Tracking ship

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Missile Range instrumentation Ship USNS Range Sentinel (T-AGM 22) USNS Range Sentinel T-AGM-22 DNSC8510327.jpg
Missile Range instrumentation Ship USNS Range Sentinel (T-AGM 22)

A tracking ship, also called a missile range instrumentation ship or range ship, is a ship equipped with antennas and electronics to support the launching and tracking of missiles and rockets. Since many missile ranges launch over ocean areas for safety reasons, range ships are used to extend the range of shore-based tracking facilities.

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In the United States, the initial tracking ships were constructed by the U.S. Army and then the U.S. Air Force to support their missile programs. They were generally built on a surplus Liberty ship or Victory ship hull. By 1964, the U.S. Navy took over all the range ships and introduced more.

In some Navies, such a ship is also given the Type Designation "Vigilship" or "Veladora", with the Designation Letter "V" or Letters "VC". [1]

Missile range instrumentation ships

Chinese PLA Strategic Support Force

Yuanwang 2 YuanWang2c.JPG
Yuanwang 2

The Chinese ships were purpose built vessels for their role in the navy and the space program.

French Navy

The Monge (A601) of the French Navy, 1999 FS Monge.jpg
The Monge (A601) of the French Navy, 1999

The Poincaré was a converted tanker, but the Monge was a purpose-built ship.

Inactive

Active

Indian Navy

Pakistan Navy

Russian Navy / Soviet Navy

Kosmonavt Yuri Gagarin underway, 1987 Space control-monitoring ship "Kosmonaut Yuri Gagarin" in 1987 (2).png
Kosmonavt Yuri Gagarin underway, 1987

The Soviet and later Russian ships were purpose built vessels for their role.

United States Navy/United States Air Force

USNS Vanguard underway USNS Vanguard.jpg
USNS Vanguard underway
U.S. Army tracking ship (1958-1964) USAS American Mariner docked at Chaguaramus, Trinidad Dmp trinidad dock.jpg
U.S. Army tracking ship (1958–1964) USAS American Mariner docked at Chaguaramus, Trinidad
Timber Hitch being supplied with additional fresh water from USAS American Mariner, December 1961 USNS Timber Hitch 1962.jpg
Timber Hitch being supplied with additional fresh water from USAS American Mariner, December 1961

There are currently only two active Instrumentation Ships in the U.S. Navy inventory: USNS Invincible (T-AGM-24) [6] and USNS Howard O. Lorenzen (T-AGM-25). [7] The former is now in the inactive fleet. The latter was delivered in January 2012 [8] to replace USNS Observation Island (T-AGM-23) in 2014. [9] Most of the USN and USAF tracking ships were converted into their role. Some ships were in service with NASA.

Inactive

Active

See also

References

  1. Deb, Sheershoo (April 2, 2021). "INS Dhruv: India's Secret Missile Tracking Ship". defencexp.com. Retrieved May 4, 2025.
  2. "A603 Henri Poincaré". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved May 4, 2025.
  3. "French Navy's Monge Missile Range Instrumentation Ship back at sea". navalnews.com. July 2, 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2025.
  4. "INS Anvesh commissioning as seen in Indian Navy song". YouTube . 9 December 2022.
  5. Sadham, Vinay (March 18, 2024). "Pakistan gets spy ship from China to track ballistic missiles". thenewsmil.com. Retrieved May 4, 2025.
  6. "Military Sealift Command Fact Sheet". Archived from the original on October 27, 2002. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
  7. "Range Instrumentation Ship Photo Index" . Retrieved 2009-04-04.
  8. "Navy Accepts Delivery of USNS Howard O. Lorenzen". Navy.mil. 12 January 2012. No. NNS120112-16. Archived from the original on March 9, 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
  9. "SIU - Keel laid for future USNS Observation Island replacement (8/25)" . Retrieved 2009-04-04.