This is a list of International Olympic Committee (IOC) country codes.
There are 206 current NOCs (National Olympic Committees) within the Olympic Movement. The following tables show the currently used code for each NOC and any different codes used in past Games, per the official reports from those Games. Some of the past code usage is further explained in the following sections. Codes used specifically for a Summer Games only or a Winter Games only, within the same year, are indicated by "S" and "W" respectively.
Code | National Olympic Committee | Other codes used | Link |
---|---|---|---|
AFG | Afghanistan | ||
ALB | Albania | ||
ALG | Algeria |
| |
AND | Andorra | ||
ANG | Angola | ANO (As referenced in IAAF World Championships Beijing 2015 Statistics Handbook) [1] | |
ANT | Antigua and Barbuda | ||
ARG | Argentina | ||
ARM | Armenia | ||
ARU | Aruba | ||
ASA | American Samoa | AMS [1] | |
AUS | Australia | ||
AUT | Austria | current code from French Autriche | |
AZE | Azerbaijan | ||
BAH | Bahamas | ||
BAN | Bangladesh | ||
BAR | Barbados | BAD (1964) [a] | |
BDI | Burundi | ||
BEL | Belgium | ||
BEN | Benin |
| |
BER | Bermuda | ||
BHU | Bhutan | ||
BIH | Bosnia and Herzegovina | BSH (1992 S), BOS [1] current code from Bosnian Bosna i Hercegovina | |
BIZ | Belize | HBR (1968–1972) from French Honduras britannique as British Honduras; also BHO [1] | |
BLR | Belarus | ||
BOL | Bolivia | ||
BOT | Botswana | ||
BRA | Brazil | ||
BRN | Bahrain | BHR [1] | |
BRU | Brunei | ||
BUL | Bulgaria | ||
BUR | Burkina Faso | VOL (1972–1984) as Upper Volta; also BKF [1] | |
CAF | Central African Republic | AFC (1968) | |
CAM | Cambodia |
| |
CAN | Canada | ||
CAY | Cayman Islands | ||
CGO | Republic of the Congo | ||
CHA | Chad | CHD (1964) | |
CHI | Chile |
| |
CHN | China | PRC (1952 S) as People's Republic of China | |
CIV | Ivory Coast |
| |
CMR | Cameroon | ||
COD | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| |
COK | Cook Islands | CKI [1] | |
COL | Colombia | ||
COM | Comoros | ||
CPV | Cape Verde | CVD [1] | |
CRC | Costa Rica | COS (1964) | |
CRO | Croatia | ||
CUB | Cuba | ||
CYP | Cyprus | ||
CZE | Czechia | ||
DEN | Denmark |
| |
DJI | Djibouti | ||
DMA | Dominica | DMN [1] | |
DOM | Dominican Republic | ||
ECU | Ecuador | ||
EGY | Egypt |
| |
ERI | Eritrea | ||
ESA | El Salvador | SAL (1964–1976) | |
ESP | Spain |
| |
EST | Estonia | ||
ETH | Ethiopia |
| |
FIJ | Fiji | FIG (1960) from Italian Figi | |
FIN | Finland | ||
FRA | France | ||
FSM | Federated States of Micronesia | ||
GAB | Gabon | ||
GAM | The Gambia | ||
GBR | Great Britain |
| |
GBS | Guinea-Bissau | ||
GEO | Georgia | ||
GEQ | Equatorial Guinea | current code taken from French Guinée équatoriale | |
GER | Germany | ||
GHA | Ghana | ||
GRE | Greece | ||
GRN | Grenada | ||
GUA | Guatemala | GUT (1964) | |
GUI | Guinea | ||
GUM | Guam | ||
GUY | Guyana |
| |
HAI | Haiti | ||
HKG | Hong Kong | HOK (1960–1968) | |
HON | Honduras | ||
HUN | Hungary |
| |
INA | Indonesia | INS (1960) | |
IND | India | ||
IRI | Iran |
| |
IRL | Ireland | current code taken from French Irlande. EIR (1956 athletics; [3] see Ireland at the Olympics § Name of the country) | |
IRQ | Iraq |
| |
ISL | Iceland |
| |
ISR | Israel | ||
ISV | Virgin Islands | current code taken from French Îles Vierges (des États-Unis) | |
ITA | Italy | ||
IVB | British Virgin Islands | BVI [1] current code taken from French Îles Vierges britanniques | |
JAM | Jamaica | ||
JOR | Jordan | ||
JPN | Japan |
| |
KAZ | Kazakhstan | ||
KEN | Kenya | ||
KGZ | Kyrgyzstan | ||
KIR | Kiribati | ||
KOR | South Korea |
| |
KOS | Kosovo | ||
KSA | Saudi Arabia |
| |
KUW | Kuwait | ||
LAO | Laos | ||
LAT | Latvia | ||
LBA | Libya |
| |
LBN | Lebanon |
| |
LBR | Liberia | ||
LCA | Saint Lucia | STL [1] | |
LES | Lesotho | ||
LIE | Liechtenstein |
| |
LTU | Lithuania | LIT (1992 W) | |
LUX | Luxembourg | ||
MAD | Madagascar | MAG (1964) | |
MAR | Morocco | MRC (1964); current code from French Maroc | |
MAS | Malaysia | MAL (1964–1988) | |
MAW | Malawi | ||
MDA | Moldova | MLD (1994) | |
MDV | Maldives | ||
MEX | Mexico | ||
MGL | Mongolia | MON (1968 W) | |
MHL | Marshall Islands | ||
MKD | North Macedonia | current code taken from Macedonian Македонија/Makedonija | |
MLI | Mali | ||
MLT | Malta | MAT (1960–1964) | |
MNE | Montenegro | ||
MON | Monaco | ||
MOZ | Mozambique | ||
MRI | Mauritius | ||
MTN | Mauritania | ||
MYA | Myanmar | ||
NAM | Namibia | ||
NCA | Nicaragua |
| |
NED | Netherlands | current code taken from Dutch Nederland | |
NEP | Nepal | ||
NGR | Nigeria |
| |
NIG | Niger | NGR (1964) | |
NOR | Norway | ||
NRU | Nauru | ||
NZL | New Zealand |
| |
OMA | Oman | OMN [1] | |
PAK | Pakistan | ||
PAN | Panama | ||
PAR | Paraguay | ||
PER | Peru | ||
PHI | Philippines |
| |
PLE | Palestine | ||
PLW | Palau | from archaic English Pelew | |
PNG | Papua New Guinea |
| |
POL | Poland | ||
POR | Portugal | ||
PRK | North Korea |
| |
PUR | Puerto Rico |
| |
QAT | Qatar | ||
ROU | Romania |
| |
RSA | South Africa | SAF (1960–1972) current code from Republic of South Africa | |
RUS | Russia | From 1994 to 2016 | |
RWA | Rwanda | ||
SAM | Samoa | WSM (1984–1996) as Western Samoa | |
SEN | Senegal | SGL (1964) | |
SEY | Seychelles | ||
SGP | Singapore | SIN (1959–2016) | |
SKN | Saint Kitts and Nevis | STK [1] | |
SLE | Sierra Leone | SLA (1968) | |
SLO | Slovenia | ||
SMR | San Marino | SMA (1960–1964) | |
SOL | Solomon Islands | ||
SOM | Somalia | ||
SRB | Serbia | from Serbian Srbija | |
SRI | Sri Lanka |
| |
SSD | South Sudan | ||
STP | São Tomé and Príncipe | ||
SUD | Sudan | ||
SUI | Switzerland |
| |
SUR | Suriname | ||
SVK | Slovakia | ||
SWE | Sweden |
| |
SWZ | Eswatini | current code from former name Swaziland | |
SYR | Syria | SIR (1968) from Spanish Siria | |
TAN | Tanzania | ||
TGA | Tonga | TON (1984) | |
THA | Thailand | ||
TJK | Tajikistan | ||
TKM | Turkmenistan | ||
TLS | East Timor | current code taken from Portuguese Timor-Leste | |
TOG | Togo | ||
TPE | Chinese Taipei [4] |
| |
TTO | Trinidad and Tobago |
| |
TUN | Tunisia | ||
TUR | Turkey | ||
TUV | Tuvalu | ||
UAE | United Arab Emirates | ||
UGA | Uganda | ||
UKR | Ukraine | ||
URU | Uruguay | URG (1968) | |
USA | United States |
| |
UZB | Uzbekistan | ||
VAN | Vanuatu | ||
VEN | Venezuela | ||
VIE | Vietnam |
| |
VIN | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | STV [1] | |
YEM | Yemen | ||
ZAM | Zambia | NRH (1964) as Northern Rhodesia | |
ZIM | Zimbabwe | RHO (1960–1972) as Rhodesia |
Most National Paralympic Committees (NPC) cover a territory with an active NOC. In these cases the NPC codes matches the IOC codes shown above. The two current NPCs without a corresponding NOC use the following NPC codes.
Code | National Paralympic Committee | Link |
---|---|---|
MAC | Macau, China | Associação Recreativa dos Deficientes de Macau |
FRO | Faroe Islands | The Faroese Sport Organisation for Disabled |
Fourteen historical NOCs or teams have codes that are still used in the IOC results database [5] to refer to past medal winners from these teams.
Code | Nation/Team | Other codes used |
---|---|---|
AHO | Netherlands Antilles |
|
ANZ | Australasia | Also AUA [1] |
BOH | Bohemia | |
BWI | British West Indies |
|
EUA | United Team of Germany | code taken from French Équipe unifiée d'Allemagne |
EUN | Unified Team | code from the French Équipe unifiée or Spanish Equipo Unificado |
FRG | West Germany |
|
GDR | East Germany | ODE (1968 S) from German Ostdeutschland code GDR taken from German Democratic Republic |
SCG | Serbia and Montenegro | code from Serbian Србија и Црна Гора / Srbija i Crna Gora |
TCH | Czechoslovakia |
|
URS | Soviet Union | SOV (1968 W) code from French Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques (URSS) |
VNM | South Vietnam | Code of the State of Vietnam and then Republic of Vietnam from 1952 to 1975. [6] [7] [8] |
YUG | Yugoslavia |
|
Unlike the previous list, these codes no longer appear in the IOC results database. When a past athlete from one of these teams has won a medal, the new code is shown next to them instead.
Code | Nation (NOC) | Years | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
BIR | Burma From French Birmanie | 1948–1988 | Now Myanmar (MYA) | |
CEY | Ceylon | 1948–1972 | Now Sri Lanka (SRI) | |
DAH | Dahomey | 1964–1976 | Now Benin (BEN) | |
GUI | British Guiana | 1948–1964 | Now Guyana (GUY). The code former GUI has been reassigned to Guinea (GUI) in 1965 when its new NOC was recognized by the IOC and used publicly in their first competed games in 1968. All formerly known by BGU [1] | |
HBR | British Honduras From French Honduras britannique | 1968–1972 | Now Belize (BIZ) | |
IHO | Dutch East Indies code from French Indes orientales hollandaises | 1934–1938 | Now Indonesia (INA) | |
KHM | Khmer Republic From French République khmère | 1972 | Now Cambodia (CAM) | |
MAL | Malaya From French Malaisie | 1956–1960 | Competed independently before the formation of Malaysia in 1963. Now Malaysia (MAS) | |
NBO | North Borneo | 1956 | ||
NRH | Northern Rhodesia | 1964 | Now Zambia (ZAM) | |
RAU | United Arab Republic code from French République arabe unie | 1960 | Now Egypt (EGY) and Syria (SYR) | |
RHO | Rhodesia also Southern Rhodesia and Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland until it became Zimbabwe in 1980 | 1960–1972 | Now Zimbabwe (ZIM) | |
ROC | Republic of China | 1932–1976 | Medal winners from 1948 and earlier display as China (CHN), while medal winners from after 1948 display as Chinese Taipei (TPE) under which the team now competes. | |
RU1 | Russian Empire |
| Now Russia (RUS) | |
SAA | Saar | 1952 | Competed independently before rejoining West Germany (FRG) in 1957 | |
UAR | United Arab Republic | 1964–1968 | Now Egypt (EGY) | |
VOL | Upper Volta | 1972–1984 | Now Burkina Faso (BUR) | |
WSM | Western Samoa | 1984–1996 | Now Samoa (SAM) | |
YAR | North Yemen code from Yemen Arab Republic | 1984–1988 | Competed independently before Yemeni unification in 1990. Now Yemen (YEM) | |
YMD | South Yemen code from Yemen Democratic Republic | 1988 | ||
ZAI | Zaire From French Zaïre | 1972–1996 | Now Democratic Republic of the Congo (COD) |
Two other significant code changes have occurred, both because of a change in the nation's designation as used by the IOC:
Code | Nation/team | Years | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
AIN | Individual Neutral Athletes from French Athlètes Individuels Neutres | 2024 | Used for Russian and Belarusian athletes competing as neutrals due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The delegation will use a flag and a one-off instrumental anthem assigned by the IOC. |
ANZ | Australasia | 1908–1912 | Used in the IOC's medal database [5] to identify the team from Australasia, composed of athletes from both Australia and New Zealand for the 1908 and 1912 Games. Both nations competed separately by 1920. |
COR | Korea from French Corée | 2018 | Used for the unified Korean women's ice hockey team at the 2018 Winter Olympics. [9] |
EOR | Refugee Olympic Team from French Équipe olympique des réfugiés | 2016–2024 | Used for the Refugee Olympic Team, for athletes who have been displaced from their home countries. The IOC code was changed from ROT which was used in 2016. [10] |
EUA | United Team of Germany from French Équipe unifiée d'Allemagne | 1956–1964 | Used in the IOC's medal database [5] to identify the United Team of Germany, composed of athletes representing the NOCs of both East Germany and West Germany for the 1956–1964 Games. The team was simply known as Germany in the official reports for those six games at the time. |
EUN | Unified Team from French Équipe unifiée | 1992 | Used in 1992 (both Summer and Winter Games) for the Unified Team, composed of athletes from most of the former Soviet republics that chose to compete as a unified team. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania entered separately in 1992, whereas Russia and eleven other post-Soviet nations competed independently for the first time in 1994 or 1996. |
IOP | Independent Olympic Participants |
| Used for independent Olympic participants at the 1992 Summer Olympics as a designation used for athletes from FR Yugoslavia who could not compete as a team due to United Nations sanctions. At the 1992 Summer Olympics IOP was used as a designation for athletes from the Republic of Macedonia too. IOP was also used during the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi by Indian athletes due to the Indian Olympic Association suspension. |
IOA | Independent Olympic Athletes |
| Used for Individual Olympic Athletes in 2000, [11] a designation used for athletes from Timor-Leste before the formation of its NOC. IOA was used again in the 2012 Games, when it stood for Independent Olympic Athletes , [12] comprising athletes from the former Netherlands Antilles and a runner from South Sudan. The Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee's membership from the IOC was withdrawn the previous year, and South Sudan had not yet formed an NOC at the time. IOA was used again in 2016 for athletes from Kuwait as a result of the suspension of its National Olympic Committee. [13] |
IOC | Athletes from Kuwait | 2010–2012 | Used as the country code for Athletes from Kuwait , when the Kuwait Olympic Committee was suspended the first time, at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, the 2010 Asian Games and the 2011 Asian Winter Games; for the second suspension in 2015–2017, athletes from Kuwait were also competing in several international competitions under the IOC flag, but this time in the team of Individual Olympic Athletes (IOA), including (but not only) in the 2016 Summer Olympics. |
MIX | Mixed-NOCs | 2010– | Used as the country code for Mixed NOCs at the Youth Olympics. [14] [15] |
OAR | Olympic Athletes from Russia | 2018 | Used for Olympic Athletes from Russia competing as neutral athletes due to the state-sponsored doping scandal. [16] |
ROC | ROC from the abbreviation for Russian Olympic Committee | 2020–2022 | Used for Russian Olympic Committee athletes at the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2022 Winter Olympics following the sanctions due to the state-sponsored doping scandal. [17] [18] The delegation used a flag depicting the logo of the Russian Olympic Committee. |
XXB | Mixed team | 1896–1904 | Used in the IOC's medal database to identify medals won by mixed teams of athletes from multiple nations (such as the combination of France and Great Britain), a situation that happened several times in the Games of 1896, 1900, and 1904. Until 2021, the IOC used the code ZZX for mixed teams. [5] [19] [b] In 2021, the code was changed to MIX, matching the code for mixed teams at the Youth Olympics. [20] In 2024, the code was changed to XXB. [21] |
Code | Nation/Team | Years | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
IPP | Independent Paralympic Participants | 1992 | Used for Independent Paralympic Participants at the 1992 Summer Paralympics as a designation used for athletes from FR Yugoslavia and Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia who could not compete as a team due to United Nations sanctions. |
IPA | Individual Paralympic Athletes |
| De facto independent East Timor was not yet recognised as a sovereign state, and did not have a recognised National Paralympic Committee. Two athletes from the country gained the opportunity to in the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, but they competed officially as Individual Paralympic Athletes, rather than as representatives of an NPC. |
IPA | Independent Paralympic Athletes |
| A team consisting of refugee and asylee Paralympic athletes competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro as Independent Paralympic Athletes. |
NPA | Neutral Paralympic Athletes |
| Used in 2018 for Russian athletes competing as neutral athletes due to the state-sponsored doping scandal. Was to be used in 2022 for Russian athletes competing as neutral athletes due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, [22] however the Russian athletes were ultimately banned before the start of the 2022 Games. Used again in the 2024 Summer Paralympics for both Russian and Belarusian athletes. In 2024, the designation was banned from using the Paralympic flag and instead used a white flag with black letters displaying "NPA" (but still used the Paralympic Anthem). [23] |
PNA | Paralympic Neutral Athletes | – | Was to be used for Belarusian athletes competing as neutral athletes due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, [22] however the Belarusian athletes were ultimately banned before the start of the 2022 Winter Paralympics and the code was not used. |
RPC | RPC from the abbreviation for Russian Paralympic Committee |
| Used for Russian Paralympic Committee athletes at the 2020 Summer Paralympics following the sanctions due to the state-sponsored doping scandal. The delegation used a flag with an altered emblem of the Russian Paralympic Committee (the original emblem being banned due to containing the flag of Russia). Was to be used in 2022 as well, however the Russian athletes were ultimately banned due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. |
RPT | Refugee Paralympic Team |
| The team represents the estimated 82 million people around the world who are refugees, and the 12 million of which have disabilities per UNHCR estimate. |
The World Games are a multi-sport event comprising sports and sporting disciplines that are not contested in the Olympic Games. The World Games are governed by the International World Games Association, under the patronage of the International Olympic Committee.
Code | Nation/Team | Years | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
HNL [24] | Haudenosaunee | 2022 | The Haudenosaunee (also known as the Iroquois), who invented the sport of lacrosse and which has spiritual significance to them, were initially denied a spot to compete at the 2022 World Games, despite the Haudenosaunee national team's placement at the 2018 World Lacrosse Championship, due to not having a recognized NOC and issues concerning other countries recognizing sovereignty; they were given a spot to compete after Ireland agreed to drop out of competition in a show of solidarity. [25] [26] [27] |
The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXI Olympiad, were a summer multi-sport event held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, from July 17 to August 1, 1976. A total of 6,084 athletes from 92 countries represented by National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in these Games, competing in 198 events in 23 sports.
Athletes from Belarus began their Olympic participation at the 1952 Summer Games in Helsinki, Finland, as part of the Soviet Union. After the Soviet Union disbanded in 1991, Belarus, along with four of the other fourteen former Soviet republics, competed in the 1992 Winter Olympics as the Unified Team. Later in 1992, Belarus joined eleven republics to compete as the Unified Team at the Summer Games in Barcelona, Spain. Two years later, Belarus competed for the first time as an independent nation in the 1994 Winter Olympics, held in Lillehammer, Norway.
Ten cities submitted bids to host the 2008 Summer Olympics and Paralympics that were recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), five of which made the IOC Executive Committee's shortlist. The games were awarded to Beijing, China on July 13, 2001. The other shortlisted cities were Toronto, Paris, Istanbul and Osaka. Beijing won an absolute majority of votes after two rounds of voting, eliminating the need for subsequent rounds of voting. IOC delegates and the media identified a number of factors in its favor, including the size of the country, improvements in Chinese anti-doping enforcement, and its close loss to Sydney, Australia eight years earlier. In that bidding process, which chose the host city for the 2000 Summer Olympics, Beijing led every round of voting but lost in the final round to Sydney by two votes.
National Olympic Committees that wish to host an Olympic Games select cities within their territories to put forth bids for the Olympic Games. The staging of the Paralympic Games is automatically included in the bid. Since the creation of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894, which successfully appropriated the name of the Ancient Greek Olympics to create a modern sporting event, interested cities have rivaled for selection as host of the Summer or Winter Olympic Games. 51 different cities have been chosen to host the modern Olympics: three in Eastern Europe, five in East Asia, one in South America, three in Oceania, nine in North America and all the others in Western Europe. No Central American, African, Central Asian, Middle Eastern, South Asian, or Southeast Asian city has ever been chosen to host an Olympics.
The all-time medal table for all Olympic Games from 1896 to 2024, including Summer Olympic Games, Winter Olympic Games, and a combined total of both, is tabulated below. These Olympic medal counts do not include the 1906 Intercalated Games which are no longer recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as official Games. The IOC itself does not publish all-time tables, and publishes unofficial tables only per single Games. This table was thus compiled by adding up single entries from the IOC database.
The Chinese Olympic Committee is the National Olympic Committee of China. It is headquartered in Dongcheng, Beijing, China.
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), competes as "Chinese Taipei" (TPE) at the Olympic Games since 1984. Athletes compete under the Chinese Taipei Olympic flag instead of the flag of the Republic of China; for any medal ceremony, the National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China is played instead of the National Anthem of the Republic of China.
The former State Union of Serbia and Montenegro was represented at the Olympic Games on six occasions between 1996 and 2006, when the union was dissolved and Montenegro and Serbia each declared full independence.
The People's Republic of China (PRC) sent a delegation to the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.
The Olympic Games ceremonies of the ancient Olympic Games were an integral part of the games; modern Olympic Games have opening, closing, and medal ceremonies. Some of the elements of the modern ceremonies date back to the ancient games from which the modern Olympics draw their ancestry. An example of this is the prominence of Greece in both the opening and closing ceremonies. During the 2004 Summer Olympics, the medal winners received a crown of olive branches, which was a direct reference to the ancient games, in which the victor's prize was an olive wreath. The various elements of ceremonies are mandated by the Olympic Charter, and cannot be changed by the host nation. Host nations are required to seek the approval of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for ceremony elements, including the artistic portions of the opening and closing ceremonies.
The Olympic Committee of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is the National Olympic Committee (NOC) representing North Korea.
Gerardus "Gerard" Lautenschutz was a Dutch sailor who represented his country at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Naples. Lautenschutz, as crew on the Dutch Flying Dutchman Daisy (H102), took the 5th place with helmsman Ben Verhagen. After 5 races Lautenschutz needed to go home due to family circumstances. The last two races were crewed by Jaap Helder. Lautenschutz was born in Amsterdam.
Jacob "Jaap" Helder is a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Naples. After the 5th race Gerard Lautenschutz, who was crewing on the Dutch Flying Dutchman Daisy (H102), needed to go home due to family circumstances. Helder with helmsman Ben Verhagen crewed the last three races. The team took 5th place.
Dirk "Dick" Wayboer is a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Enoshima. Wayboer, as crew on the Dutch Dragon took the 13th place with helmsman Wim van Duyl, fellow crew member Henny Scholtz and Jan Jongkind.
Hans Boudewijn Binkhorst was a Dutch sailor who represented his country at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Acapulco. Binkhorst, on the Dutch Finn, took the 19th place. Since in 1980 The Netherlands did boycott the Moscow Olympic Games Binkhorst in the Star represented his National Olympic Committee under the Dutch NOC flag. With crew member Kobus Vandenberg. They took 6th place. The last Olympic appearance of Binkhorst was during the 1984 Olympics again in the Star and this time with crew Willem van Walt Meijer. They took 8th place.
Cornelis "Cor" Groot was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Acapulco. Groot, as helmsman on the Dutch Dragon, took 10th place with crew members Jan Bol and Pieter de Zwart. Groot was also the substitute helmsmen for the 1964 Dutch Dragon.
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