Suzanne Haber

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Suzanne N. Haber is an American academic and neuroscientist. She is a professor at the University of Rochester, [1] Visiting Professor at the Department of Psychiatry of Harvard Medical School, and a scientist at McLean Hospital. [2] She is known for her research on the neural circuitry of the basal ganglia and its implications in psychiatric disorders. She is co-principal investigator on an USD 23 Mio. grant of the NIH BRAIN initiative [3] and principal investigator of an NIH Conte Center to study obsessive–compulsive disorder. [4] [5] She has been councilor of the Society for Neuroscience [6] and is editor of a scientific text book on the frontal cortex. [7]

Contents

Early life and education

Suzanne Haber obtained her undergraduate degree from the University of California, Santa Barbara. She earned her Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of St. Andrews in Scotland. [8]

Career

After completing her doctorate, Haber conducted postdoctoral research at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). She later joined the faculty at the University of Rochester Medical Center, where she became a full professor in the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology. [1]

Research

Haber's research focuses on the anatomy and function of the basal ganglia and associated cortical regions. [9] She employs neuroanatomical tracing techniques in primates to map the connections between different brain areas. Her work has provided insights into how these neural circuits contribute to normal behavior and how their dysfunction may lead to psychiatric conditions like OCD and depression.

Awards and honors

Selected publications

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Striatum</span> Nucleus in the basal ganglia of the brain

The striatum or corpus striatum is a cluster of interconnected nuclei that make up the largest structure of the subcortical basal ganglia. The striatum is a critical component of the motor and reward systems; receives glutamatergic and dopaminergic inputs from different sources; and serves as the primary input to the rest of the basal ganglia.

Bilateral cingulotomy is a form of psychosurgery, introduced in 1948 as an alternative to lobotomy. Today, it is mainly used in the treatment of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the early years of the twenty-first century, it was used in Russia to treat addiction. It is also used in the treatment of chronic pain. The objective of this procedure is the severing of the supracallosal fibres of the cingulum bundle, which pass through the anterior cingulate gyrus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trichotillomania</span> Medical condition

Trichotillomania (TTM), also known as hair-pulling disorder or compulsive hair pulling as well as ttm, is a mental disorder characterized by a long-term urge that results in the pulling out of one's own hair. A brief positive feeling may occur as hair is removed. Efforts to stop pulling hair typically fail. Hair removal may occur anywhere; however, the head and around the eyes are most common. The hair pulling is to such a degree that it results in distress and hair loss can be seen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Deep brain stimulation</span> Neurosurgical treatment

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure that implants a neurostimulator and electrodes which sends electrical impulses to specified targets in the brain responsible for movement control. The treatment is designed for a range of movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, as well as for certain neuropsychiatric conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and epilepsy. The exact mechanisms of DBS are complex and not entirely clear, but it is known to modify brain activity in a structured way.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brodmann area 25</span> Part of the brain

Brodmann area 25 (BA25) is the subgenual area, area subgenualis or subgenual cingulate area in the cerebral cortex of the brain and delineated based on its cytoarchitectonic characteristics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orbitofrontal cortex</span> Region of the prefrontal cortex of the brain

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a prefrontal cortex region in the frontal lobes of the brain which is involved in the cognitive process of decision-making. In non-human primates it consists of the association cortex areas Brodmann area 11, 12 and 13; in humans it consists of Brodmann area 10, 11 and 47.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Medial forebrain bundle</span>

The medial forebrain bundle (MFB) is a neural pathway containing fibers from the basal olfactory regions, the periamygdaloid region and the septal nuclei, as well as fibers from brainstem regions, including the ventral tegmental area and nigrostriatal pathway.

Perseveration, in the fields of psychology, psychiatry, and speech–language pathology, is the repetition of a particular response regardless of the absence or cessation of a stimulus. It is usually caused by a brain injury or other organic disorder. Symptoms include "lacking ability to transition or switch ideas appropriately with the social context, as evidenced by the repetition of words or gestures after they have ceased to be socially relevant or appropriate", or the "act or task of doing so", and are not better described as stereotypy.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to abnormal psychology:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Obsessive–compulsive disorder</span> Mental and behavioral disorder

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder in which an individual has intrusive thoughts and feels the need to perform certain routines (compulsions) repeatedly to relieve the distress caused by the obsession, to the extent where it impairs general function.

Susan Swedo is a researcher in the field of pediatrics and neuropsychiatry. Beginning in 1998, she was Chief of the Pediatrics & Developmental Neuroscience Branch at the US National Institute of Mental Health. In 1994, Swedo was lead author on a paper describing pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS), a controversial hypothesis proposing a link between Group A streptococcal infection in children and some rapid-onset cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or tic disorders such as Tourette syndrome. Swedo retired from the NIH in 2019, and serves on the PANDAS Physician Network.

The biology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) refers to biologically based theories about the mechanism of OCD. Cognitive models generally fall into the category of executive dysfunction or modulatory control. Neuroanatomically, functional and structural neuroimaging studies implicate the prefrontal cortex (PFC), basal ganglia (BG), insula, and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Genetic and neurochemical studies implicate glutamate and monoamine neurotransmitters, especially serotonin and dopamine.

The cause of obsessive–compulsive disorder is understood mainly through identifying biological risk factors that lead to obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) symptomology. The leading hypotheses propose the involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and/or the limbic system, with discoveries being made in the fields of neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurogenetics, and neuroethology.

William "Bill" Gehring is a psychologist, and in 2014 is the Arthur F. Thurnau Professor of Psychology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He researches Event Related Potentials and is one of the discoverers of the Error Related Negativity. He has made contributions to the field of cognitive neuroscience through his studies on the electrophysiological markers of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The delayed-maturation theory of obsessive–compulsive disorder suggests that obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) can be caused by delayed maturation of the frontal striatal circuitry or parts of the brain that make up the frontal cortex, striatum, or integrating circuits. Some researchers suspect that variations in the volume of specific brain structures can be observed in children that have OCD. It has not been determined if delayed-maturation of this frontal circuitry contributes to the development of OCD or if OCD is the ailment that inhibits normal growth of structures in the frontal striatal, frontal cortex, or striatum. However, the use of neuroimaging has equipped researchers with evidence of some brain structures that are consistently less adequate and less matured in patients diagnosed with OCD in comparison to brains without OCD. More specifically, structures such as the caudate nucleus, volumes of gray matter, white matter, and the cingulate have been identified as being less developed in people with OCD in comparison to individuals that do not have OCD. However, the cortex volume of the operculum (brain) is larger and OCD patients are also reported to have larger temporal lobe volumes; which has been identified in some women patients with OCD. Further research is needed to determine the effect of these structural size differences on the onset and degree of OCD and the maturation of specific brain structures.

The University of Florida Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Program is a treatment and research clinic in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Florida. The clinic is located in Gainesville, Florida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Judith L. Rapoport</span> American psychiatrist

Judith L. Rapoport is an American psychiatrist. She is the chief of the Child Psychiatry Branch at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland.

Mary Kay Lobo is an American psychiatric neuroscientist who is a Professor of Neurobiology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. Her research considers the molecular mechanisms that underpin drug addiction and depression. She was named a finalist in the 2011 Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists.

Diego A. Pizzagalli is a Swiss neuroscientist, a Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.., the Founding Director of the Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research (CDASR), the Director of the McLean Imaging Center, the Director of Research for the Division of Depression & Anxiety Disorders, the Director of the McLean Conte Center for the Neurobiology of Approach-Avoidance Decision Making, and the Director of the Laboratory for Affective and Translational Neuroscience at McLean Hospital, Massachusetts.

Anastasia Yendiki is an American academic and neuroscientist. She is an associate professor at Harvard Medical School, and the director of Circuit Analysis Laboratory for Computational Neuroimaging at the Athinoula A. Martinos Center at Massachusetts General Hospital.

References

  1. 1 2 "Suzanne N. Haber, Ph.D. | UR Medicine". University of Rochester Medical Center. Retrieved 2024-09-17.
  2. ↑ "| MGH Academy". lms.mghcme.org. Retrieved 2024-09-17.
  3. ↑ "How A New Grant Will Support the Quest for a More Complete Map of the Brain".
  4. ↑ "Science X Network :: Phys.org, Medical Xpress, Tech Xplore". sciencex.com. Retrieved 2024-09-17.
  5. ↑ "UR Researchers Use $10 Million Grant to Study OCD". WXXI News. 2015-06-04. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  6. ↑ "SfN Election Results: Meet Your New Leaders". www.sfn.org. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  7. ↑ Banich, Marie T.; Haber, Suzanne; Robbins, Trevor W., eds. (2024). The frontal cortex: organization, networks, and function. Strüngmann forum reports. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN   978-0-262-54953-0.
  8. ↑ Horn, Andreas (2022). "#30: Suzanne Haber – Anatomists, an endangered species & their importance for DBS": 77021956 Bytes. doi:10.6084/M9.FIGSHARE.20953468.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ↑ Haber, Suzanne N.; Yendiki, Anastasia; Jbabdi, Saad (November 2021). "Four Deep Brain Stimulation Targets for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Are They Different?". Biological Psychiatry. 90 (10): 667–677. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.06.031. PMC   9569132 . PMID   32951818.
  10. ↑ "Suzanne N. Haber, Ph.D." Suzanne N. Haber, Ph.D. | Brain & Behavior Research Foundation. 2017-04-03. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  11. 1 2 "Suzanne N. Haber, Ph.D. | UR Medicine". University of Rochester Medical Center. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  12. ↑ "Society of Biological Psychiatry Gold Medal Award | Society of Biological Psychiatry" . Retrieved 2024-09-18.
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