 1 April 1936 cover | |
| Editor | Kennaway Henderson |
|---|---|
| Frequency | Weekly until March 1936, then fortnightly |
| Circulation | 300–1,000 [1] |
| First issue | January 1934 |
| Final issue | May 1940 |
| Country | New Zealand |
Tomorrow was a left-wing magazine in New Zealand from 1934 to 1940, edited by Kennaway Henderson. [1]
The magazine was established in 1934 by Henderson, who was an artist and an illustrator, together with Frederick Sinclaire and H. Winston Rhodes, both English academics from Canterbury College, and printer Denis Glover who was in the midst of establishing his own publisher, Caxton Press. It was Henderson's idea to start the magazine, having been inspired by the British socialist magazine The New Age . [1] [2]
The magazine largely published political opinions and works by contributors like Sinclaire, Noel Pharazyn, W. B. Sutch and John A. Lee. [3] Under Rhodes' and Glover's influence, however, it also became a vehicle for New Zealand literary works. The magazine published thirty of Frank Sargeson's early stories, as well as works by Roderick Finlayson, R. A. K. Mason, Rex Fairburn, Allen Curnow and Denis Glover. [3] [1] [4] Leading Australian literary critic Nettie Palmer contributed a regular series titled "Australian Note Book". [1]
The magazine had a limited budget because Henderson and the magazine's other founders were philosophically opposed to the concept of advertising, and most of the funds to publish the magazine came from advance subscriptions. In early 1935 the magazine had to cease production for a temporary period due to a libel suit. Rhodes later said that the magazine only began to make a profit in late 1939, shortly before it was closed down in 1940. [1] The reason for the magazine's closure was that no printers were willing to print it following the government's introduction of wartime regulations that enabled publications to be banned for publishing subversive material. [2]
Tomorrow was the first left-wing publication of its kind in New Zealand. [2] Historian Rachel Barrowman has described it as the "the principal forum in New Zealand for the discussion of issues and international developments of left-wing culture in the 1930s". [1] Writer Charles Brasch thought it "more influential than any New Zealand periodical before or since", though he considered Henderson's cartoons "juvenile". [4] The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Literature describes it as "one of the most important periodicals of literary interest" before the introduction of Landfall in 1947. [3]
New Zealand literature is literature, both oral and written, produced by the people of New Zealand. It often deals with New Zealand themes, people or places, is written predominantly in New Zealand English, and features Māori culture and the use of the Māori language. Before the arrival and settlement of Europeans in New Zealand in the 19th century, Māori culture had a strong oral tradition. Early European settlers wrote about their experiences travelling and exploring New Zealand. The concept of a "New Zealand literature", as distinct from English literature, did not originate until the 20th century, when authors began exploring themes of landscape, isolation, and the emerging New Zealand national identity. Māori writers became more prominent in the latter half of the 20th century, and Māori language and culture have become an increasingly important part of New Zealand literature.
Maurice Gough Gee is a New Zealand novelist. He is one of New Zealand's most distinguished and prolific authors, having written over thirty novels for adults and children, and has won numerous awards both in New Zealand and overseas, including multiple top prizes at the New Zealand Book Awards, the James Tait Black Memorial Prize in the UK, the Katherine Mansfield Menton Fellowship, the Robert Burns Fellowship and a Prime Minister's Award for Literary Achievement. In 2003 he was recognised as one of New Zealand's greatest living artists across all disciplines by the Arts Foundation of New Zealand, which presented him with an Icon Award.
Frank Sargeson was a New Zealand short story writer and novelist. Sargeson has been credited with introducing everyday New Zealand English to literature. He was the most important and influential New Zealand short-story writer in the 1930s and 1940s, publishing over forty short stories in this time, and his work continues to be recognised as a major influence on New Zealand literature.
Fleur Adcock is a New Zealand poet and editor, of English and Northern Irish ancestry, who has lived much of her life in England. She is well-represented in New Zealand poetry anthologies, was awarded an honorary doctorate of literature from Victoria University of Wellington, and was awarded an OBE in 1996 for her contribution to New Zealand literature. In 2008 she was made a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to literature.
William Manhire is a New Zealand poet, short story writer, emeritus professor, and New Zealand's inaugural Poet Laureate (1997–1998). He founded New Zealand's first creative writing course at Victoria University of Wellington in 1975, and has been a strong promoter of New Zealand literature and poetry throughout his career. Many of New Zealand's leading writers graduated from his course. He has received many notable awards including a Prime Minister's Award for Literary Achievement in 2007 and an Arts Foundation Icon Award in 2018.
Thomas Allen Monro Curnow was a New Zealand poet and journalist.
Denis James Matthews Glover was a New Zealand poet and publisher.
Charles Orwell Brasch was a New Zealand poet, literary editor and arts patron. He was the founding editor of the literary journal Landfall, and through his 20 years of editing the journal, had a significant impact on the development of a literary and artistic culture in New Zealand. His poetry continues to be published in anthologies today, and he provided substantial philanthropic support to the arts in New Zealand, including by establishing the Robert Burns Fellowship, the Frances Hodgkins Fellowship and the Mozart Fellowship at the University of Otago, by providing financial support to New Zealand writers and artists during his lifetime, and by bequeathing his extensive collection of books and artwork in his will to the Hocken Library and the University of Otago.
Landfall is New Zealand's oldest extant literary magazine. The magazine is published biannually by Otago University Press. As of 2020, it consists of a paperback publication of about 200 pages. The website Landfall Review Online also publishes new literary reviews monthly. The magazine features new fiction and poetry, biographical and critical essays, cultural commentary, and reviews of books, art, film, drama, and dance.
James Munro Bertram was a New Zealand Rhodes scholar, a journalist, writer, relief worker, prisoner of war and a university professor.
Niel Wright is a New Zealand poet, literary critic, bibliographer, publisher, and cultural and political commentator. His major piece of work is his epic poem The Alexandrians, self published in 120 books between 1961 and 2007 and totaling some 36,000 lines. He has since self published 1045 post-Alexandrian poems totaling 8331 lines, of which 681 are triolets. He has also published extensive notes to The Alexandrians.
Alan Perress Loney is a writer, poet, editor, publisher and letterpress printer. His work has been published by University and private presses in New Zealand, Australia and North America. His own presses have printed and published many of New Zealand's most noted poets. He has also produced books himself, and in collaboration with artists and printmakers in New Zealand and overseas. Originally living and working in New Zealand, he now resides in Melbourne, Australia.
Robert William Lowry was a New Zealand printer, publisher, typographer and teacher.
Andrew Kennaway Henderson was a New Zealand clerk, illustrator, cartoonist, editor and pacifist. He was born in London, England. He was imprisoned twice as a conscientious objector in World War I and drew numerous cartoons from a socialist point of view.
Mary Ursula Bethell, was a New Zealand social worker and poet. She settled at the age of 50 at Rise Cottage on the Cashmere Hills near Christchurch, with her companion Effie Pollen, where she created a sheltered garden with views over the city and towards the Southern Alps, and began writing poems about the landscape. Although she considered herself "by birth and choice English", and spent her life travelling between England and New Zealand, she was one of the first distinctively New Zealand poets, seen today as a pioneer of its modern poetry.
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Sport was a New Zealand literary magazine, edited and published by Fergus Barrowman. It was founded in 1988 and ran until 2019.
Rachel Barrowman is a New Zealand author and historian, with a focus on New Zealand cultural and intellectual history.
Margaret Allan Scott was a New Zealand writer, editor and librarian. She was a friend of many literary New Zealanders, including Charles Brasch and Denis Glover, and was known for transcribing and editing the notebooks of Katherine Mansfield. She was the second recipient of the Katherine Mansfield Menton Fellowship in 1971.
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