This article needs additional citations for verification .(April 2014) |
Thomas of Jorz [2] (died at Grenoble, 13 December 1310) was an English Dominican theologian and cardinal.
He entered the Order of Preachers in England, and was remarkable for his piety, erudition, and executive ability. He was master of theology at the University of Oxford, acted as prior of the Dominican convent there, and afterwards served as Provincial of the English Province for seven years (1296–1303).
He stood in special favour with Edward I, King of England, acting as his confessor and executing several commissions for him. While at Lyons on a commission for the king, 15 December 1305, he was created Cardinal Priest of Santa Sabina by Pope Clement V. This pope also appointed him legate to Henry VII of Germany, but in fulfilling the appointment he was taken sick and died. His body was afterwards transferred to Oxford and buried under the choir of the Dominican church.
His writings are often confused with those of Thomas of Wales, O.P., also called Anglus or Anglicus. His most important work is Commentaria in IV libros Sententiarum. The commentary of the first book (Venice, 1523) still enjoys popularity, and offers a concise refutation of the attacks made by Duns Scotus on the teachings of Thomas Aquinas.
Pope Benedict XI, born Nicola Boccasini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 October 1303 to his death, in 7 July 1304.
Pope Boniface VIII was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 December 1294 to his death, in 1303. The Caetani family was of baronial origin, with connections to the papacy. He succeeded Pope Celestine V, who had abdicated from the papal throne. Boniface spent his early career abroad in diplomatic roles.
Pope Boniface IX was head of the Catholic Church from 2 November 1389 to his death, in October 1404. He was the second Roman pope of the Western Schism. During this time the Avignon claimants, Clement VII and Benedict XIII, maintained the Roman Curia in Avignon, under the protection of the French monarchy. He is the last pope to date to take on the pontifical name "Boniface".
Pope Gregory IX was head of the Catholic Church and the ruler of the Papal States from 19 March 1227 until his death in 1241. He is known for issuing the Decretales and instituting the Papal Inquisition, in response to the failures of the episcopal inquisitions established during the time of Pope Lucius III, by means of the papal bull Ad abolendam, issued in 1184.
Pope Innocent V, born Pierre de Tarentaise, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 21 January to 22 June 1276. A member of the Order of Preachers, he acquired a reputation as an effective preacher. He held one of the two "Dominican Chairs" at the University of Paris, and was instrumental in helping with drawing up the "program of studies" for the Order. In 1269, Peter of Tarentaise was Provincial of the French Province of Dominicans. He was a close collaborator of Pope Gregory X, who named him Bishop of Ostia and raised him to cardinal in 1273.
Thomas Wolsey was an English statesman and Catholic cardinal. When Henry VIII became King of England in 1509, Wolsey became the king's almoner. Wolsey's affairs prospered and by 1514 he had become the controlling figure in virtually all matters of state. He also held important ecclesiastical appointments. These included the Archbishop of York—the second most important role in the English church—and that of papal legate. His appointment as a cardinal by Pope Leo X in 1515 gave him precedence over all other English clergy.
Henry Beaufort was an English Catholic prelate and statesman who held the offices of Bishop of Lincoln (1398), Bishop of Winchester (1404) and cardinal (1426). He served three times as Lord Chancellor and played an important role in English politics.
Reginald Pole was an English cardinal and the last Catholic archbishop of Canterbury, holding the office from 1556 to 1558, during the Counter-Reformation.
Bartholomaeus Anglicus, also known as Bartholomew the Englishman and Berthelet, was an early 13th-century Scholastic of Paris, a member of the Franciscan order. He was the author of the compendium De proprietatibus rerum, dated c.1240, an early forerunner of the encyclopedia and a widely cited book in the Middle Ages. Bartholomew also held senior positions within the church and was appointed Bishop of Łuków in what is now Poland, although he was not consecrated to that position.
Robert Kilwardby was an Archbishop of Canterbury in England and a cardinal. Kilwardby was the first member of a mendicant order to attain a high ecclesiastical office in the English Church.
Stephen Gardiner was an English Catholic bishop and politician during the English Reformation period who served as Lord Chancellor during the reign of Queen Mary I and King Philip.
Giles of Rome O.S.A. was a medieval philosopher and Scholastic theologian and a friar of the Order of St Augustine, who was also appointed to the positions of prior general of his order and as Archbishop of Bourges. He is famed as being a logician, who produced a commentary on the Organon by Aristotle, and as the author of two important work: De Ecclesiastica Potestate, a major text of early-14th-century papalism, and De regimine principum, a guide book for Christian temporal leadership. Giles was styled Doctor Fundatissimus by Pope Benedict XIV.
Lorenzo Campeggio was an Italian cardinal and politician. He was the last cardinal protector of England.
Peter Paludanus was a French theologian and archbishop.
William Petow was an English Franciscan friar and, briefly, a Cardinal.
Thomas Stapleton was an English Catholic priest and controversialist.
John of Ragusa was a Croatian Dominican theologian. He died at Lausanne, Switzerland in 1443.
Thomas of Sutton was an English Dominican theologian, an early Thomist.
Richard de Morins, also known as Richard of Mores, Richard de Mores, Ricardus de Mores, and Ricardus Anglicus was an English Augustinian canon of Merton Priory, before becoming prior at Dunstable Priory in 1202.
John of St. Giles was an English Dominican friar and physician.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Thomas of Jorz". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company.