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Louis Riel was a Canadian politician, a founder of the province of Manitoba, and a political leader of the Métis people. He led two resistance movements against the Government of Canada and its first prime minister John A. Macdonald. Riel sought to defend Métis rights and identity as the Northwest Territories came progressively under the Canadian sphere of influence.
The North-West Rebellion, also known as the North-West Resistance, was an armed resistance movement by the Métis under Louis Riel and an associated uprising by Cree and Assiniboine of the District of Saskatchewan, North-West Territories, against the Canadian government. Many Métis felt that Canada was not protecting their rights, their land, and their survival as a distinct people. Fighting broke out in late March, and the conflict ended in June. About 91 people were killed in the fighting that occurred that spring before the conflict ended with the capture of Batoche in May 1885.
The Red River Colony, also known as Assiniboia, was a colonization project set up in 1811 by Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, on 300,000 square kilometres (120,000 sq mi) of land in British North America. This land was granted to Douglas by the Hudson's Bay Company in the Selkirk Concession. It included portions of Rupert's Land, or the watershed of Hudson Bay, bounded on the north by the line of 52° N latitude roughly from the Assiniboine River east to Lake Winnipegosis. It then formed a line of 52° 30′ N latitude from Lake Winnipegosis to Lake Winnipeg, and by the Winnipeg River, Lake of the Woods and Rainy River.
The Red River Rebellion, also known as the Red River Resistance, Red River uprising, or First Riel Rebellion, was the sequence of events that led up to the 1869 establishment of a provisional government by Métis leader Louis Riel and his followers at the Red River Colony, in the early stages of establishing today's Canadian province of Manitoba. It had earlier been a territory called Rupert's Land and been under control of the Hudson's Bay Company before it was sold.
Events from the year 1885 in Canada.
Events from the year 1884 in Canada.
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Due to Louis Riel's ubiquity as one of the most studied figures in Canadian history, the historiography of Louis Riel naturally leads to several interpretations and understandings of actions and reactions depending on the scholar in question. One of the reasons the rebellion or resistance paradigm is so deeply ingrained in the Canadian historical tradition is because Riel has been studied so much. Still this article's challenge is to discover Riel as a human being and to "appreciate the pathos and tragedy" of his life and of Métis history, not to "create, debunk, or venerate" an icon.
Robert Grant Haliburton Q.C., D.C.L. was a Canadian lawyer and anthropologist. He became famous after founding the Canada First organization that saw English Canadian society as the "heirs of Aryan northmen" and that the French Canadians were a "bar to progress."
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References
- ↑ "Canada First | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
- ↑ Vigod, B.L. (2010), Canada First, The Canadian Encyclopedia, archived from the original on 2011-07-20, retrieved 2010-04-21
- ↑ Siamandas, George, John Christian Shultz One of Manitoba's Colourful Businessmen Becomes Lieut. Gov , retrieved 2010-04-21
- ↑ Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: Schultz, Sir John Christian, University of Toronto, 2000, retrieved 2010-04-21
- ↑ Dimitry Anastakis (2015). Death in the Peaceable Kingdom: Canadian History since 1867 through Murder, Execution, Assassination, and Suicide. U of Toronto Press. p. 27. ISBN 9781442606364.
- ↑ Hougham, G.M. (May 1953). "Canada First: A Minor Party in Microcosm". The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science. 19 (2): 175. doi:10.2307/138387. JSTOR 138387.
- ↑ Hougham, G.M. "Canada First": 177.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ Vigod, B.L. "Canada First". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on March 16, 2012. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
- ↑ Taylor, M. Brook (1994). "Lindsey, Charles". In Cook, Ramsay (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-0-8020-3998-9.