| Olympic Games |
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| Main topics |
| Games |
This article includes lists of all Olympic medalists since 1896, organized by each Olympic sport or discipline, and also by Olympiad.
| Olympic Games |
|---|
| |
| Main topics |
| Games |
This article includes lists of all Olympic medalists since 1896, organized by each Olympic sport or discipline, and also by Olympiad.
| Discipline (link to medalists list) | Contested | Number of | Medals awarded | Athlete(s) with the most medals (gold-silver-bronze) | Athlete(s) with the most gold medals | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Olympics (up to 2022) | Medal events (in 2022) |  |  |  | Total | ||||
 Alpine skiing | Since 1936 | 19 | 11 | 167 | 168 | 165 | 500 |  Kjetil André Aamodt (NOR) (4–2–2) | Kjetil André Aamodt (NOR) (4–2–2) Janica Kostelić (CRO) (4–2–0) |
 Biathlon | 1924 [A] , Since 1960 | 16 | 11 | 97 | 97 | 96 | 190 | Ole Einar Bjørndalen (NOR) (8–4–1) | Ole Einar Bjørndalen (NOR) (8–4–1) |
 Bobsleigh | 1924–1956; since 1964 | 21 | 4 | 44 | 46 | 47 | 137 |  Bogdan Musioł (GDR) (1–5–1) |  Kevin Kuske (GER) (4–2–0) André Lange (GER) (4–1–0) Francesco Friedrich (GER) (4–0–0) Thorsten Margis (GER) (4–0–0) |
 Cross-country skiing | Since 1924 | 22 | 12 | 134 | 132 | 133 | 399 | Marit Bjørgen (NOR) (8–4–3) | Marit Bjørgen (NOR) (8–4–3) Bjørn Dæhlie (NOR) (8–4–0) |
 Curling | 1924; since 1998 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 21 |  Oskar Eriksson (SWE) (1–1–2) | Anna Le Moine (SWE) (2–0–0) Cathrine Lindahl (SWE) (2–0–0) Eva Lund (SWE) (2–0–0) Anette Norberg (SWE) (2–0–0) John Morris (CAN) (2–0–0) Kaitlyn Lawes (CAN) (2–0–0) |
 Figure skating | Summer: 1908; 1920 Winter: since 1924 [B] | 24 | 5 | 77 | 75 | 76 | 228 | Scott Moir (CAN) (3–2–0) Tessa Virtue (CAN) (3–2–0) | Scott Moir (CAN) (3–2–0) Tessa Virtue (CAN) (3–2–0) Gillis Grafström (SWE) (3–1–0) Sonja Henie (NOR) (3–0–0) Irina Rodnina (URS) (3–0–0) |
 Freestyle skiing | Since 1992 | 7 | 10 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 54 |  Ailing Eileen Gu (CHN) (2–1–0) David Wise (USA) (2–1–0) Mikaël Kingsbury (CAN) (1–2–0) Xu Mengtao (CHN) (1–2–0) Mathilde Gremaud (SUI) (1–1–1) Kari Traa (NOR) (1–1–1) Nick Goepper (USA) (0–2–1) Jia Zongyang (CHN) (0–2–1) | Ailing Eileen Gu (CHN) (2–1–0) David Wise (USA) (2–1–0) Alexandre Bilodeau (CAN) (2–0–0) |
 Ice hockey | Summer: 1920 Winter: since 1924 [C] | 23 | 2 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 72 | Jayna Hefford (CAN) (4–1–0) Hayley Wickenheiser (CAN) (4–1–0) | Jayna Hefford (CAN) (4–1–0) Hayley Wickenheiser (CAN) (4–1–0) Caroline Ouellette (CAN) (4–0–0) |
 Luge | Since 1964 | 14 | 4 | 37 | 35 | 36 | 108 | Natalie Geisenberger (GER) (6–0–1) | Natalie Geisenberger (GER) (6–0–1) Tobias Arlt (GER) (6–0–0) Tobias Wendl (GER) (6–0–0) |
 Nordic combined | Since 1924 | 22 | 3 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 120 |  Felix Gottwald (AUT) (3–1–3) |  Samppa Lajunen (FIN) (3–2–0) Felix Gottwald (AUT) (3–1–3) Eric Frenzel (GER) (3–1–2) Ulrich Wehling (GDR) (3–0–0) |
 Short track speed skating | Since 1992 | 7 | 8 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 96 |  Arianna Fontana (ITA) (2–4–5) |  Viktor Ahn (RUS) / Ahn Hyun-soo (KOR) (6–0–2) |
 Skeleton | 1924; 1948; Since 2002 | 6 | 2 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 42 |  Lizzy Yarnold (GBR) (2–0–0) Martins Dukurs (LAT) (0–2–0) John Heaton (USA) (0–2–0) Gregor Stähli (SUI) (0–0–2) | Lizzy Yarnold (GBR) (2–0–0) |
 Ski jumping | Since 1924 | 22 | 4 | 53 | 54 | 52 | 159 | Matti Nykänen (FIN) (4–1–0) | Matti Nykänen (FIN) (4–1–0) Simon Ammann (SUI) (4–0–0) |
 Snowboarding | Since 1998 | 5 | 10 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 103 | Shaun White (USA) (3–0–0) Jamie Anderson (USA) (2–1–0) Lindsey Jacobellis (USA) (2–1–0) Vic Wild (RUS) (2–0–1) Ayumu Hirano (JPN) (1–2–0) Benjamin Karl (AUT) (1–1–1) Max Parrot (CAN) (1–1–1) Zoi Sadowski-Synnott (NZL) (1–1–1) Kelly Clark (USA) (1–0–2) Žan Košir (SLO) (0–1–2) Mark McMorris (CAN) (0–0–3) | Shaun White (USA) (3–0–0) |
 Speed skating | Since 1924 | 22 | 12 | 152 | 155 | 148 | 455 |  Ireen Wüst (NED) (6–5–1) | Ireen Wüst (NED) (6–5–1) Lidiya Skoblikova (URS) (6–0–0) |
^ A. Including military patrol event at 1924 Games, which IOC now refers to biathlon.
^ B. Figure skating was held at the 1908 and 1920 Summer Olympic games prior to the establishment of the Winter Olympics. 21 medals (seven of each color) were awarded in seven events.
^ C. A men's ice hockey tournament was held at the 1920 Summer Olympics, and then added as a Winter Olympics event. Three medals were awarded.
| Discipline | Contested | Number of Olympics | Medals awarded | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | Total | |||
 Basque pelota | 1900 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Cricket | 1900, 2028 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
 Croquet | 1900 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
 Jeu de paume | 1908 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
 Karate | 2020 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 16 | 32 |
 Lacrosse | 1904–1908, 2028 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
 Polo | 1900; 1908; 1920; 1924; 1936 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 16 |
 Rackets | 1908 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
 Roque | 1904 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
 Tug of war | 1900–1920 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 13 |
 Water motorsports | 1908 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
^ D. The IOC overview web page for the 1900 Olympic Games gives a figure of 96 events, [1] while the IOC database for the 1900 Olympic Games lists 95.
^ E. The IOC overview web page for the 1904 Olympic Games gives a figure of 95 events; [2] the IOC database for the 1904 Olympic Games also lists 95.
^ F. The IOC overview web page for the 1920 Olympic Games gives a figure of 156 events; [3] the IOC database for the 1920 Olympic Games also lists 156.
^ G. Due to Australian quarantine laws, 6 equestrian events were held in Stockholm several months before the rest of the 1956 Games in Melbourne.
^ H. The IOC overview web page for the 1956 Olympic Games gives a figure of 151 events; [4] (145 events in Melbourne and 6 equestrian events in Stockholm).
| Title | Age | Medalist | Details | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Freestyle skiing | ||||
| Youngest freestyle skiing medalist | 18 years 158 days | Ailing Eileen Gu | ||
| Youngest freestyle skiing gold medalist | 18 years 158 days | Ailing Eileen Gu | ||
| Youngest female freestyle skiing medalist | 18 years 158 days | Ailing Eileen Gu | ||
| Youngest female freestyle skiing gold medalist | 18 years 158 days | Ailing Eileen Gu | At the 2022 Winter Olympics, Ailing Eileen Gu became the youngest freestyle skiing gold medalist. In the women's big air, she finished the first with an astonishing score, 188.25. | |
| Biathlon | ||||
| Oldest biathlon medalist | 40 | Ole Einar Bjørndalen | [5] | |
| Oldest biathlon gold medalist | 40 | Ole Einar Bjørndalen | [5] | |
| Oldest male biathlon medalist | 40 | Ole Einar Bjørndalen | [5] | |
| Oldest male biathlon gold medalist | 40 | Ole Einar Bjørndalen | At 2014 Winter Olympics, Ole Einar Bjørndalen won gold at the 10 km sprint biathlon event, tying the record number of total medals in the Winter Olympics at 12, along with Bjørn Dæhlie, and becoming the oldest Winter Olympics medalist at age 40. | [5] |
| Skeleton | ||||
| Oldest skeleton gold medalist | 39 | Duff Gibson | [6] | |
| Oldest male skeleton gold medalist | 39 | Duff Gibson | At the 2006 Winter Olympics, Duff Gibson became the oldest Winter Games gold medalist by winning gold in skeleton. He has subsequently been eclipsed as the oldest gold medalist at the Winter Games. | [6] |
| Luge | ||||
| Youngest luge gold medalist | 20 | Felix Loch | [7] | |
| Youngest male luge gold medalist | 20 | Felix Loch | At the 2010 Winter Olympics, he became the youngest ever Olympic luge gold medalist. | [7] |
| Cycling | ||||
| Oldest cycling gold medalist | 42 | Kristin Armstrong | At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she became the oldest cycling gold medalist, when she won the women's road time trial race, defending her gold medal from Beijing 2008. She repeated her success at the 2016 Summer Olympics, winning third gold in a row and setting a new record. | [8] |
| Oldest female cycling gold medalist | 42 | Kristin Armstrong | [8] | |
| Athletics | ||||
| Oldest athletics medalist | 48 | Terence Lloyd Johnson | [9] | |
| Oldest athletics gold medalist | 42 | Pat McDonald | [9] | |
| Oldest male athletics medalist | 48 | Terence Lloyd Johnson | At the 1948 Summer Olympics, he won bronze in the men's 50 km walk. | [9] |
| Oldest male athletics gold medalist | 42 | Pat McDonald | At the 1920 Summer Olympics, he won the men's 56 lbs toss. | [9] |
| Oldest female athletics medalist | 40 | Merlene Ottey | At the 2000 Summer Olympics, she won bronze in the women's 100m dash. | [9] |
| Oldest female athletics gold medalist | 39 | Ellina Zvereva | At the 2000 Summer Olympics, she won gold for the discus throw. | [9] |
| Swimming | ||||
| Oldest swimming medalist | 41 | Dara Torres | Torres won silver for the women's 4x100 freestyle team relay as anchor at the 2008 Summer Olympics. | [10] |
| Oldest male swimming medalist | 38 | William Robinson | Robinson won silver for the men's 200m breaststroke at the 1908 Summer Olympics. | [10] |
| Oldest female swimming medalist | 41 | Dara Torres | [10] | |
| Sailing | ||||
| Oldest male sailing gold medalist | 54 | Santiago Lange | Lange won gold for the Nacra 17 at the 2016 Summer Olympics. | [11] |
The Summer Olympic Games, also known as the Games of the Olympiad, and often referred to as the Summer Olympics, is a major international multi-sport event normally held once every four years on leap years. The inaugural Games took place in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and the most recent Games were held in 2021 in Tokyo, Japan. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is responsible for organising the Games and for overseeing the host city's preparations. The tradition of awarding medals began in 1904; in each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals for second place, and bronze medals for third place.
The Winter Olympic Games were created out of the success of the Summer Olympic Games, which are regarded as the largest and most prestigious multi-sport international event in the world.
The Winter Olympic Games is a major international multi-sport event held once every four years for sports practiced on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held in Chamonix, France. The modern Olympic Games were inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from 776 BC to 394 AD. The Baron Pierre de Coubertin of France founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) 1,500 years later in 1894, leading to the first modern Summer Olympic Games in Athens, Greece in 1896. The IOC is the governing body of the Olympic Movement, with the Olympic Charter defining its structure and authority. The original five Winter Olympic Sports were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing, and skating. The Games were held every four years from 1924 to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World War II, and resumed in 1948. Until 1992, the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games were held in the same year. A decision to change this was made in 1986, when during the 91st International Olympic Committee session, IOC members decided to alternate the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games on separate four-year cycles in even-numbered years. Also, at that same congress it was decided that 1992 Winter Olympics would be the last to be held in the same year as the Summer Games and that to change the rotation, the edition that would be held in 1996 would be brought forward by two years, being scheduled to 1994. After this edition, the next one was to be held in 1998 when the 4-year Olympic Cycle resumed.
The 1924 Winter Olympics, officially known as the I Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Chamonix 1924, were a winter multi-sport event which was held in 1924 in Chamonix, France. Originally held in association with the 1924 Summer Olympics, the sports competitions were held at the foot of Mont Blanc in Chamonix, and Haute-Savoie, France between 25 January and 5 February 1924. The Games were organized by the French Olympic Committee, and were originally reckoned as the "International Winter Sports Week." With the success of the event, it was retroactively designated by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as "the first Olympic Winter Games".
The 1928 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the IX Olympiad and commonly known as Amsterdam 1928, was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated from 28 July to 12 August 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The city of Amsterdam had previously bid for the 1920 and 1924 Olympic Games, but was obliged to give way to war-torn Antwerp in Belgium for the 1920 Games and Pierre de Coubertin's Paris for the 1924 Games.
The 1904 Summer Olympics were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 29 August to 3 September 1904, as part of an extended sports program lasting from 1 July to 23 November 1904, located at what is now known as Francis Olympic Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. The 1904 Summer Olympics were the first time the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.
The 1908 Summer Olympics was an international multi-sport event held from 27 April to 31 October 1908, in London, United Kingdom, coinciding with the Franco-British Exhibition.
Three figure skating events were contested at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, but they were held in April 1920, four months before most of the other Olympic events at the 1920 Games. The figure skating competition took place at the Ice Palace of Antwerp.
The all-time medal table for all Olympic Games from 1896 to 2022, including Summer Olympic Games, Winter Olympic Games, and a combined total of both, is tabulated below. These Olympic medal counts do not include the 1906 Intercalated Games which are no longer recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as official Games. The IOC itself does not publish all-time tables, and publishes unofficial tables only per single Games. This table was thus compiled by adding up single entries from the IOC database.
Canada has competed at every Winter Olympic Games, and has won at least one medal each time. By total medals, the country's best performance was in the 2018 Winter Olympic Games where Canadian athletes won 29 medals. Canada set a new record for most gold medals won by a country in a single Winter Olympics with 14 at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada. This achievement surpassed the previous record of 13 gold medals held by the Soviet Union (1976) and Norway (2002). Both Germany and Norway matched the record total of 14 gold medals in Pyeongchang in 2018. This record has since been surpassed by Norway with 16 at the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Snowboarding is a sport at the Winter Olympic Games. It was first included in the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. Snowboarding was one of five new sports or disciplines added to the Winter Olympic program between 1992 and 2002, and was the only one not to have been a previous medal or demonstration event. In 1998, four events, two for men and two for women, were held in two specialities: the giant slalom, a downhill event similar to giant slalom skiing; and the half-pipe, in which competitors perform tricks while going from one side of a semi-circular ditch to the other. Canadian Ross Rebagliati won the men's giant slalom and became the first athlete to win a gold medal in snowboarding. Rebagliati was briefly stripped of his medal by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) after testing positive for marijuana. However, the IOC's decision was reverted following an appeal from the Canadian Olympic Association. For the 2002 Winter Olympics, giant slalom was expanded to add head-to-head racing and was renamed parallel giant slalom. In 2006, a third event, the snowboard cross, was held for the first time. In this event, competitors race against each other down a course with jumps, beams and other obstacles. On July 11, 2011, the International Olympic Committee's Executive Board approved the addition of Ski and Snowboard Slopestyle to the Winter Olympics roster of events, effective in 2014. The decision was announced via press conference from the IOC's meeting in Durban, South Africa. A fifth event, parallel slalom, was added only for 2014. Big air was added for 2018.
The men's individual skating was an event held as part of the figure skating at the 1920 Summer Olympics. It was the second appearance of the event and the sport, which had previously been held in 1908.
The 54-year-old, the oldest sailor competing in Rio, and his compatriot won the Nacra 17 mixed category.
| Summer sports |
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| Winter sports | |
| Discontinued sports | |
| Unofficial sports | |
| Medalists and medal tables | |
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| Multiple medalists | |
| Multiple gold medalists | |
| Appearances in more sports | |
| Other statistics | |
