Thieme-Becker is a German biographical dictionary of artists.
Thieme-Becker is a German biographical dictionary of artists.
The dictionary was begun under the editorship of Ulrich Thieme (1865–1922) [1] (volumes one to fifteen) and Felix Becker (1864–1928) [2] (volumes one to four). It was completed under the editorship of Frederick Charles Willis (b. 1883) (volumes fourteen and fifteen) and Hans Vollmer (1878–1969) (volumes sixteen to thirty-seven). [3] [4]
Its full title is Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart (English: General Dictionary of Artists from Antiquity to the Present), and it was published in thirty-seven volumes between 1907 and 1950, the first four volumes by Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann of Leipzig, and the remainder by Verlag E.A. Seemann, also of Leipzig. [3] [4]
Thieme-Becker was immediately supplemented by Vollmer's Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler des XX. Jahrhunderts (English: General Dictionary of Artists of the 20th Century), published in six volumes by E.A. Seemann between 1953 and 1962. [4] The supplement is referred to as Vollmer, and the two works together as Thieme-Becker-Vollmer.
The first thirty-seven volumes contain 148,180 biographies written with the help of around 400 specialists worldwide. [3] [4] The six supplementary volumes contain a further 47,229 biographies written almost entirely by Hans Vollmer. [3] [4] The attention Thieme-Becker-Vollmer paid to non-Western artists, including those from Asia and the Islamic world, made it a "pioneering enterprise." [5] It is still valued for its coverage of otherwise little-known artists, architects, and designers, and as a summa of art scholarship in the first half of the twentieth century. It "remains the most authoritative dictionary of artists" [6] and the most widely consulted reference of its kind, even in English-speaking countries. [7] [8] The bibliographic sections are considered "outstanding" and "invaluable." [9]
Thieme-Becker-Vollmer has rarely been out of print. Anastatic and photomechanical facsimiles of the original volumes were published from the 1940s to the 1980s, and the entire forty-three-volume set has been reissued in trade paperback (1992), in a student edition (1999), and on CD-ROM (2008). [10] The publication of a six-volume index as late as 1996–1997 was a measure of the work's enduring usefulness. [11]
A complete overhaul of Thieme-Becker-Vollmer began in 1969 under the title Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon: Die bildenden Künstler aller Zeiten und Völker, or AKL (English: literally General Dictionary of Artists: The Artists of All Times and Nations, but marketed as Artists of the World). [3] Early progress was slow (three volumes 1983–1989), due partly to the project's isolation in East Germany. [3] The pace picked up in 1991, when it switched to "electronic data processing" and a new publisher, K.G. Saur Verlag of Munich. [3] Since 2006, AKL has been published by Walter de Gruyter of Berlin, and by 2014 it had reached Volume 83: Lalix–Leibowitz. [12] There is also an online edition, Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon: Internationale Künstlerdatenbank , or AKL-IKD or AKL Online, which by 2014 included 500,000 biographies (containing information on one million artists); it is continuously updated and about 3,500 new entries are added annually. [13]
Ernst Deodat Paul-Ferdinand Ewald was a German painter.
Hellmut Eichrodt was a German painter and graphic artist.
Hans von Hayek was an Austrian-born German Impressionist painter.
Anna Klein was a German landscape, animal and genre painter. She specialized in motifs from Upper Bavaria and Tyrol and designed many utilitarian items such as labels, bookplates and postcards in addition to her canvases. A large number of her paintings may be found at the Gemäldegalerie Dachau, where a retrospective was held in 2008.
Ulrich Thieme was a German art historian. He was the son of the industrialist and art collector Alfred Thieme (1830–1906), brother of the publisher Georg Thieme (1830–1906) and grandfather of the painter Peter Flinsch (1920–2010).
Johann Koerbecke was a German Gothic painter of the Westphalian School. He is believed to have worked with the Master of the Schöppingen Altarpiece and the Master of 1473. He was the first painter from Westphalia who can be named.
Henri-Guillaume Schlesinger, originally Wilhelm Heinrich Schlesinger was a French portrait and genre painter of German birth. He was especially known for his lively and sensitive depictions of young women.
Erwin Lang was an Austrian painter. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1928 Summer Olympics. On December 14th, 2007, Erwin Lang's oil on canvas painting The Dancer Grete Weisenthal With Her Son and Sister was sold at auction in New York via Christie's for $51,400.
Johann Baptist Heinefetter was a German Romantic painter.
Hans Vollmer was a German art historian and encyclopedist.
Franz Heckendorf was a German expressionist painter closely associated with the Berlin Secession. He contributed works to the painting event in the art competition at the 1928 Summer Olympics. His work was highly regarded during the Weimar Republic but from 1937 was classed as entartete Kunst. During World War II, he was incarcerated in various prisons and eventually in Mauthausen concentration camp for helping Jews escape over the Swiss border.
Paul Eduard Maximilian Bürde was a German painter and illustrator.
Ignaz Eigner, also Ignác and Ignácz was an Austrian lithographer and painter.
Hermann Heinrich Becker was a German painter, art historian, author and writer.
August Brömse was a Bohemian German etcher and painter.
Otto Karl Heinrich Fritz Fedder was a German landscape painter.
Rudolf Rössler (1864–1934) was an Austrian painter and illustrator.
Wilhelm Ferdinand Souchon (1825–1876) was a German painter.
Robert Julius Beyschlag (1838–1903) was a German painter.
Gertrud Bürgers-Laurenz was a German flower and portrait painter.