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A mandolin orchestra is an orchestra consisting primarily of instruments from the mandolin family of instruments, such as the mandolin, mandola, mandocello and mandobass or mandolone. Some mandolin orchestras use guitars and double-basses instead of, or as well as, the lower mandolin-family instruments.
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The Yiddish Philharmonic Chorus is a secular Jewish choir based in New York City. It was founded in 1923 by Lazar Weiner and Jacob Schaefer as the Freiheit Gezang Farein and was closely associated with Communist politics and the Morgen Freiheit newspaper; at its height in the 1920s and 1930s it had hundreds of members, many of whom were garment workers. After World War II, it was targeted by HUAC and was renamed the Jewish People’s Philharmonic Chorus in 1948. It adopted its current name in 2021.
Jacob Schaefer was a Russian-born Jewish American composer, political activist and choir director whose career ran from the 1910s to the 1930s. A committed Communist for the last two decades of his life, he founded and operated a number of workers' orchestras and choirs in Chicago and New York, including most famously the Freiheit Gezang Farein. He composed a number of cantatas, oratorios and song arrangements which were performed by the ensembles he directed, as well as by their affiliated performing groups around the United States.
References
- ↑ Ruth A. Frager (1992). Sweatshop Strife: Class, Ethnicity, and Gender in the Jewish Labour Movement of Toronto, 1900-1939 . University of Toronto Press. p. 180. ISBN 978-0-8020-6895-8.
- ↑ "Eight amazing archival photos from Toronto’s immigrant past". Toronto Life, By Will Sloan | March 23, 2017
- ↑ Rhonda L. Hinther (5 February 2018). Perogies and Politics: Canada's Ukrainian Left, 1891-1991. University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division. p. 290. ISBN 978-1-4875-1116-6.
- ↑ Lubomyr Y. Luciuk; Iroida L. Wynnyckyj (1988). Ukrainians in Ontario. Multicultural History Society of Ontario. p. 43.
- 1 2 Ester Reiter (3 October 2016). A Future Without Hate or Need: The Promise of the Jewish Left in Canada. Between the Lines. p. 219. ISBN 978-1-77113-017-2.
- ↑ John Kolasky (1979). The shattered illusion: the history of Ukrainian pro-Communist organizations in Canada . PMA Books. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-88778-190-2.
- ↑ "ARTS (NOVEMBER 2016): Toronto Mandolin Orchestra celebrates 60 years". The Gleaner, Summer Reid, November 18th, 2016
- ↑ Jars Balan (1984). Salt and Braided Bread: Ukrainian Life in Canada. Oxford University Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-19-540472-2.
- ↑ "CITY OF TORONTO ARTS AND CULTURE GRANTS JANUARY TO JUNE, 1998, report by Anne Collins, TORONTO ARTS COUNCIL
- ↑ "Shevchenko Male Chorus free of musical gimmicks". By S. Roy Maley, Winnipeg Tribune, via Newspaper Archives Monday, June 08, 1964 - Page 12
- ↑ "Now Hear This!. Lac Du Bonnet Springfield Leader, via Newspaper Archives, May 20, 1975 - Page 3
- ↑ Ukraine. Soviet Ukraine Publishers. 1990. p. 12.
- ↑ "Virtuoso performance brings crowd to its feet". Welland Tribune, December 10, 2010. by Heidi Grzesina