The National Club

National Club
National Club
	The National Club building, Toronto, Canada
General information
Address	303 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Coordinates	43°38′58″N79°22′49″W / 43.64946°N 79.38038°W
Completed	December 17, 1907
Design and construction
Architect	S. George Curry
Ontario Heritage Act
Designated	March 17, 1976

Last updated October 13, 2019

The National Club is a private club founded in 1874 for business professionals located in the Financial District of Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It provides private dining and meeting facilities and accommodations to its members and guests.

A gentlemen's club, or traditional gentlemen's club, is a private social club originally set up by and for British upper-class men in the 18th century, and popularised by English upper middle-class men and women in the late 19th century and early 20th century.

The Financial District is the central business district of Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was originally planned as New Town in 1796 as an extension of the Town of York. It is the main financial district in Toronto and is considered the heart of Canada's finance industry. It is bounded roughly by Queen Street West to the north, Yonge Street to the east, Front Street to the south, and University Avenue to the west, though many office towers in the downtown core have been and are being constructed outside this area, which will extend the general boundaries. Examples of this trend are the Telus Harbour, RBC Centre, and CIBC Square.

Downtown Toronto is the main central business district of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Located entirely within the district of Old Toronto, it is approximately 17 square kilometers in area, bounded by Bloor Street to the northeast and Dupont Street to the northwest, Lake Ontario to the south, the Don Valley to the east, and Bathurst Street to the west. It is also the location of the City of Toronto government and the Government of Ontario.

History

The National Club was founded by Ontario Letters Patent on July 6, 1874. There were 24 members in the original roster.^[1] The National Club was created to provide a home and Toronto focus for Canada First, a nationalist movement founded in 1868 by George Denison, Henry Morgan, Charles Mair, William Foster and Robert Grant Haliburton. Canada First sought to “promote a sense of national purpose and to lay the intellectual foundations for Canadian nationality.”

Ontario is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada. Located in Central Canada, it is Canada's most populous province accounting for 38.3 percent of the country's population, and is the second-largest province in total area. Ontario is fourth-largest jurisdiction in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included. It is home to the nation's capital city, Ottawa, and the nation's most populous city, Toronto, which is also Ontario's provincial capital.

The Canada First movement was a Canadian nationalist movement organized in 1868 that promoted the British Protestant component as central to Canadian identity. It was at first supported by Goldwin Smith and Edward Blake. Ontario residents, George Denison, Charles Mair, William Alexander Foster and Robert Grant Haliburton founded the movement.

George Denison (1822–1902) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Addington in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1883 to 1886. He had been associated with the Canada First movement and later developed imperialist ideologies.

On March 30, 1875, the National Club moved into rented premises on the west side of Bay Street immediately south of the building that housed the original Toronto Stock Exchange.^[2] The Club's first president was Dr. Goldwin Smith, a prominent historian and journalist, and supporter of the Canada First movement. His First Vice President was William Pearce Howland, the second Lieutenant Governor of Ontario. Other founders included the Hon. Edward Blake, Ontario's first premier, and Sir Oliver Mowat, Ontario's second premier.^[3]

The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) is a stock exchange in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is the 9th largest exchange in the world by market capitalization. Based in the Exchange Tower in Toronto's Financial District, the TSX is a wholly owned subsidiary of the TMX Group for the trading of senior equities. A broad range of businesses from Canada and abroad are represented on the exchange. In addition to conventional securities, the exchange lists various exchange-traded funds, split share corporations, income trusts and investment funds. More mining and oil and gas companies are listed on Toronto Stock Exchange than any other stock exchange.

Goldwin Smith was a British historian and journalist, active in the United Kingdom and Canada.

William Pearce Howland Father of Confederation of Canada, Lieutenant Governor of Ontario

Sir William Pearce Howland, served as the second Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, from 1868 to 1873. He was one of the Fathers of Confederation.

By the 1880s, the Canada First movement virtually disappeared^[4] and the National Club had established itself as a general business and social club for Toronto's business and political leaders of all affiliations.

In 1903, $50,000 of a total estimated construction cost of $90,000 was raised by subscription among National Club members to purchase a lot and build a new clubhouse at 303 Bay Street.^[5]^[6]^[7] On September 12, 1906 the cornerstone was laid and on December 17, 1907, the National Club's new premises opened.^[8] The Globe newspaper the following day described the new premises designed by noted Toronto architect S. George Curry as “Architecturally... a triumph.”^[8] The building is protected under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act since March 17, 1976, and also enjoys a heritage easement agreement since July 16, 1984. It was designed by S.G. Curry, of the Sproatt & Rolph architectural firm.^[9] The firm of Sproatt & Rolph was responsible for designing a number of other Toronto landmarks, including Hart House (University of Toronto), the Canada Life Building, the Fairmont Royal York Hotel, Bishop Strachan School, Eaton's College Street store, and the Canada Permanent Trust building across the street from The National Club.^[10] The National Club is one of the few remaining intact buildings on Bay Street from this period.

<i>The Globe</i> (Toronto newspaper) Toronto newspaper

The Globe was a newspaper in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, founded in 1844 by George Brown as a Reform voice. It merged with The Mail and Empire in 1936 to form The Globe and Mail.

Samuel George Curry was a Canadian architect who practiced in Toronto as the junior partner of several of Toronto’s leading architects, among them Frank Darling and from 1892 Darling's partner John A. Pearson, Henry Sproatt, Francis S. Baker, Ernest Rolph and W. F. Sparling.

The Ontario Heritage Act, first enacted on March 5, 1975, allows municipalities and the provincial government to designate individual properties and districts in the Province of Ontario, Canada, as being of cultural heritage value or interest.

Today

The National Club maintains its historic clubhouse at 303 Bay Street, composed of three large principal dining rooms, eleven private meeting rooms and three lounges. A new rooftop patio and enclosure was opened in early 2014.^[11] A major renovation was undertaken in 2017-18 that created a new bistro-style wine bar and open kitchen dining facility on the front of the 4th floor of the Club called the "1874 Bar & Grill".^[12] The National Club has six rooms of hotel-style accommodations for visiting members and guests. The red brick, four-storey Georgian building has undergone several periods of extensive internal renovation in its history to maintain both the cosmetic and mechanical aspects of the facilities. In 2014 the National Club received the "Club of the Year Award" from the Canadian Society of Club Managers.^[13]

The National Club has a significant collection of Canadian art and a wine cellar with approximately 40,000 bottles. Stained glass windows in the Main Dining Room depicting the arms of Canada and the provinces were created by the Toronto company of Pringle & London, which worked with Tiffany & Co. and also installed many of the Toronto church and cathedral stained glass windows in the late 1800s and early 1900s. The National Club is connected to the Toronto PATH system of concourses and tunnels through an unmarked door leading to the lower level of the Scotia Plaza. The National Club is affiliated with approximately 250 other private clubs in Canada and around the world, providing its members with reciprocal dining and accommodation privileges.

Membership

Members must be men or women over the age of 21 years and be of good character, and be reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors.^[14]. The National Club has approximately 500 resident members, in addition to members in senior, overseas and other categories. The National Club was one of the earliest Toronto private city clubs to extend full membership to women in 1992.^[15]

The membership of the former Ontario Club joined the National Club in 2010 after the lease expired on its own clubhouse in Commerce Court.

Prominent members

The National Club has had on its roster a number of noted Canadians, including many national and provincial politicians. Sir Wilfrid Laurier was an early member and sat for a portrait after opening the current clubhouse in 1907. Others include:

The Hon. Lincoln M. Alexander, 26th lt. Gov. Ontario
Joseph E. Atkinson, founder of the Toronto Star newspaper
Wilfrid Dinnick, developer of Toronto's Lawrence Park Estates
Timothy Eaton, founder of Eaton's department stores
Gerhardt Heintzman, founder of Heintzman Pianos
Sidney Hermant, President of Imperial Optical
JP Hynes, renowned Canadian architect responsible for the design of the Hotel Victoria (originally Hotel Mossop)
Edward J. Lennox, noted architect responsible for the design of Old City Hall, Casa Loma and King Edward Hotel
John Northway, founder of Northway Department Stores
Henry Patten, General Manager, Toronto Transportation Commission
Robert Simpson, founder of Simpson's department stores^[16]
Fred Smye, President of Avro Aircraft Limited (Canada)

Grant of arms

In 1996, the National Club was granted its own arms and flag by the Canadian Heraldic Authority.^[17]

Presidents

Year	President
1875-76	Dr. Goldwin Smith
1877	Sir William P. Howland
1878	Dr. Goldwin Smith
1879-82	The Hon. Adam Crooks
1883-84	Col. George T. Denison
1885-86	Alexander Manning
1887-89	Hugh Blain
1890-91	Barlow Cumberland
1892	John Akers
1893-96	Frank Arnoldi, Q.C.
1897-1900	W.K. McNaught
1901-02	John F. Ellis
1903-05	Col. Noel G.L. Marshall
1906-07	W.K. George
1908-09	G.T. Irving
1910-11	William Stone
1912-13	W.P. Gundy
1914-15	A.L. Malone
1916	R. Southam
1917	R.S. Gourlay
1918-19	S. Casey Wood, K.C.
1920	F.A. Rolph
1921-22	G.E. Scroggie
1923-24	John Turnbull
1925-26	C.B McNaught
1927-28	E.G. Long, K.C.
1929-30	John Westren
1931-32	C.E. Abbs
1933-34	Brig.- Gen. C.H. Mitchell, C.B., C.M.G., D.S.O.
1935-36	J.J. Gibbons
1937-38	T.W. Jull
1939	F. Erichsen-Brown, K.C.
1940	J.M. Lalor
1941	J.T. Richardson, K.C.
1942	J.Y. Murdoch, K.C., LL.D.
1943	E.W. Bickle
1944	E.C. Fox, LL.D.
1945	H.J. Coon
1946	William Zimmerman, K.C.
1947	H.R. Stephenson
1948	H.B. Housser
1949	Robert Lynch Stailing
1950	W.G. Malcolm
1951	J.A. Northey
1952	D.A.Y. Merrick
1953	W.W. McLaughlin, Q.C.
1954	S.A. Duke
1955	E.H. Dickinson
1956	A.P. Jewett, O.B.E.
1957	J.A. Scythes
1958	L.J. McGowan
1959	H.P. Herington, F.C.A.
1960	R.G. Meech, Q.C.
1961	H.T. O’Neil
1962	A.J. Mylrea
1963	H.H. Webb, M.B.E.
1964	W.W. Parry, Q.C.
1965	W. Dent Smith, LL.D.
1966	John F. Ellis, M.B.E.
1967	W.P. Freyseng
1968	John E. Langdon
1969	J. D. MacFarlane, M.B.E.
1970	Oakah L. Jones
1971	J.G. Housser, M.C., E.D.
1972	Murray Bosley
1973	W. Grant Ross
1974	J.S. Deacon
1975	F.R. Hume, Q.C.
1976	C. Gordon Page
1977	A.R. Marchment, F.C.A.
1978	D.W. Morrison, D.F.C.
1979	W.H. Broadhurst, F.C.A.
1980	R.C. Meech, Q.C.
1981	G.W. Woods, F.C.A.
1982	E.J. Mannion
1983	S.E. Eagles, D.C.L.
1984	M.A. Hasley
1985	J. Chisholm, Lyons, Q.C.
1986	R.G. Stackhouse, F.C.A.
1987	R.H. Hawkes, Q.C.
1988	E.B. Heyland
1989	Peter P. Biggs
1990	R.E. MacKay, F.C.A.
1991	W.B. Boggs
1992	R.E. Lint
1993	J.A. Black
1994	J.A. Bradshaw, Q.C.
1995	M.J. O’Leary
1996	Roger A. Lindsay, of Craighall
1997	Hugh H. Turnbull
1998	George A. Fierheller, C.M., B.A., LL.D.
1999	L. Diane Woodruff
2000	John M. McGuire
2001	The Honourable Mr. Justice Randall Scott Echlin
2002	Eric Stevenson
2003	Col. Blake C. Goldring, C.F.A., LL.D.
2004	Catherine Lyons
2005	Stephen LeDrew
2006	Pamela P. Jeffery
2007	Ed Burns
2008	Joseph J. Markson
2009	Daniel N. Argiros
2010	T. John Quinn
2011	P. Lee Fisher
2012	Norman F. Torrie
2013	Stephen J. Lautens
2014	Bruce Bowser
2015	Sean Hoehn
2016	Craig Smith
2017-18	Winnie Lindy Go (current)

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References

↑ "Hawkes, D.F., ed. "The National Century: A history of The National Club 1874 to 1974." Toronto, 1974, page IX
↑ "The National Century", p. 3
↑ "125: The first 125 years - The National Club" Toronto, 1999, page 2 http://www.thenationalclub.com/images/sitepicts/images/125Book.pdf
↑ Gough, Barry M., "Historical Dictionary of Canada", 2nd Ed., Scarecrow Press, 2010 pp. 112-13
↑ "The National Century", p. 15
↑ "The National Club: Life membership provided on payment of $1000", The Toronto Star, 6 January 1906
↑ "Members Indorse the Proposal to Purchase Old Robinson House", Toronto Daily Star, 5 January 1904
1 2 "The National Century", p. 31
↑ "Heritage Property Detail". City of Toronto Heritage. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
↑ "Once Upon A City: The opulent landmarks of Sproatt & Rolph" Toronto Star, March 9, 2017 https://www.thestar.com/yourtoronto/once-upon-a-city-archives/2017/03/09/once-upon-a-city-the-opulent-landmarks-of-sproatt-rolph.html
↑ http://thenationalclub.blogspot.ca/2014/01/rooftop-patio-liquor-license-received.html
↑ https://thenationalclub.com/diningrooms
↑ https://secure.cscm.org/default.asp?id=1513
↑ Meritsoft Corporation - BUZ Software - WebCommunicator - www.webcommunicator.net. "Membership". The National Club. Retrieved 2013-04-04.
↑ "125: The first 125 years - The National Club", p. 8
↑ "National Club holds annual meeting and elects officers", Toronto Daily Star, 4 May 1899
↑ "National Club [Civil Institution]". Reg.gg.ca. 2005-07-28. Retrieved 2013-04-04.

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[1] "Hawkes, D.F., ed. "The National Century: A history of The National Club 1874 to 1974." Toronto, 1974, page IX

[2] "The National Century", p. 3

[3] "125: The first 125 years - The National Club" Toronto, 1999, page 2 http://www.thenationalclub.com/images/sitepicts/images/125Book.pdf

[4] Gough, Barry M., "Historical Dictionary of Canada", 2nd Ed., Scarecrow Press, 2010 pp. 112-13

[5] "The National Century", p. 15

[6] "The National Club: Life membership provided on payment of $1000", The Toronto Star, 6 January 1906

[7] "Members Indorse the Proposal to Purchase Old Robinson House", Toronto Daily Star, 5 January 1904

[TheNational-8] 1 2 "The National Century", p. 31

[9] "Heritage Property Detail". City of Toronto Heritage. Retrieved August 2, 2016.

[10] "Once Upon A City: The opulent landmarks of Sproatt & Rolph" Toronto Star, March 9, 2017 https://www.thestar.com/yourtoronto/once-upon-a-city-archives/2017/03/09/once-upon-a-city-the-opulent-landmarks-of-sproatt-rolph.html

[11] ttp://thenationalclub.blogspot.ca/2014/01/rooftop-patio-liquor-license-received.html

[12] ttps://thenationalclub.com/diningrooms

[13] ttps://secure.cscm.org/default.asp?id=1513

[14] Meritsoft Corporation - BUZ Software - WebCommunicator - www.webcommunicator.net. "Membership". The National Club. Retrieved 2013-04-04.

[15] "125: The first 125 years - The National Club", p. 8

[16] "National Club holds annual meeting and elects officers", Toronto Daily Star, 4 May 1899

[17] "National Club [Civil Institution]". Reg.gg.ca. 2005-07-28. Retrieved 2013-04-04.