Teresita Menzinger Ruata

Last updated

Baroness Teresita Menzinger Ruata, was an Italian politician of the National Fascist Party (PNF). [1]

Her husband died in the World War I.

She was President of the National Association of the Familys of the Fallen and Wounded in War. She was also President of the Opera Nazionale Maternità ed Infanzia (OMNI). [2]

In 1930, the national leadership of the Fascist women's organization, the Fasci Femminili, was left vacant after Angiola Moretti. There were only leaders of the local branches until the national oversight committee was established in 1937, in which Clara Franceschini and Giuditta Stelluti Scala Frascara were appointed as inspectors by Achille Starace in a shared leadership position, followed in 1938 by an additional four: Wanda Bruschi Gorjux, Laura Marani Argnani, Teresita Menzinger Ruata and Olga Medici del Vascello. [3] To be a member of the Fasci Femminili, or the women's groups under its umbrella, was the only way for a woman to be a part of the Fascist Party, which otherwise excluded women from all formal positions within the party.

Related Research Articles

Fascio is an Italian word literally meaning "a bundle" or "a sheaf", and figuratively "league", and which was used in the late 19th century to refer to political groups of many different orientations. A number of nationalist fasci later evolved into the 20th century Fasci movement, which became known as fascism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giacomo Acerbo</span> Italian economist and politician (1888–1969)

Giacomo Acerbo, Baron of Aterno, was an Italian economist and politician. He is best known for having drafted the Acerbo Law that allowed the National Fascist Party (PNF) to achieve a supermajority of two-thirds of the Italian Parliament after the 1924 Italian general election, which saw intimidation tactics against voters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Augusto Turati</span> Italian politician

Augusto Turati was an Italian journalist and Fascist politician.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opera Nazionale Balilla</span> Italian Fascist youth organization

Opera Nazionale Balilla (ONB) was an Italian Fascist youth organization functioning between 1926 and 1937, when it was absorbed into the Gioventù Italiana del Littorio (GIL), a youth section of the National Fascist Party.

<i>Fasci Italiani di Combattimento</i> Political party in Italy (1919–1921)

The Fasci Italiani di Combattimento was an Italian fascist organisation created by Benito Mussolini in 1919. It was the successor of the Fascio d'Azione Rivoluzionaria, being notably further right than its predecessor. The Fasci Italiani di Combattimento was reorganised into the National Fascist Party in 1921.

Squadrismo was the movement of squadre d'azione, the fascist militias that were organised outside the authority of the Italian state and led by local leaders called ras. The militia originally consisted of farmers and middle-class people, who created their own defence from revolutionary socialists. Squadrismo became an important asset for the rise of the National Fascist Party, led by Benito Mussolini, and systematically used violence to eliminate any political parties that were opposed to Italian Fascism.

Women in Italy refers to females who are from Italy. The legal and social status of Italian women has undergone rapid transformations and changes during the past decades. This includes family laws, the enactment of anti-discrimination measures, and reforms to the penal code.

This is a list of words, terms, concepts, and slogans in the Italian language and Latin language which were specifically used in Fascist Italian monarchy and Italian Social Republic.

Feminism in Italy originated during the Italian renaissance period, beginning in the late 13th century. Italian writers such as Moderata Fonte, Lucrezia Marinella, and others developed the theoretical ideas behind gender equality. In contrast to feminist movements in France and United Kingdom, early women's rights advocates in Italy emphasized women's education and improvement in social conditions.

The Pact of Pacification or Pacification Pact was a peace agreement officially signed by Benito Mussolini, who would later become dictator of Italy, and other leaders of the Fasci with the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) and the General Confederation of Labor (CGL) in Rome on August 2 or 3, 1921. The Pact called for “immediate action to put an end to the threats, assaults, reprisals, acts of vengeance, and personal violence of any description,” by either side for the “mutual respect” of “all economic organizations.” The Italian Futurists, Syndicalists and others favored Mussolini’s peace pact as an attempt at “reconciliation with the Socialists.” Others saw it as a means to form a “grand coalition of new mass parties” to “overthrow the liberal systems,” via parliament or civil society.

Piera Fondelli Gatteschi was the commander of the Female Auxiliary Service of the Italian Social Republic, a member of the National Fascist Party and a participant in the March on Rome.

Massaie Rurali was an Italian organisation for peasant women within the Italian Fascist Party (PNF). MR was founded in 1933 and disbanded in 1945. It was the largest women's organisation in Fascist Italy and one of the largest organisations, with more than three million members in 1943.

Fasci Femminili (FF) ("Female Groups") was the women's section of the Italian Fascist Party (PNF). The FF was founded in 1919 and disbanded in 1945. It incorporated all the other Fascist organizations for women and girls, which were all formally sections of the FF.

Angiola Moretti, was an Italian politician of the National Fascist Party (PNF).

Elisa Majer Rizzioli (1880-1930), was an Italian politician of the National Fascist Party (PNF).

Laura Marani Argnani (1865-1955), was an Italian politician of the National Fascist Party (PNF).

Giuditta "Itta" Stelluti Scala Frascara was an Italian politician of the National Fascist Party (PNF).

Clara Franceschini, was an Italian politician of the National Fascist Party (PNF).

Wanda Bruschi Gorjux (1889-1976), was an Italian politician of the National Fascist Party (PNF).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olga Medici del Vascello</span>

Olga Medici del Vascello (1882-1966), was an Italian politician of the National Fascist Party (PNF).

References

  1. ↑ WILLSON, P. (2018). GROUP PORTRAIT: THE ISPETTRICI NAZIONALI OF THE ITALIAN FASCIST PARTY, 1937–1943. The Historical Journal, 61(2), 431-451. doi:10.1017/S0018246X17000206
  2. ↑ Caroli, D. (n.d.). Day Nurseries & Childcare in Europe, 1800–1939. Storbritannien: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
  3. ↑ de Grazia, V. (1992). How Fascism Ruled Women: Italy, 1922–1945. USA: University of California Press.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.