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Victor-Marie Hugo, vicomte Hugo was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms.
Les Misérables is a French epic historical novel by Victor Hugo, first published in 1862, that is considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. Les Misérables has been popularized through numerous adaptations for film, television, and the stage, including a musical.
The Panthéon is a monument in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. It stands in the Latin Quarter, atop the Montagne Sainte-Geneviève, in the centre of the Place du Panthéon, which was named after it. The edifice was built between 1758 and 1790, from designs by Jacques-Germain Soufflot, at the behest of King Louis XV of France; the king intended it as a church dedicated to Saint Genevieve, Paris's patron saint, whose relics were to be housed in the church. Neither Soufflot nor Louis XV lived to see the church completed.
Pierre Jacques Étienne, 1st Viscount Cambronne, was a general of the First French Empire. A main strategist of the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars, he was wounded at the Battle of Waterloo.
Napoléon le Petit was an influential political pamphlet by Victor Hugo, published in 1852. It criticised the rule of Napoleon III and the politics of the Second French Empire for which he left Belgium, and later was expelled of Jersey. Hugo lived in exile in Guernsey for most of Napoleon III's reign and his criticism was significant because he was one of the most prominent Frenchmen of the time and widely respected.
Les Châtiments is a collection of poems by Victor Hugo, first published in 1853, that fiercely attack Napoléon III's Second Empire.
Jean Maximilien Lamarque was a French general of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars who later became a member of the French Parliament. Lamarque served with distinction in many of Napoleon's campaigns. He was particularly noted for his capture of Capri from the British, and for his defeat of Royalist forces in the Vendée in 1815. The latter campaign received great praise from Napoleon, who said Lamarque had "performed wonders, and even surpassed my hopes".
The coup d'état of 2 December 1851 was a self-coup staged by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, at the time President of France under the Second Republic. Code-named Operation Rubicon and timed to coincide with the anniversary of Napoleon I's coronation and victory at Austerlitz, the coup dissolved the National Assembly, granted dictatorial powers to the president and preceded the establishment of the Second French Empire a year later.
Actes et Paroles is a collection of Victor Hugo's political utterances from 1841 to 1876. It contains his speeches, largely unchanged, and a record of his political career.
Victor Claude Alexandre Fanneau de La Horie was a French general, conspirator against Napoleon, and godfather of Victor Hugo.
Patron-Minette was the name given to a street gang in Victor Hugo's 1862 novel Les Misérables and the musical of the same name. The gang consisted of five criminals: Montparnasse, Claquesous, Babet, and Gueulemer, Brujon. They were well acquainted with the Thénardiers, who recruited them to assist in robbing Jean Valjean.
Events from the year 1851 in France.
Events from the year 1802 in France.
Sea Devils is a 1953 colour British–American historical adventure film, directed by Raoul Walsh and starring Rock Hudson, Yvonne De Carlo, and Maxwell Reed. The story is based on Victor Hugo's novel Toilers of the Sea which was the working title of the film. The scenes at sea were shot around the Channel Islands, and much of the rest of the film was shot on location in those islands as well.
Félix Julien Jean Bigot de Préameneu was one of the four legal authors of the Napoleonic Code written at the request of Napoleon at the beginning of the nineteenth century.
The Penal Code of 1810 was a code of criminal law created under Napoleon which replaced the Penal Code of 1791. Among other things, this code reinstated a life imprisonment punishment, as well as branding. These had been abolished in the French Penal Code of 1791. Issued on June 3, 1810, it stayed in use until March 1, 1994 when it was replaced by the Code pénal.
Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo, Count Hugo de Cogolludo y Sigüenza was a French general in the Napoleonic Wars. He was the husband of Sophie Trébuchet and the father of four sons. He is best known for his relationship to his third son, the eminent writer and French peer, Victor Hugo.
Le Rappel was a French daily newspaper founded in 1869 by Victor Hugo's sons Charles and François-Victor and three others. It was published from the end of the French Second Empire until 1933. At the start of the Third Republic, it embodied a radical-republican tendency and as such was highly contested by the French government.
Charles-Victor Hugo was a French journalist, photographer, the second son of French novelist Victor Hugo and his wife Adèle Foucher.
Abel Joseph Hugo was a French military officer, essayist, and historian. His younger brother was the novelist Victor Hugo.
References
- ↑ Barrère, Jean-Bertrand. "Exile (1851–70) of Victor Hugo". Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 7 November 2024.
