Ghulam Nabi Azad is an Indian politician who served as Leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha between 2014 and 2021. He also served as the Chief Minister of erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir from 2005 to 2008. On 26 September 2022,Azad announced his own political party as Democratic Progressive Azad Party. He is the chief patron cum founder of Democratic Progressive Azad Party.
All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC) is an alliance of 26 political,social and religious organizations formed on 9 March 1993,as a united political front to raise the cause of Kashmiri separatism in the Kashmir conflict. Mehmood Ahmed Saghar was the first convener of the APHC-PAK chapter when the alliance was established in 1993. The alliance has historically been viewed positively by Pakistan as it contests the claim of the Indian government over the State of Jammu and Kashmir. The organisation is split into two factions,with Mirwaiz Umar Farooq as chairman of one faction and Masarat Alam Bhat the chairman of the faction founded by Syed Ali Shah Geelani.
Farooq Abdullah is an Indian politician who was ex-President of Jammu &Kashmir National Conference. He has served as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir on several occasions since 1982,and as the union minister for New and Renewable Energy between 2009 and 2014. He is the son of the 1st elected Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Sheikh Abdullah,and father of former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Omar Abdullah.
Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah was an Indian politician who played a central role in the politics of Jammu and Kashmir. He is responsible for anti-Dogra rule movement and for 13 July 1931 incident,widely seen as the start of the oppression of Kashmiri Hindus. Abdullah was the founding leader of the All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference and the 1st elected Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir after its accession to India. He agitated against the rule of the Maharaja Hari Singh and urged self-rule for Kashmir. He served as the 1st elected Prime Minister of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir and was later jailed and exiled. He was dismissed from the position of Prime Ministership on 8 August 1953 and Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was appointed the new Prime Minister. The expressions 'Sadr-i-Riyasat' and 'Prime Minister' were replaced with the terms 'Governor' and 'Chief Minister' in 1965. Sheikh Abdullah again became the Chief Minister of the state following the 1974 Indira-Sheikh accord and remained in the top slot till his death on 8 September 1982.
The Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) is a state political party in Jammu and Kashmir,India. The PDP was headed and founded by Mufti Mohammed Sayeed. His daughter,Mehbooba Mufti,succeeded him as party leader and as Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir following his death in January 2016. The party is a member of the People's Alliance for Gupkar Declaration electoral alliance. The party is also a member of the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance since its founding on 18th June 2023.
The Jammu &Kashmir National Panthers Party is a socialist and secular state political party in the state of Jammu and Kashmir,India. The party was founded on 23 March 1982 by husband and wife couple Prof. Bhim Singh and Jay Mala,Its aim is to "demolish corruption,communalism,criminalization,drug menace" and to establish a real democracy through ultimate revolution. Panthers party has maintained power at assembly and local level for over four decades in its stronghold within the mountainous Udhampur constituency,where 5.9 million tonnes of lithium,7th largest known reserve in the world,with an estimated value of $500 billion,was discovered in February 2023.
Although India is a parliamentary democracy,the country's politics has become dynastic or with high level of nepotism,possibly due to the absence of party organizations,independent civil-society associations which mobilize support for a party,or centralized financing of elections. The dynastic phenomenon is present at the national,state,regional,and district level. The Nehru–Gandhi family has produced three Indian prime ministers,and family members have largely led the Congress party since 1978. The ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) also has several dynastic leaders. In addition to the major national parties,other national and regional parties such as Shiromani Akali Dal,Shiv Sena,Samajwadi Party,Rashtriya Janata Dal,Janata Dal Secular,Jharkhand Mukti Morcha,Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam,Kerala Congress,Jammu &Kashmir National Conference,Indian Union Muslim League,AIMIM,and the Nationalist Congress Party are all dominated by families,mostly those of the party founders.
Om Mehta was the Minister of State for Home,Personnel and Parliamentary Affairs in Indira Gandhi's government in 1976. He was a powerful veteran of the Indian Congress during Indira Gandhi's time. He was a politician from Jammu,first with National Conference,and later with Congress.
Sajad Gani Lone is an Indian politician,and former Member of the Legislative Assembly elected from the Handwara constituency. He is the chairman of Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference.
First ever Gujjar Muslim from Jammu and Kashmir nominated to Rajya sabha. Choudhary Mohammad Aslam Lassanvi. Born in village Lassana in Surankote Poonch) was a politician from the Indian National Congress party,a Member of the Parliament of India represented Jammu and Kashmir in the Rajya Sabha,the upper house of the Parliament,with term ending on 29 November 2008.
Doru Shahabad is a town and the headquarters of the Dooru tehsil in the Anantnag district of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It also known as a historical township in South Kashmir's Anantnag district. Doru Shahabad is considered place of intelligence,where great scholars like Mehmood shah Gami,Rasul Mir Shahabadi were born. These scholars contributed to the literature and culture of Kashmir. In present times,Shahabad has produced chief ministers such as Syed Mir Qasim,other politicians,bureaucrats,and leading agricultural scientists.
Elections in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir are conducted in accordance with the Constitution of India to elect the representatives of various bodies at national,state and district levels including the 114 seat unicameral Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly and the Parliament of India. The first elections in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir took place between 28 November and 19 December 2020 in the form of by-elections to District Development Councils and municipal and panchayat level bodies. A fresh delimitation process for assembly constituencies began in February-March 2020.
The following is a timeline of the Kashmir conflict during the period 1846–1946.
The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act,2019 is an act of the parliament of India containing provisions to reconstitute the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir into two Indian-administered union territories (UTs) called Jammu and Kashmir,and Ladakh,and becoming effective on 31 October 2019. A bill for the act was introduced by the Minister of Home Affairs,Amit Shah,in the Rajya Sabha on 5 August 2019 and was passed on the same day. It was then passed by the Lok Sabha on 6 August 2019 and it received the president's assent on 9 August 2019.
Chowdhary Zulfkar Ali is an Indian politician and former cabinet minister of Jammu and Kashmir. He is an Advocate by profession and was part of the 11th and 12th Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly from Darhal constituency. He is a second-generation politician whose father Chowdhary Mohmmad Hussain was a renowned politician in the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir. Zulfkar has also served as Cabinet Minister under the Chief Ministership of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed and Mehbooba Mufti 2015 to 2018. He was associated with Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party and served as district chief of the party for district Rajouri 2003 to 2013. He resigned from the PDP and became one of the founding member of Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party. Presently Vice President of the party. Ali has been Honoured with Best Legislature 2012. As a Cabinet Minister,Ali headed various portfolios. Zulfkar also implemented the national food security act (NFSA) in the state and launched a food for poor scheme (MMSFES).
Piyare Lal Handoo was an Indian politician and was a member of 6th Lok Sabha. He was also a Lawyer,Political and Social Worker,Teacher;participated in freedom struggle. He was elected to 9th Lok Sabha from Anantnag. Member,Provincial Working Committee,Democratic National Conference,Jammu and Kashmir,for 2 years,Member,Working Committee NC,Jammu and Kashmir,for 9 years;He was the Law and Revenue Minister in the cabinet of Dr Farooq Abdullah.
The first election for a legislative assembly called Praja Sabha was held in 1934 in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in the British Indian Empire. The Praja Sabha was to have 75 members,of which 12 would be officials,33 elected members and 30 nominated members. The election was held on 3 September 1934. The All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference under the leadership of Sheikh Abdullah was the largest elected party with 16 seats won. A 'Liberal Group' championed by the Dogra Sadar Sabha had the overall majority in the Assembly with 24 members.
Peer Mohammed Hussain Soharvardi better known as Sher–e–Kuthar among his followers is a Kashmiri politician and former Minister of State in the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir. He served as Member of Legislative Assembly (2002-2008) after being elected from the Shangus assembly constituency. He,subsequently,also served as Vice Chairman of the J&K Muslim Wakf Board.
