Tight junction protein

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Tight junction protein are proteins that are involved in the formation and functioning of tight junctions; "Tight junction protein" may refer to:

Tight junction

Tight junctions, also known as occluding junctions or zonulae occludentes are multiprotein junctional complexes whose general function is to prevent leakage of transported solutes and water and seals the paracellular pathway. Tight junctions may also serve as leaky pathways by forming selective channels for small cations, anions, or water. Tight junctions are present only in vertebrates. The corresponding junctions that occur in invertebrates are septate junctions.

Tight junction protein 1 protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Zonula occludens-1 ZO-1, also known as Tight junction protein-1 is a 220-kD peripheral membrane protein that is encoded by the TJP1 gene in humans. It belongs to the family of zona occludens proteins, which are tight junction-associated proteins and of which, ZO-1 is the first to be cloned. It was first isolated in 1986 by Stevenson and Goodenough using a monoclonal antibody raised in rodent liver to recognise a 225-kD polypeptide in whole liver homogenates and in tight junction-enriched membrane fractions. It has a role as a scaffold protein which cross-links and anchors Tight Junction (TJ) strand proteins, which are fibril-like structures within the lipid bilayer, to the actin cytoskeleton.

Tight junction protein 2 protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Tight junction protein ZO-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TJP2 gene.

TJP3 protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Tight junction protein ZO-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TJP3 gene.

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Tight junction proteins (TJs) are molecules situated at the tight junction of epithelia, endothelia and myelinated cell. This mutliprotein junctional complex has a regulatory function in passage of ionts, water and solutes throught the paracellular pathway. It can also coordinate the motion of lipids and proteins between the apical and basolateral surfaces of the plasma membrane. Thereby tight junction conducts signaling molecules, that influence the differentiation, proliferation and polarity of cells. So tight junction plays a key role in maintenance of osmotic balance and trans-cellular transport of tissue specific molecules. Nowadays is known more than 40 different proteins, that are involved in these selective TJ channels.