 | |
| Type | Weekly newspaper |
|---|---|
| Founded | 10 June 1848 |
| Political alignment | Irish nationalism |
| Language | English |
| Ceased publication | 8 July 1848 |
| Headquarters | Dublin |
The Irish Tribune was a short-lived nationalist newspaper printed weekly in Dublin in 1848. Five issues were published until its suppression by the British Government.
It was founded during the atmosphere of the revolutions of 1848. The Nation was a nationalist newspaper supportive of Daniel O'Connell's Repeal Association. One of its writers, John Mitchel, resigned in 1847, wanting to engage in a more "vigorous policy against the English government". In February 1848, he published the United Irishman , promoting sedition. He was eventually charged with treason felony, a new amendment to the crime of high treason. On 21 May, he was sentenced to be transported to Van Diemen's Land for fourteen years. [1] [2] [3]
Other Young Irelanders conspired to fill the gap left by Mitchel. For The Irish Tribune, the proprietors were scientist and physician, Thomas Antisell, who had a clinic, a lectureship in botany and was an assistant to the chemist Professor Robert Kane, and two medical students, Kevin O'Doherty and Richard Williams. It was published at 11 Trinity Street, Dublin, and printed by Denis Hoban. The first issue came out on 10 June 1848. Antisell helped with the funding (there were shareholders) and contributed articles. Williams' poetry had been published in The Nation and another contributor published in The Nation, John Savage, penned poems for the Tribune. The paper included a full-page memoir of John Mitchel, a republican manifesto, articles reporting on chartism the revolutionary fervour across Europe, and an advertisement for John Martin's imminent "successor" to The United Irishman, The Irish Felon . [4] The Tribune itself was considered by many to be that successor, but in the second issue editors clarified this was not intended (orders for the Tribune had been sent to The United Irishman's office at 12 Trinity Street). [5] [6] [7] [8]
The fifth issue was the last to be published, on 8 July 1848. Members of the House of Commons and the House of Lords remained exercised by threats from Irish Confederates and events associated with the famine. [9] [10] [11] The Government took the type and proofs of the sixth issue and suppressed future publication. O'Doherty and Williams were arrested on 10 July, along with Martin. [The Nation was suppressed and had its type removed on 28 July]. After two failed trials, O'Doherty was convicted of the same crime as Mitchel on 30 October and sentenced to transportation to Van Diemen's Land for ten years, as was Martin. Williams was acquitted on 1 September. Antisell was sentenced to exile and imprisonment, but escaped arrest as a friend helped to secure a post as a surgeon on a US-bound ship; he and others, including Savage, arrived there in November. [12] [13]
John Mitchel was an Irish nationalist writer and journalist chiefly renowned for his indictment of British policy in Ireland during the years of the Great Famine. Concluding that, in Ireland, legal and constitutional agitation was a "delusion", Mitchel broke first with Daniel O'Connell's Repeal Association and then with his Young Ireland colleagues at the paper The Nation. In 1848, as editor of his own journal, United Irishman, he was convicted of seditious libel and sentenced to 14-years penal transportation for advocating James Fintan Lalor's programme of co-ordinated resistance to landlords and to the continued shipment of harvests to England.
The Nation was an Irish nationalist weekly newspaper, published in the 19th century. The Nation was printed first at 12 Trinity Street, Dublin from 15 October 1842 until 6 January 1844. The paper was afterwards published at 4 D'Olier Street from 13 July 1844, to 28 July 1848, when the issue for the following day was seized and the paper suppressed. It was published again in Middle Abbey Street on its revival in September 1849 until 1900, when it merged with the Irish Weekly Independent.
William Smith O'Brien was an Irish nationalist Member of Parliament (MP) and a leader of the Young Ireland movement. He also encouraged the use of the Irish language. He was convicted of sedition for his part in the Young Irelander "Famine Rebellion" of 1848 but his sentence of death was commuted to deportation to Van Diemen's Land. In 1854, he was released on the condition of exile from Ireland, and he lived in Brussels for two years. In 1856 Smith O'Brien was pardoned and returned to Ireland, but he was never active again in politics.
Terence Bellew MacManus was an Irish rebel who participated in the Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848. Sentenced to death for treason, he and several other participants were given commuted sentences in 1849 and transported for life to Van Diemen's Land in Australia. Three years later in 1852, MacManus escaped and emigrated to the United States.
Thomas Francis Meagher was an Irish nationalist and leader of the Young Irelanders in the Rebellion of 1848. After being convicted of sedition, he was first sentenced to death but received transportation for life to Van Diemen's Land in Australia.
Young Ireland was a political and cultural movement in the 1840s committed to an all-Ireland struggle for independence and democratic reform. Grouped around the Dublin weekly The Nation, it took issue with the compromises and clericalism of the larger national movement, Daniel O'Connell's Repeal Association, from which it seceded in 1847. Despairing, in the face of the Great Famine, of any other course, in 1848 Young Irelanders attempted an insurrection. Following the arrest and the exile of most of their leading figures, the movement split between those who carried the commitment to "physical force" forward into the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and those who sought to build a "League of North and South" linking an independent Irish parliamentary party to tenant agitation for land reform.
Kevin Izod O'Doherty was an Irish Australian politician who, as a Young Irelander, had been transported to Tasmania in 1849. He was first elected to the Queensland Legislative Assembly in 1867. In the 1885 he returned to Europe briefly serving as an Irish Home Rule MP at Westminster before returning in 1886 as a private citizen to Brisbane.
Patrick O'Donoghue (1810–1854), also known as Patrick O'Donohoe or O'Donoghoe, from Clonegal, County Carlow, was an Irish Nationalist revolutionary and journalist, a member of the Young Ireland movement.
John Martin was an Irish nationalist activist who shifted from early militant support for Young Ireland and Repeal, to non-violent alternatives such as support for tenant farmers' rights and eventually as the first Home Rule MP, for Meath 1871–1875.
Thomas Devin Reilly(Tomás Damhán Ó Raghailligh) was an Irish revolutionary, Young Irelander and journalist.
Events from the year 1848 in Ireland.
Patrick James Smyth, also known as Nicaragua Smyth, was an Irish politician and journalist. A Young Irelander in 1848, and subsequently a journalist in American exile, from 1871 he was an Irish Home Rule Member of the United Kingdom Parliament for Westmeath and from 1880 for Tipperary.
John Savage was a poet, journalist and author. He was a member of both the Young Irelanders and the Fenians.
Joseph Brenan was a poet, journalist and author, and leading member of the Young Irelanders and Irish Confederation.
Richard D'Alton Williams was an Irish physician and poet, "Shamrock" of the Nation.
Thomas Antisell was a physician, scientist, professor, and Young Irelander. He fought in the American Civil War, and served as an advisor to the Japanese Meiji government.
The United Irishman was a nationalist weekly newspaper published by John Mitchel in Dublin in 1848. It was suppressed by the British Government the same year.
Jane "Jenny" Mitchel was an Irish nationalist who joined her husband, John Mitchel, in exile in the United States where, with their sons, they sided on a pro-slavery platform with the secessionist South in the Civil War.
The Irish Felon was a nationalist weekly journal printed in Dublin in 1848. Only five issues were published before its suppression by the British Government.
The Irish People was a nationalist weekly newspaper first printed in Dublin in 1863 and supportive of the Fenian movement. It was suppressed by the British Government in 1865.
