Thomas Gare | |
---|---|
Member of the England Parliament for York | |
In office 1420–1421 | |
Preceded by | Thomas Santon John Blackburn |
Succeeded by | John Penrith Henry Preston |
In office 1421 (December) –1422 | |
Preceded by | William Bowes Richard Russell |
Personal details | |
Born | York |
Nationality | English |
Spouse | Katherine |
Children | 2 sons (Thomas +1),2 daughters (Alice +1) |
Parent | William Gare (Father) |
Profession | Merchant |
Thomas Gare was one of two Members of the Parliament of England for the constituency of York on two occasions.
Thomas was born to William Gare,a local York mercer. He had a brother John and both were given the freedom of the city in 1385. [1] He held several offices in the city that included bailiff (1393–94),member of the council of 23 (1415–17),member of the council of 12 (1419 onwards) and lord mayor (1420–21) [2] He served as MP for York on two occasions (1419 &Dec 1421). [1]
His wealth came from trade and the earliest record of his business was as part of a consortium of York and Hull merchants trading wool to Middleburg in the Netherlands in 1388. [3] He also traded in cloth made mostly by his own workforce. His business spread as far as Newcastle upon Tyne. He was also opportunistic in some of his trade deals. At times he also sold herring wine,woad,Spanish Iron and coal. He helped found the Guild of Corpus Christi in the city in 1408 [1] [4]
With his wealth,he was able to invest in property. He had holdings in Nether Ousegate,Coney Street and Upper Ousegate in York. [1] At one point he even had property in Calais. On 9 June 1436,he acquired lands at Newland near Easington in Northumberland. [5]
He was also generous with donations,notably to the Austin Friars of York to build a dormitory. [1]
A guild is an association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular territory. The earliest types of guild formed as organizations of tradespeople belonging to a professional association. They sometimes depended on grants of letters patent from a monarch or other ruler to enforce the flow of trade to their self-employed members,and to retain ownership of tools and the supply of materials,but most were regulated by the local government. Guild members found guilty of cheating the public would be fined or banned from the guild. A lasting legacy of traditional guilds are the guildhalls constructed and used as guild meeting-places.
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