Suyurghatmish

Last updated
Suyurqatmish
Ruler of Kirman
Reign1282 – 1292
Predecessor Kutlugh Turkan
Successor Padishah Khatun
Died21 August 1294
Kerman
SpouseKurdujin Khatun
Names
Jalal ad-Din Suyurgatmish
Father Qutb al-Din Mohammad

Jalal ad-Din Suyurgatmish was Qutlughanid ruler of Kerman and a son of Qutb al-Din Mohammad.

Contents

Life

His mother's identity is unknown, he had a full sister Ordu Kutlugh who was married to Baydu. He was a childhood friend with Tekuder, son of Hulagu, a connection that would prove helpful in future. An ambitious person, he went to the court of Abaqa to obtain noble rights of his step-brother Muzaffar al-Din Hajjaj in 1279. Having obtained recognition, he arrived at Kerman on 19 September 1280 and forced her step-mother Kutlugh Turkan to make him a co-ruler by 19 October, had the khutba proclaimed in his name too. A number of members of the court joined Suyurgatmish, including Muiz al-Din Malekshah, a high ranking noble. However she soon "complained to her daughter Padishah Khatun and received a yarligh forbidding her stepson to meddle in the affairs of Kirman". [1]

Reign

Following Abaqa's death in 1281, he obtained a great power due to his friendship with Tekuder, new Ilkhan. [2] He was also allied to Suqunjaq Noyan - governor of Iraq and Khuzestan and Qutui Khatun - mother of Tekuder. He was confirmed as the new ruler of Kirman by Tekuder in 1282. Although Kutlugh Turkan's loyalists in Kirman, namely Amir Satilmish, Amir Muhammad Qutlugh Tash, Amir Muhammad Ayad Güz and Amir Muhammad Alamdar tried to raise Soyokshah - her daughter Bibi Turkan's son to throne, this proved futile when Soyokshah revealed the plot. Suyurgatmish's protege Qutui persuaded Tekuder to support Suyurgatmish against a possible alliance with rival prince Arghun. His next years spent in constant power struggle between his siblings Bibi Turkan and Padishah Khatun.

Death

While he managed to secure his throne thanks to powerful chief minister Buqa, this situation came to an abrupt end in 1291 with death of Arghun. Padishah Khatun who was now married to new Ilkhan Gaykhatu, demanded lordship over Kirman to which Ilkhan agreed. He was imprisoned by Padishah in October 1292. However he managed to escape thanks to his wife Kurdujin Khatun, only to be imprisoned again. Suyurgatmish was finally strangled to death on 21 August 1294. [3]

Family

He was married to Kurdujin Khatun [4] a daughter of Abish Khatun - daughter of Sad II, Atabeg of Fars and Mengü Timur - son of Hulegu and a certain Ilak Khatun. She also had a concubine named Isen. [5] They had following issues:

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Baydu Ilkhan

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Buqa

Buqa was a Mongol lord and chancellor who was instrumental in sweeping Arghun to power as the fourth Il-Khan of Iran in 1284 and became his chief minister (vizier) and advisor, succeeding Shams ad-Din Juvayni whom Arghun had executed.

Abish Khatun

Abish Khatun — was the 9th and last ruler of the Salghurids of Shiraz from 1264 to 1282.

Padishah Khatun Qutlugh-Khanid dynasty ruler of Kirman (1256-1295) (r.1292-1295)

Safwat al-Din Khatun (1256–1295), otherwise known as Padishah Khatun, was the ruler of Kirman from 1292 until 1295 as a member of the Mongol vassal Qutlugh-Khanid dynasty in Persia.

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Qutlugh-Khanids

The Qutlugh-Khanids was a dynasty of ethnic Khitan origin that ruled over Kirman from 1222 to 1306.

Qutb al-Din Mohammad — was Qutlughanid ruler of Kerman and a nephew of Buraq Hajib, founder of dynasty.

Rukn al-Din Mubarak Khwaja was a Qutlugkhanid ruler of Kerman and the son of Buraq Hajib, founder of the dynasty.

Muzaffar al-Din Hajjaj was a nominal Qutlughkhanid prince of Kerman, a son of Qutb al-Din Mohammad and Kutlugh Turkan.

Kurdujin Khatun was an Ilkhanid princess, ruler of Kirman in 1295–1296, and of Shiraz in 1319–1338.

Muzaffar al-Din Mohammad was the penultimate Qutlughkhanid ruler of Kerman.

Qutb al-Din Shah Jahan was the last Qutlughkhanid ruler of Kirman.

References

  1. Mernissi, Fatema; trans. Mary Jo Lakeland (2003). The Forgotten Queens of Islam. Oxford University Press. pp. 29; 100-101 ISBN   978-0-19-579868-5.
  2. Lane, George E. (2003-09-01). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance (1 ed.). Routledge. p. 120. doi:10.4324/9780203417874. ISBN   9780203417874.
  3. "PĀDŠĀH ḴĀTUN – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2019-10-04.
  4. Brookshaw, Dominic Parviz (2005). "Odes of a Poet-Princess: The Ghazals of Jahān-Malik Khātūn". Iran. 43: 176. doi:10.2307/4300688. JSTOR   4300688.
  5. Gençtürk, Ci̇han (2017-04-25). "KİRMÂN'DA SALTANAT SÜREN KADIN BİR HÜKÜMDAR: SAVVETÜDDÎN PADİŞÂH HATUN". Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 3 (1): 65–82. ISSN   2149-3006.