The third cabinet of Petru Groza was the government of Romania from 30 December 1947 to 14 April 1948. This was the first government of the Socialist Republic of Romania.
The third cabinet of Petru Groza was the government of Romania from 30 December 1947 to 14 April 1948. This was the first government of the Socialist Republic of Romania.
The ministers of the cabinet were as follows: [1]
Michael I was the last King of Romania, reigning from 20 July 1927 to 8 June 1930 and again from 6 September 1940 until his forced abdication on 30 December 1947.
Petru Groza was a Romanian politician, best known as the Prime Minister of the first Communist Party-dominated government under Soviet occupation during the early stages of the Communist regime in Romania.
Gheorghe I. Tătărescu was a Romanian politician who served twice as Prime Minister of Romania, three times as Minister of Foreign Affairs, and once as Minister of War (1934). Representing the "young liberals" faction inside the National Liberal Party (PNL), Tătărescu began his political career as a collaborator of Ion G. Duca, becoming noted for his anti-Communism and, in time, for his conflicts with the PNL's leader Dinu Brătianu and the Foreign Minister Nicolae Titulescu. During his first time in office, he moved closer to King Carol II, leading an ambivalent policy toward the fascist Iron Guard and ultimately becoming instrumental in establishing the authoritarian and corporatist regime around the National Renaissance Front. In 1940, he accepted the cession of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union, and consequently had to resign.
The Romanian Social Democratic Party was a social-democratic political party in Romania. In the early 1920s, the Socialist Party of Romania split over the issue of affiliation with the Third International. The majority, which supported affiliation, evolved into the Communist Party of Romania in 1921, while the members who opposed the new orientation formed various political groupings, eventually reorganizing under a central leadership in 1927. From 1938 to 1944, the party was outlawed but remained active in clandestinity. After 1944, it allied with the Communists and eventually was forced to reunite with them to form the Workers' Party of Romania in 1948. It published the magazines Socialismul, Lumea Nouă, and Libertatea. After the end of the Communist single-party system in 1989, a group of former members created a new party which proclaimed itself the direct descendant of the PSD.
Ștefan Voitec was a Romanian Marxist journalist and politician who held important positions in the state apparatus of Communist Romania. Debuting as a member of the Socialist Party of Romania in his late teens, he formed the Socialist Workers Party of Romania, then the United Socialist Party, while also engaging in human rights activism and advocating prison reform. The mid 1930s brought him into contact with the Romanian Communist Party, with whom he formed tactical alliances; however, he rejected its political line, and was for a while known as a Trotskyist. In 1939, he joined the consolidated Social Democratic Party, which reunited various socialist groups outlawed by the National Renaissance Front. During World War II, despite ostensibly withdrawing form political life to do research, Voitec served as the party's Secretary and joined the anti-fascist underground. Some reports suggest that he was also a committed anti-communist, critical of the Soviet Union to the point on endorsing war in the East. As a war correspondent, Voitec made contributions to Nazi propaganda, an issue which made him vulnerable to blackmail in later decades.
Lothar or Lotar Rădăceanu was a Romanian journalist and linguist, best known as a socialist and communist politician.
The Ploughmen's Front was a Romanian left-wing agrarian-inspired political organisation of ploughmen, founded at Deva in 1933 and led by Petru Groza. At its peak in 1946, the Front had over 1 million members.
Emil Haţieganu was a Romanian politician and jurist, a prominent member of the Romanian National Party (PNR) and of its successor, the National Peasants' Party (PNŢ); he was physician Iuliu Haţieganu's brother. Before his arrest, he was an honorary member of the Romanian Academy.
General elections were held in Romania on 19 November 1946, in the aftermath of World War II. The official results gave a victory to the Romanian Communist Party (PCR), its allies inside the Bloc of Democratic Parties, together with its associates, the Hungarian People's Union and the Democratic Peasants' Party–Lupu. The event marked a decisive step towards the disestablishment of the Romanian monarchy and the proclamation of a Communist regime at the end of the following year. Breaking with the traditional universal male suffrage confirmed by the 1923 Constitution, it was the first national election to feature women's suffrage, and the first to allow active public officials and army personnel the right to vote. The BPD, representing the incumbent leftist government formed around Prime Minister Petru Groza, was an electoral alliance comprising the PCR, the Social Democratic Party (PSD), the Ploughmen's Front, the National Liberal Party–Tătărescu (PNL–Tătărescu), the National Peasants' Party–Alexandrescu (PNȚ–Alexandrescu) and the National Popular Party.
Parliamentary elections were held in Romania on 28 March 1948. They were the first elections held in the newly formed Romanian People's Republic, with King Michael having been forced to abdicate in December 1947.
The Socialist Peasants' Party was a short-lived political party in Romania, presided over by the academic Mihai Ralea. Created nominally in 1938 but dissolved soon after, it reemerged during World War II. A clandestine group, it opposed the fascist regime of Ion Antonescu, although its own roots were planted in authoritarian politics. Looking to the Soviet Union for inspiration, the PSȚ was cultivated by the Romanian Communist Party (PCdR), and comprised a faction of radicalized social democrats, under Lothar Rădăceanu.
The People's Democratic Front was a political alliance in Romania from 1944 to 1966, dominated by the Romanian Communist Party (PCR). It formed the government of Romania from 1946 to 1966.
The Romanian Royal Strike was a period of constitutional crisis in Romania between August 1945 and January 1946. During this period, King Michael I refused to sign the bills enacted by the Petru Groza cabinet or to receive its Ministers in audience.
The second cabinet of Alexandru Averescu was the government of Romania from 13 March 1920 to 16 December 1921.
The third cabinet of Alexandru Averescu was the government of Romania from 30 March 1926 to 4 June 1927.
The second cabinet of Constantin Sănătescu was the government of Romania from 4 November to 5 December 1944.
The cabinet of Nicolae Rădescu was the government of Romania from 6 December 1944 to 28 February 1945. It was the last non-Communist government of Romania until the 1989 Romanian Revolution.
The first cabinet of Petru Groza was the government of Romania from 6 March 1945 to 30 November 1946. It was Romania's first Communist-led government. World War II ended during this government.
The second cabinet of Petru Groza was the government of Romania from 1 December 1946 to 30 December 1947. This was the last government of the Kingdom of Romania.
The fourth cabinet of Petru Groza was the government of Romania from 15 April 1948 to 2 June 1952.
| Preceded by Second Groza cabinet | Cabinet of Romania 30 December 1947 - 14 April 1948 | Succeeded by Fourth Groza cabinet |