Tags | |
---|---|
Range | U+E0000..U+E007F (128 code points) |
Plane | SSP |
Scripts | Common |
Assigned | 97 code points |
Unused | 31 reserved code points 1 deprecated |
Unicode version history | |
3.1 (2001) | 97 (+97) |
Unicode documentation | |
Code chart ∣ Web page | |
Note: [1] [2] |
Tags is a Unicode block containing formatting tag characters. The block is designed to mirror ASCII. It was originally intended for language tags, but has now been repurposed as emoji modifiers, specifically for region flags.
U+E0001, U+E0020–U+E007F were originally intended for invisibly tagging texts by language [3] but that use is no longer recommended. [4] All of those characters were deprecated in Unicode 5.1.
With the release of Unicode 8.0, U+E0020–U+E007E are no longer deprecated characters. The change was made "to clear the way for the potential future use of tag characters for a purpose other than to represent language tags". [5] Unicode states that "the use of tag characters to represent language tags in a plain text stream is still a deprecated mechanism for conveying language information about text". [5]
With the release of Unicode 9.0, U+E007F is no longer a deprecated character. (U+E0001 LANGUAGE TAG remains deprecated.) The release of Emoji 5.0 in May 2017 [6] considers these characters to be emoji for use as modifiers in special sequences.
The only usage specified is for representing the flags of regions, alongside the use of Regional Indicator Symbols for national flags. [7] These sequences consist of U+1F3F4🏴WAVING BLACK FLAG followed by a sequence of tags corresponding to the region as coded in the CLDR, then U+E007FCANCEL TAG. For example, using the tags for "gbeng" (🏴) will cause some systems to display the flag of England, those for "gbsct" (🏴) the flag of Scotland, and those for "gbwls" (🏴) the flag of Wales. [7]
The tag sequences are derived from ISO 3166-2, but sequences representing other subnational flags (for example US states) are also possible using this mechanism. However, as of Unicode version 12.0 only the three flag sequences listed above are "Recommended for General Interchange" by the Unicode Consortium, meaning they are "most likely to be widely supported across multiple platforms". [8]
Tags [1] [2] [3] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
U+E000x | BEGIN | |||||||||||||||
U+E001x | ||||||||||||||||
U+E002x | SP | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / |
U+E003x | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | : | ; | < | = | > | ? |
U+E004x | @ | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O |
U+E005x | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ |
U+E006x | ` | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
U+E007x | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | { | | | } | ~ | END |
The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Tags block:
Version | Final code points [lower-alpha 1] | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3.1 | U+E0001 | 1 | L2/97-203 | Whistler, Ken; Adams, Glenn (1997-08-05), Plane 14 characters for generic tags | |
L2/97-171R2 | Whistler, Ken (1997-09-18), Plane 14 Characters for Generic Tags | ||||
L2/97-256 | Allouche, Mati (1997-10-20), Comments on Plane 14 Position Paper | ||||
L2/97-255R | Aliprand, Joan (1997-12-03), "3.B. Lightweight language tagging", Approved Minutes - UTC #73 & L2 #170 joint meeting, Palo Alto, CA - August 4-5, 1997 | ||||
L2/98-027 | N1670 | Plane 14 characters for language tags, 1997-12-12 | |||
L2/98-039 | Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold (1998-02-24), "2.C REVISED PROPOSALS", Preliminary Minutes - UTC #74 & L2 #171, Mountain View, CA - December 5, 1997 | ||||
L2/98-286 | N1703 | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1998-07-02), "7.4", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting #34, Redmond, WA, USA; 1998-03-16--20 | |||
L2/98-281R (pdf, html) | Aliprand, Joan (1998-07-31), "IETF and W3C Issues (VI)", Unconfirmed Minutes - UTC #77 & NCITS Subgroup L2 # 174 JOINT MEETING, Redmond, WA -- July 29-31, 1998 | ||||
L2/00-010 | N2103 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2000-01-05), "9.1", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 37, Copenhagen, Denmark: 1999-09-13--16 | |||
L2/01-301 | Whistler, Ken (2001-08-01), "Tag Characters", Analysis of Character Deprecation in the Unicode Standard | ||||
L2/02-166R2 | Moore, Lisa (2002-08-09), "Character Deprecation", UTC #91 Minutes | ||||
U+E0020..E007F | 96 | L2/16-042 | Fonts, Agustin; Pournader, Roozbeh (2015-01-26), Clarifications Requested for "Full Emoji Data" and Emoji Flags | ||
L2/15-145R | Edberg, Peter (2015-05-07), Proposal for additional regional indicator symbols | ||||
L2/15-107 | Moore, Lisa (2015-05-12), "E.1.3 Proposal for additional regional indicator symbols", UTC #143 Minutes | ||||
L2/15-190 | Edberg, Peter (2015-06-29), PRI #299 Background: Representing Additional Types of Flags | ||||
L2/15-206 | Davis, Mark (2015-07-25), Region / Subdivision validity for flags | ||||
L2/16-180R | Burge, Jeremy; Williams, Owen (2016-07-07), Proposal to include Emoji Flags for England, Scotland and Wales | ||||
L2/17-016 | Moore, Lisa (2017-02-08), "Action item 150-A59", UTC #150 Minutes, Add the three sequences for flags documented in L2/16-180R to emoji-sequences.txt for emoji 5.0. | ||||
L2/17-048 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2017-01-24), Feedback on PRI 343 (Unicode Emoji 5.0) | ||||
L2/17-086 | Burge, Jeremy; et al. (2017-03-27), Add ZWJ, VS-16, Keycaps & Tags to Emoji_Component | ||||
L2/17-103 | Moore, Lisa (2017-05-18), "E.1.7 Add ZWJ, VS-16, Keycaps & Tags to Emoji_Component", UTC #151 Minutes | ||||
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Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard, is a text encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text written in all of the world's major writing systems. Version 15.1 of the standard defines 149813 characters and 161 scripts used in various ordinary, literary, academic, and technical contexts. Many common characters, including numerals, punctuation, and other symbols, are unified within the standard and are not treated as specific to any given writing system. Unicode encodes thousands of emoji, with the continued development thereof conducted by the Consortium as a part of the standard. Moreover, the widespread adoption of Unicode was in large part responsible for the initial popularization of emoji outside of Japan. Unicode is ultimately capable of encoding more than 1.1 million characters.
UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding standard used for electronic communication. Defined by the Unicode Standard, the name is derived from UnicodeTransformation Format – 8-bit.
An emoji is a pictogram, logogram, ideogram, or smiley embedded in text and used in electronic messages and web pages. The primary function of emoji is to fill in emotional cues otherwise missing from typed conversation. Emoji exist in various genres, including facial expressions, common objects, places and types of weather, and animals. They are much like emoticons, except emoji are pictures rather than typographic approximations; the term "emoji" in the strict sense refers to such pictures which can be represented as encoded characters, but it is sometimes applied to messaging stickers by extension. Originally meaning pictograph, the word emoji comes from Japanese e + moji; the resemblance to the English words emotion and emoticon is purely coincidental. The ISO 15924 script code for emoji is Zsye.
In computer programming, whitespace is any character or series of characters that represent horizontal or vertical space in typography. When rendered, a whitespace character does not correspond to a visible mark, but typically does occupy an area on a page. For example, the common whitespace symbol U+0020 SPACE represents a blank space punctuation character in text, used as a word divider in Western scripts.
Geometric Shapes is a Unicode block of 96 symbols at code point range U+25A0–25FF.
Miscellaneous Technical is a Unicode block ranging from U+2300 to U+23FF, which contains various common symbols which are related to and used in the various technical, programming language, and academic professions. For example:
Many Unicode characters are used to control the interpretation or display of text, but these characters themselves have no visual or spatial representation. For example, the null character is used in C-programming application environments to indicate the end of a string of characters. In this way, these programs only require a single starting memory address for a string, since the string ends once the program reads the null character.
The Basic Latin Unicode block, sometimes informally called C0 Controls and Basic Latin, is the first block of the Unicode standard, and the only block which is encoded in one byte in UTF-8. The block contains all the letters and control codes of the ASCII encoding. It ranges from U+0000 to U+007F, contains 128 characters and includes the C0 controls, ASCII punctuation and symbols, ASCII digits, both the uppercase and lowercase of the English alphabet and a control character.
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Enclosed Alphanumerics is a Unicode block of typographical symbols of an alphanumeric within a circle, a bracket or other not-closed enclosure, or ending in a full stop.
The Unicode Standard assigns various properties to each Unicode character and code point.
CJK Symbols and Punctuation is a Unicode block containing symbols and punctuation used for writing the Chinese, Japanese and Korean languages. It also contains one Chinese character.
The regional indicator symbols are a set of 26 alphabetic Unicode characters (A–Z) intended to be used to encode ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 two-letter country codes in a way that allows optional special treatment.
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Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs is a Unicode block containing meteorological and astronomical symbols, emoji characters largely for compatibility with Japanese telephone carriers' implementations of Shift JIS, and characters originally from the Wingdings and Webdings fonts found in Microsoft Windows.
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Emoticons is a Unicode block containing emoticons or emoji. Most of them are intended as representations of faces, although some of them include hand gestures or non-human characters.
Variation Selectors is the block name of a Unicode code point block containing 16 variation selectors used to specify a glyph variant for a preceding character. They are currently used to specify standardized variation sequences for mathematical symbols, emoji symbols, 'Phags-pa letters, and CJK unified ideographs corresponding to CJK compatibility ideographs. At present only standardized variation sequences with VS1, VS2, VS3, VS15 and VS16 have been defined; VS15 and VS16 are reserved to request that a character should be displayed as text or as an emoji respectively.
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