940s.
The Harlem Playgirls was an African American swing band active in the Midwest and throughout the United States from the mid-1930s to the early 1940s.
Billie Rogers was an American jazz trumpeter and singer who was a member of Woody Herman's band from 1941 to 1943. She led her own band in 1943. At the end of that year, she joined Jerry Wald's band and remained a member until October 1945, when she left to form her own sextet.
Fairland is a ghost town in Koochiching County, Minnesota, United States, within Northwest Koochiching Unorganized Territory, south of Birchdale. It was located along Black River Road near Fiero Truck Trail.
References
- ↑ Jay R. Goetting (born 1943), Joined at the Hip: A History of Jazz in the Twin Cities, Minnesota Historical Society Press, St. Paul (2011) OCLC 690585448 ISBN 978-0-87351-817-8, ISBN 0-87351-817-9, ISBN 978-0-87351-832-1, ISBN 0-87351-832-2
- ↑ Albert J. McCarthy, Big Band Jazz, Peerage Books (1983) OCLC 25339644 , 255254368 , 67424055 ISBN 0-399-11172-7, ISBN 978-0-399-11172-3
- ↑ Zita Carno (born 1935), Art Blakey, The Jazz Review, Vol 3, No. 1, January 6, 1960, pg. 20, American Jazz Society, London OCLC 173876510
- ↑ Kristin A. McGee (born 1968), Some Liked It Hot: Jazz Women in Film and Television, 1928–1959, Wesleyan University Press, pg. 51 (2009) OCLC 276339398 ISBN 978-0-8195-6907-3, ISBN 0-8195-6907-0, ISBN 978-0-8195-6908-0, ISBN 0-8195-6908-9
- ↑ Burt J. Korall (1930–2007), Drummin' Men: The Heartbeat of Jazz: the Swing Years, pg. 132, Oxford University Press (2002) OCLC 48474145 ISBN 0-19-514812-6, ISBN 978-0-19-514812-1
- ↑ Late Eli Rice, Prominent Midwest Bandleader, Once was an Oshkoshian, Oshkosh Northwestern, June 28, 1962