The Hypochondriac (play)

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The Hypochondriac
Author Aleksey Pisemsky
Original titleИпохондрик
Country Russian Empire
Language Russian
Genre comedy
Publisher Moskvityanin
Publication date
1851
Media type print (Hardback & Paperback)
Followed byThe Allotment (1852)

The Hypochondriac (Russian : Иппохондрик, translit.  Ippokhondrik) is a four-act comedy by Alexey Pisemsky first published in Moskvityanin 's No. 1, 1851 issue. Stopped by censors in 1852, it premiered on 21 September 1855 in Saint Petersburg's Alexandrinsky Theatre. [1]

Russian language East Slavic language

Russian is an East Slavic language, which is official in the Russian Federation, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely used throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia. It was the de facto language of the Soviet Union until its dissolution on 25 December 1991. Although, nowadays, nearly three decades after the breakup of the Soviet Union, Russian is used in official capacity or in public life in all the post-Soviet nation-states, as well as in Israel and Mongolia, the rise of state-specific varieties of this language tends to be strongly denied in Russia, in line with the Russian World ideology.

Romanization of Russian Romanization of the Russian alphabet

Romanization of Russian is the process of transliterating the Russian language from the Cyrillic script into the Latin script.

Comedy genre of dramatic works intended to be humorous

In a modern sense, comedy refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film, stand-up comedy, or any other medium of entertainment. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece. In the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a dramatic performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a "Society of Youth" and a "Society of the Old." A revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. In this struggle, the youth is understood to be constrained by his lack of social authority, and is left with little choice but to take recourse in ruses which engender very dramatic irony which provokes laughter.

Contents

History

As the play was rejected by censors in 1852, Pisemsky embarked upon re-writing it, following Mikhail Pogodin's advice. In a letter to Pogodin he wrote:

Mikhail Pogodin Russian historian and journalist

Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin was a Russian historian and journalist who, jointly with Nikolay Ustryalov, dominated the national historiography between the death of Nikolay Karamzin in 1826 and the rise of Sergey Solovyov in the 1850s. He is best remembered as a staunch proponent of the Normanist theory of Russian statehood.

...I thank you greatly for the troubles you've taken concerning my Hypochondriac. Following your advice I started a re-write, but found myself at a loss as to what exactly is here to be changed. You told me to try and appease my critics, but those were few. Fore example, Sovremennik said that the comedy's plot lacked the starting point. This may be true, but to do something about it is now impossible. Biblioteka Dlya Chtenya heaped a pile of rubbish. Otechestvennye Zapiski sported some jaundice, but nothing apart from that. I doubt that from all this one could pick a single advise to follow. There's just one thing: for me [the play] looks a bit too long and so I am going to make some cuts. [1]

Productions

In 1855, after prolonged negotiations, the permission for the comedy to be produced on stage the Imperial Theatres was received. It premiered on 21 September 1855 in Saint Petersburg's Alexandrinsky Theatre and had a run of six performances. Reviews were mixed and occasionally contained self-contradictory statements. Biblioteka Dlya Chtenya called it "excellent... highly intelligent comedy," even if "overblown" and sporting a hero that was "unspeakably dull". Sovremennik (in an anonymous review the authorship of which was later ascribed to Nikolai Nekrasov) opined that the production was a success although the play itself "lacked even a modicum of thought". [1]

In 1857 the play was staged at the Moscow's Maly Theatre. The Theatre and Music Herald (Teatralny i muzykalny vestnik) called it "dry and somewhat dreary," but credited the actors involved (among them Prov Sadovsky and Nadezhda Rykalova) with saving it by providing "most expressive performances." [2]

Maly Theatre (Moscow) theatre in Moscow, Russia

Maly Theatre is a theatre in Moscow, Russia, principally associated with the production of plays. Established in 1806 and operating on its present site on the Theatre Square since 1824, the theatre traces its history to the Moscow University drama company, established in 1756. In the 19th century, Maly was "universally recognized in Russia as the leading dramatic theatre of the century", and was the home stage for Mikhail Shchepkin and Maria Yermolova. 40 of Alexander Ostrovsky's 54 plays premiered at Maly, and the theatre was known as The House of Ostrovsky. The Maly Theatre in Moscow and Alexandrinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg "to a great extent determined the development of Russian theatre during the 19th and 20th century".

Prov Sadovsky was the stage name of Prov Mikhailovich Yermilov (1818-1872), a Russian actor who founded the famous Sadovsky theatrical family, which was regarded as the foremost interpreters of the plays by Aleksandr Ostrovsky in the Malyi Theatre until the mid-20th century. It has been said that Sadovsky and his relatives made of Ostrovsky's plays a national institution. Additionally, Prov Sadovsky finds mention in ´Anton Chekhov's famous 1896 play, The Seagull, in a comparison to a famous Russian comedian of the same era, Pavel Chadin. Both men were known at the time to play the same character, Rasplyuev, from the comedy, The Marriage of Krechinsky by A. Sukhovo-Kobylin.

Nadezhda Rykalova Russian actor (1824-1914)

Nadezhda Vasilyevna Rykalova was a Russian stage actress, best known for her Maly Theatre performances in plays by Alexander Ostrovsky, who created the Kabanikha character especially for her.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Yeryomin, M. (1982). "Commentaries to Hypochondriac. The Works by A.F. Pisemsky in 5 volumes. Vol. 5". Khudozhestvennaya Literatura Publishers. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  2. Театральный и музыкальный вестник, 1857, 17 November, p. 622.