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Chechnya, officially the Chechen Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, between the Caspian Sea and Black Sea. The republic forms a part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land borders with Georgia to its south; with the Russian republics of Dagestan, Ingushetia, and North Ossetia–Alania to its east, north, and west; and with Stavropol Krai to its northwest.
The Second Chechen War took place in Chechnya and the border regions of the North Caucasus between the Russian Federation and the breakaway Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, from August 1999 to April 2009.
Memorial is an international human rights organisation, founded in Russia during the fall of the Soviet Union to study and examine the human rights violations and other crimes committed under Joseph Stalin's reign. Subsequently, it expanded the scope of its research to cover the entire Soviet period. Memorial is the recipient of numerous awards, among others the Nobel Peace Prize in 2022.
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Dagestan, officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of Azerbaijan and Georgia to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of Chechnya and Kalmykia to the west and north, and with Stavropol Krai to the northwest. Makhachkala is the republic's capital and largest city; other major cities are Derbent, Kizlyar, Izberbash, Kaspiysk, and Buynaksk.
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Vilayat Dagestan, formerly known as Shariat Jamaat, was an Islamist Jihadist group based in the Russian republic of Dagestan and is part of the Caucasus Emirate. The group is closely associated with the separatist conflicts in the nearby Russian republics of Chechnya and Ingushetia, and was created during the Second Chechen War in favor of Dagestan's independence as an Islamic state.
Women in Russia have a rich and varied history during numerous regimes throughout the centuries. Since Russian society is multicultural, the experiences of women in Russia vary significantly across ethnic, religious, and social lines. The life of an ethnic Russian woman can be dramatically different from the life of women of minority groups like the Bashkirs and the life of a woman from a lower-class rural family can be different from the life of a woman from an upper-middle-class urban family. Nevertheless, a common historical and political context provides a framework for speaking about women in Russia in general.
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Oleg Petrovich Orlov is a Russian human rights activist who has participated in post-Soviet Union human rights movements. He serves as the chairman of the Board of Human Rights Center “Memorial,” and is an executive board member of the Center's International, Historic-Educational Society. From 2004 until 2006, Orlov was in the Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights of the Russian Federation. Through his work with Memorial, Orlov was a laureate of the 2009 Sakharov Prize in recognition of his human rights work. He is a member of the federal political council movement Solidarnost.
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The Chechen–Russian conflict was the centuries-long ethnic and political conflict, often armed, between the Russian, Soviet and Imperial Russian governments and various Chechen forces. The recent phase of the conflict started after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 and ended with the oppression of Chechen separatist leaders and crushing of the separatist movement in the republic proper in 2017.
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The Islamic State – Caucasus Province(IS-CP) is a branch of the militant Islamist group Islamic State (IS), that is active in the North Caucasus region of Russia. IS announced the group's formation on 23 June 2015 and appointed Rustam Asildarov as its leader. Although it was defeated militarily as an organized force by 2017, some lone wolves still act on behalf of the Islamic State.
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries reported an increase in domestic violence and intimate partner violence. United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, noting the "horrifying global surge", called for a domestic violence "ceasefire". UN Women stated that COVID-19 created "conditions for abuse that are ideal for abusers because it forced people into lockdown" thus causing a "shadow pandemic" that exacerbated preexisting issues with domestic violence globally.
Tanya Lokshina is a human rights researcher, journalist, and writer from Russia. She is director of the Russia program at Human Rights Watch. Lokshina is an expert on the human rights situation in the Post-Soviet states.
The Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus is ongoing terror activity of the Islamic State branch in the North Caucasus after the insurgency of the Caucasus Emirate.
Sapiyat Akhmedovna Magomedova, sometimes spelled Sapijat Magomedova, is a Russian human rights activist and lawyer from Dagestan. A noted local lawyer in human rights abuses cases, she has presented cases before local courts and national courts, as well as at the European Court of Human Rights. She has experienced harassment, intimidation and threats due to her activism, and in recognition of her work was awarded the Homo Homini in 2013.
References
- 1 2 "Woman human rights defender Svetlana Anokhina faces criminal charges on "discreditation of the Russian army"". Frontline Defenders. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- 1 2 3 "«Женским вопросом можно проверять государство на вменяемость»: интервью со Светлано/a> (in Russian). Perito Media. 2023-10-20. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- 1 2 3 Efimova, Anna (2021-03-18). "Svetlana Anokhina — 'The shame of Daghestan'". OC Media. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- 1 2 "Journalist Svetlana Anokhina Charged with Discrediting Russian Armed Forces". Council of Europe: Safety of Journalism Platform. 2023-04-20. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- ↑ Kravtsova, Irina (2022-11-04). "'We are not sorry, even if they kill us'". Novaya Gazeta. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- ↑ "Women human rights defenders Svetlana Anokhina and Maysarat Kilyaskhanova attacked and detained during raid on women's shelter for survivors of gender-based violence". Frontline Defenders. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- ↑ "'She could be killed' Domestic violence victim forcibly returned to Chechnya after police raid women's shelter in neighboring Dagestan". Meduza. 2021-06-11. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- 1 2 "В Дагестане силовики пришли за образцом слюны 95-летней матери покинувшей Россию правозащитницы" (in Russian). OVD Info. 2024-09-05. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- ↑ "Дагестанская феминистка Светлана Анохина рассказала об обыске в ее квартире; правозащитница уже два года не живет в России". Zona Media. 2023-08-15. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
- ↑ "BBC 100 Women 2024: Who is on the list this year?". BBC. 2024-12-03. Retrieved 2024-12-10.