The history of Trinidad and Tobago begins with the settlements of the islands by Amerindians, specifically the Island Carib and Arawak peoples. Both islands were explored by Christopher Columbus on his third voyage in 1498. Trinidad remained in Spanish hands until 1797, but it was largely settled by French colonists. Tobago changed hands between the British, French, Dutch, and Courlanders, but eventually ended up in British hands following the second Treaty of Paris (1814). In 1889 the two islands were incorporated into a single crown colony. Trinidad and Tobago obtained its independence from the British Empire in 1962 and became a republic in 1976.
Tobago is an autonomous island within the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. It is located 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of the mainland of Trinidad and southeast of Grenada, about 160 kilometres (99 mi) off the coast of northeast Venezuela. According to the earliest English-language source cited in the Oxford English Dictionary, Tobago bore a name that has become the English word tobacco. The official bird of Tobago is the cocrico.
Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. This was the nation's sixteenth appearance at the Summer Olympics as an independent nation, although it had previously appeared in four editions as part of the British colony and the West Indies Federation. Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee sent a total of nineteen athletes to the Games, ten men and nine women, to compete only in track and field, shooting, swimming, and taekwondo, which made its Olympic debut; the nation's team size was relatively similar to the record in Sydney four years earlier.
The Trinidad and Tobago national football team, nicknamed the Soca Warriors, represents the twin-island Republic of Trinidad and Tobago in international football. It is controlled by the Trinidad and Tobago Football Association and competes in both CONCACAF and the Caribbean Football Union, its sub-continental confederation. The team is ranked 93rd in the world according to the FIFA Rankings, and 89 in the World Football Elo Ratings. They reached the first round of the 2006 World Cup and held the record of being the smallest nation to ever qualify for a World Cup, until the 2018 World Cup, when Iceland broke the (population) record.
The Trinidad and Tobago cricket team, or officially the Trinidad and Tobago Red Force, is the representative cricket team of the country of Trinidad and Tobago.
The Trinidad and Tobago national rugby union team has thus far not qualified for the Rugby World Cup, but has participated in qualifying tournaments since 1999. They are classed as a tier-three nation by World Rugby.
Rugby union in Trinidad and Tobago is a popular sport. There are currently 4,457 registered players, and 13 clubs. They are currently ranked 45th in the world.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Trinidad and Tobago:
Russia–Trinidad and Tobago relations are the bilateral relations between the Russian Federation and Trinidad and Tobago. Diplomatic relations were established on June 6, 1974. Russia is represented in Trinidad and Tobago through a non-resident embassy in Georgetown, Guyana.
The Autistic Society of Trinidad and Tobago (ASTT) is a non-governmental organization for families of autistic people in Trinidad and Tobago. It was founded in May 1990 by Teresina Sieunarine. Sieunarine's son was diagnosed with autism in Florida, but on returning to Trinidad she found that there was stigma facing people with disabilities and that some autistic children were living in hospitals. As of April 2013, more than 450 families were registered with the society. The ASTT designates April autism awareness month.
Trinidad and Tobago Civil Aviation Authority (TTCAA) is a government agency of Trinidad and Tobago, serving as that country's civil aviation authority. Its head office is in Piarco, in a complex located on the southern side of Piarco International Airport. Its previous head office was on the second floor of the PSA Building in Port of Spain.
Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom from 27 July to 12 August 2012. This was Trinidad and Tobago's most successful Summer Olympics. It was the nation's largest ever delegation sent to the Olympics, with a total of 30 athletes, 21 men and 9 women, in 6 sports. Trinidad and Tobago's participation in these games marked its sixteenth Olympic appearance as an independent nation, although it had previously competed in four other games as a British colony, and as part of the West Indies Federation. The nation was awarded four Olympic medals based on the efforts by the athletes who competed in the track and field. Javelin thrower Keshorn Walcott became the first Trinidadian athlete to win an Olympic gold medal since the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, where Hasely Crawford won for the sprint event. Marc Burns, a four-time Olympic athlete and a relay sprinter who led his team by winning the silver medal in Beijing, was the nation's flag bearer at the opening ceremony.
The bilateral relations between the Republic of India and the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago have considerably expanded in recent years with both nations building strategic and commercial ties. Both nations formally established diplomatic relations in 1962.
Women in Trinidad and Tobago are women who were born in, who live in, or are from Trinidad and Tobago. Depending from which island the women came, they may also be called Trinidadian women or Tobagonian women respectively. Women in Trinidad and Tobago excel in various industries and occupations, including micro-enterprise owners, "lawyers, judges, politicians, civil servants, journalists, and calypsonians." Women still dominate the fields of "domestic service, sales, and some light manufacturing."
The Miss Earth Trinidad and Tobago is a beauty pageant has been held annually since 2011. It is responsible for selecting the country's representative to Miss Earth, which is an annual international beauty pageant promoting environmental awareness.
Trinidadians and Tobagonians, colloquially known as Trinis or Trinbagonians, are the people who are identified with the country of Trinidad and Tobago. The country is home to people of many different national, ethnic and religious origins. As a result, Trinidadians do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship, cultural identification with the islands as whole, or either Trinidad or Tobago specifically. Although citizens make up the majority of Trinidadians, there is a substantial number of Trinidadian expatriates, dual citizens and descendants living worldwide, chiefly elsewhere in the Anglosphere.
Canada–Trinidad and Tobago relations refers to the bilateral relations between Canada and Trinidad and Tobago. Both Countries established full diplomatic relations in August 1962 after Trinidad's Independence. Since establishing relations, Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force have trained alongside Canadian Forces. As of 2011, there were a estimated 68,225 Trinidadians and Tobagonians in Canada and 3,000-5,000 Canadians living in Trinidad and Tobago, 92% of which hold dual citizenship.
