Thomas Jennewein

Last updated
Thomas Jennewein
Nationality Austrian
Alma mater
Known for
Awards
  • Loschmidt-Prize of the Austrian Physical-Chemical Society (2002) [5]
  • International ARC Research Fellowship, Australian Research Council (2007) [6]
  • Wilhelm Exner Medal (2018) [7]
Scientific career
Fields Quantum key distribution, Quantum optics
Institutions
Thesis

Thomas Jennewein is an Austrian physicist who conducts research in quantum communication and quantum key distribution. He has taught as an associate professor at the University of Waterloo and the Institute for Quantum Computing in Waterloo, Canada since 2009. [8] He earned his PhD under Anton Zeilinger at the University of Vienna in 2002, during which time he performed experiments on Bell's inequality and cryptography with entangled photons. [1] [3] His current work at the Institute for Quantum Computing focuses on satellite-based free space quantum key distribution, with the goal of creating a global quantum network. [9] [10]

Contents

He is also an affiliate of the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, [11] a fellow of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, [5] and CEO and co-founder of quantum optics measurement device company UQDevices alongside physicist Raymond Laflamme. [12]

Education and earlier work

Thomas Jennewein obtained an engineering degree in physics from HTL Anichstraße in 1991, his master's degree in experimental physics from the University of Innsbruck in 1997, and earned his doctoral degree at the University of Vienna in 2002. [8] He then worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information within the Austrian Academy of Sciences from 2004 until 2009 and as a visiting research fellow at the University of Queensland from 2007 to 2008. [8]

Current work

Since 2009, Jennewein has held an associate professorship position at the University of Waterloo and Institute for Quantum Computing where he is the leader of the Quantum Photonics Laboratory. [13] He is currently "working with partners in industry and academia to advance a proposed microsatellite mission called QEYSSat through a series of technical studies funded initially by Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) and subsequently by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA)." [14] In April 2017, the Canadian government announced funding of $80.9 million to the Canadian Space Agency for funding of two projects, one of which is for the "demonstration of the applications of quantum technology in space" with the goal of positioning "Canada as a leader in quantum encryption". [15]

In December 2015, Jennewein, with researchers from the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Joint Quantum Institute at the University of Maryland, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology among others, closed two loopholes (namely, the locality and detection loopholes) in a Bell test experiment by using entangled photons to obtain a Bell inequality violation by seven standard deviations. [16] [2]

In April 2017, Jennewein and researchers from the Institute for Quantum Computing, the University of Innsbruck, the University of Paderborn, and the University of Moncton experimentally observed "three-photon interference that does not originate from two-photon or single photon interference" by following a "theoretical recipe proposed by Daniel Greenberger, Michael Horne, and Anton Zeilinger in 1993". [17] [18] The experiment later received one of the ten Physics World 2017 Breakthrough of the Year awards. [19]

In June 2017, Jennewein and his colleagues published findings that showed the first demonstration of quantum key distribution from a ground transmitter to a "receiver prototype mounted on an airplane in flight", reporting optical links with distances between 3-10km and the generation of secure keys up to 868 kilobytes in length. [20]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quantum teleportation</span> Physical phenomenon

Quantum teleportation is a technique for transferring quantum information from a sender at one location to a receiver some distance away. While teleportation is commonly portrayed in science fiction as a means to transfer physical objects from one location to the next, quantum teleportation only transfers quantum information. The sender does not have to know the particular quantum state being transferred. Moreover, the location of the recipient can be unknown, but to complete the quantum teleportation, classical information needs to be sent from sender to receiver. Because classical information needs to be sent, quantum teleportation cannot occur faster than the speed of light.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quantum entanglement</span> Correlation between measurements of quantum subsystems, even when spatially separated

Quantum entanglement is the phenomenon that occurs when a group of particles are generated, interact, or share spatial proximity in a way such that the quantum state of each particle of the group cannot be described independently of the state of the others, including when the particles are separated by a large distance. The topic of quantum entanglement is at the heart of the disparity between classical and quantum physics: entanglement is a primary feature of quantum mechanics not present in classical mechanics.

Bell's theorem is a term encompassing a number of closely related results in physics, all of which determine that quantum mechanics is incompatible with local hidden-variable theories given some basic assumptions about the nature of measurement. "Local" here refers to the principle of locality, the idea that a particle can only be influenced by its immediate surroundings, and that interactions mediated by physical fields cannot propagate faster than the speed of light. "Hidden variables" are putative properties of quantum particles that are not included in the theory but nevertheless affect the outcome of experiments. In the words of physicist John Stewart Bell, for whom this family of results is named, "If [a hidden-variable theory] is local it will not agree with quantum mechanics, and if it agrees with quantum mechanics it will not be local."

This is a timeline of quantum computing.

In physics, the principle of locality states that an object is influenced directly only by its immediate surroundings. A theory that includes the principle of locality is said to be a "local theory". This is an alternative to the concept of instantaneous, or "non-local" action at a distance. Locality evolved out of the field theories of classical physics. The idea is that for a cause at one point to have an effect at another point, something in the space between those points must mediate the action. To exert an influence, something, such as a wave or particle, must travel through the space between the two points, carrying the influence.

A Bell test, also known as Bell inequality test or Bell experiment, is a real-world physics experiment designed to test the theory of quantum mechanics in relation to Albert Einstein's concept of local realism. Named for John Stewart Bell, the experiments test whether or not the real world satisfies local realism, which requires the presence of some additional local variables to explain the behavior of particles like photons and electrons. To date, all Bell tests have found that the hypothesis of local hidden variables is inconsistent with the way that physical systems behave.

In the interpretation of quantum mechanics, a local hidden-variable theory is a hidden-variable theory that satisfies the condition of being consistent with local realism. This definition restricts all types of those theories that attempt to account for the probabilistic features of quantum mechanics via the mechanism of underlying inaccessible variables with the additional requirement that distant events be independent, ruling out instantaneous interactions between separate events.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anton Zeilinger</span> Austrian quantum physicist

Anton Zeilinger is an Austrian quantum physicist and Nobel laureate in physics of 2022. Zeilinger is professor of physics emeritus at the University of Vienna and senior scientist at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Most of his research concerns the fundamental aspects and applications of quantum entanglement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spontaneous parametric down-conversion</span> Optical process

Spontaneous parametric down-conversion is a nonlinear instant optical process that converts one photon of higher energy, into a pair of photons of lower energy, in accordance with the law of conservation of energy and law of conservation of momentum. It is an important process in quantum optics, for the generation of entangled photon pairs, and of single photons.

Quantum networks form an important element of quantum computing and quantum communication systems. Quantum networks facilitate the transmission of information in the form of quantum bits, also called qubits, between physically separated quantum processors. A quantum processor is a small quantum computer being able to perform quantum logic gates on a certain number of qubits. Quantum networks work in a similar way to classical networks. The main difference is that quantum networking, like quantum computing, is better at solving certain problems, such as modeling quantum systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Rarity</span> British physicist

John G. Rarity is professor of optical communication systems in the department of electrical and electronic engineering at the University of Bristol, a post he has held since 1 January 2003. He is an international expert on quantum optics, quantum cryptography and quantum communication using single photons and entanglement. Rarity is a member of the Quantum Computation and Information group and quantum photonics at the University of Bristol.

In quantum optics, a NOON state or N00N state is a quantum-mechanical many-body entangled state:

Time-bin encoding is a technique used in quantum information science to encode a qubit of information on a photon. Quantum information science makes use of qubits as a basic resource similar to bits in classical computing. Qubits are any two-level quantum mechanical system; there are many different physical implementations of qubits, one of which is time-bin encoding.

Within quantum technology, a quantum sensor utilizes properties of quantum mechanics, such as quantum entanglement, quantum interference, and quantum state squeezing, which have optimized precision and beat current limits in sensor technology. The field of quantum sensing deals with the design and engineering of quantum sources and quantum measurements that are able to beat the performance of any classical strategy in a number of technological applications. This can be done with photonic systems or solid state systems.

The Hong–Ou–Mandel effect is a two-photon interference effect in quantum optics that was demonstrated in 1987 by three physicists from the University of Rochester: Chung Ki Hong (홍정기), Zheyu Ou (区泽宇), and Leonard Mandel. The effect occurs when two identical single-photon waves enter a 1:1 beam splitter, one in each input port. When the temporal overlap of the photons on the beam splitter is perfect, the two photons will always exit the beam splitter together in the same output mode, meaning that there is zero chance that they will exit separately with one photon in each of the two outputs giving a coincidence event. The photons have a 50:50 chance of exiting (together) in either output mode. If they become more distinguishable, the probability of them each going to a different detector will increase. In this way, the interferometer coincidence signal can accurately measure bandwidth, path lengths, and timing. Since this effect relies on the existence of photons and the second quantization it can not be fully explained by classical optics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert W. Boyd</span> American physicist

Robert William Boyd is an American physicist noted for his work in optical physics and especially in nonlinear optics. He is currently the Canada Excellence Research Chair Laureate in Quantum Nonlinear Optics based at the University of Ottawa, Professor of Physics cross-appointed to the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Ottawa, and Professor of Optics and Professor of Physics at the University of Rochester.

Integrated quantum photonics, uses photonic integrated circuits to control photonic quantum states for applications in quantum technologies. As such, integrated quantum photonics provides a promising approach to the miniaturisation and scaling up of optical quantum circuits. The major application of integrated quantum photonics is Quantum technology:, for example quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum simulation, quantum walks and quantum metrology.

Rupert Ursin is an Austrian experimental physicist active in the field of quantum entanglement and communications. He is currently deputy director at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.

Stefanie Barz is a German physicist and Professor of Quantum Information and Technology at the University of Stuttgart. She studies quantum physics and quantum information in photonics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malvin Carl Teich</span> Physicist

Malvin Carl Teich is an American physicist and computational neuroscientist and Professor Emeritus at Columbia University and Boston University. He is also a consultant to government, academia, and private industry, where he serves as an advisor in intellectual-property conflicts. He is the coauthor of Fundamentals of Photonics, and of Fractal-Based Point Processes.

References

  1. 1 2 G. Weihs, T. Jennewein, C. Simon, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, "Violation of Bell's Inequality under Strict Einstein Locality Conditions", Physical Review Letters 81, 5031 (1998), doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.5039
  2. 1 2 L. K. Shalm, E. Meyer-Scott, B. G. Christensen, P. Bierhorst, M. A. Wayne, M. J. Stevens, T. Gerrits, S. Glancy, D. R. Hamel, M. S. Allman, K. J. Coakley, S. D. Dyer, C. Hodge, A. E. Lita, V. B. Berma, C. Lambrocco, E. Tortorici, A. L. Migdall, Y. Zhang, D. R. Kumor, W. H. Farr, F. Marsili, M. D. Shaw, J. A. Stern, C. Abellán, W. Amaya, V. Pruneri, T. Jennewein, M. W. Mitchell, P. G. Kwiat, J. C. Bienfang, R. P. Mirin, E. Knill, and S. W. Nam, "Strong Loophole-Free Test of Local Realism", Physical Review Letters115, 250402 (2015), doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.250402
  3. 1 2 T. Jennewein, C. Simon, G. Weihs, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, "Quantum Cryptography with Entangled Photons", Physical Review Letters84, 4729 (2000), doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.4729
  4. ↑ R. Ursin, F. Tiefenbacher, T. Schmitt-Manderbach, H. Weier, T. Scheidl, M. Lindenthal, B. Blauensteiner, T. Jennewein, J. Perdigues, P. Trojek, B. Ömer, M. Fürst, M. Meyenburg, J. Rarity, Z. Sodnik, C. Barbieri, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, "Entanglement-based quantum communication over 144km", Nature Physics 3, 481-486 (2007), doi:10.1038/nphys629
  5. 1 2 "CIFAR Profile" . Retrieved 2017-06-18.
  6. 1 2 "UWaterloo Profile" . Retrieved 2017-06-18.
  7. ↑ "Wilhelm Exner Medal 2018" . Retrieved 2019-06-07.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "IQC Profile" . Retrieved 2017-06-18.
  9. ↑ T. Jennewein and B. Higgins, "The quantum space race", Physics World 26, (03) 52 (2013), doi : 10.1088/2058-7058/26/03/37
  10. ↑ "Quantum communication in the back of a pick-up". 2013-06-06. Retrieved 2017-06-18.
  11. ↑ "Perimeter Institute Profile" . Retrieved 2017-06-18.
  12. ↑ "UQDevices" . Retrieved 2017-06-18.
  13. ↑ "Quantum Photonics Laboratory" . Retrieved 2017-06-19.
  14. ↑ "QEYSSat" . Retrieved 2017-06-19.
  15. ↑ "Ministers Bains and Garneau celebrate $80.9 million for the Canadian Space Agency". 2017-04-27. Retrieved 2017-06-19.
  16. ↑ "Viewpoint: Closing the Door on Einstein and Bohr's Quantum Debate". 2015-12-16. Retrieved 2017-06-20.
  17. ↑ "Viewpoint: Photonic Hat Trick". 2017-04-10. Retrieved 2017-06-20.
  18. ↑ S. Agne, T. Kauten, J. Jin, E. Meyer-Scott, J. Z. Salvail, D. R. Hamel, K. J. Resch, G. Weihs, and T. Jennewein, "Observation of Genuine Three-Photon Interference", Physical Review Letters118, 153602 (2017), doi : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.153602
  19. ↑ "First multimessenger observation of a neutron-star merger is Physics World 2017 Breakthrough of the Year". 2017-12-11. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  20. ↑ C. J. Pugh, S. Kaiser, J.- P. Bourgoin, J. Jin, N. Sultana, S. Agne, E. Anisimova, V. Makarov, E. Choi, B. L. Higgins, and T. Jennewein, "Airborne demonstration of a quantum key distribution receiver payload", Quantum Science and Technology2, 024009 (2017), doi : 10.1088/2058-9565/aa701f
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