FIPS state codes were numeric and two-letter alphabetic codes defined in U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard Publication ("FIPS PUB") 5-2 to identify U.S. states and certain other associated areas. The standard superseded FIPS PUB 5-1 on May 28, 1987, and was superseded on September 2, 2008, by ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009. [1]
The codes are used in Geographic Names Information System, overseen by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The codes were assigned by NIST and each uniquely identified a state, the District of Columbia, or an outlying area of the U.S. These codes were used by the U.S. Census Bureau, the Department of Agriculture to form milk-processing plant numbers, some cash registers during check approval, and in the Emergency Alert System (EAS).
The FCC assigned additional numeric codes used with the EAS for territorial waters of the U.S., but these were not part of the FIPS standard.
The FIPS state alpha code for each U.S. states and the District of Columbia are identical to the postal abbreviations by the United States Postal Service. From September 3, 1987, the same was true of the alpha code for each of the outlying areas, with the exception of U.S. Minor Outlying Islands (UM) as the USPS routes mail for these islands indirectly.
Each of the various minor outlying islands that fell within alpha code UM had an individual numeric code, but no individual alpha code.
On September 2, 2008, FIPS 5-2 was one of ten standards withdrawn by NIST as a Federal Information Processing Standard. [2]
The following table enumerates the FIPS state alpha and numeric codes for the states, the District of Columbia, the outlying areas of the United States, the freely associated states, and trust territory, and FIPS state numeric codes for the individual minor outlying island territories.
Only actual U.S. states and the District of Columbia had FIPS state numeric codes in the range 01 through 56.
FIPS PUB 5-1 (published on June 15, 1970, and superseded by FIPS PUB 5-2 on May 28, 1987) stated that certain numeric codes "are reserved for possible future use in identifying American Samoa (03), Canal Zone (07), Guam (14), Puerto Rico (43), and Virgin Islands (52)", but these codes were omitted from FIPS PUB 5-2 without comment. These areas are marked with a * and highlighted in red in the table below. [3]
For states, the "Status" column in the table below includes a link to a list of the counties (boroughs and census areas in Alaska; parishes in Louisiana) for that state including the county codes as defined in FIPS PUB 6-4. The listings of counties for other areas are set out at the end of this article.
Name | Alpha code | Numeric code | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Alabama | AL | 01 | State; counties |
Alaska | AK | 02 | State; boroughs |
American Samoa | AS | 60 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
American Samoa * | 03 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
Arizona | AZ | 04 | State; counties |
Arkansas | AR | 05 | State; counties |
Baker Island | BI | 81 | Minor outlying island territory |
California | CA | 06 | State; counties |
Canal Zone * | 07 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
Colorado | CO | 08 | State; counties |
Connecticut | CT | 09 | State; counties |
Delaware | DE | 10 | State; counties |
District of Columbia | DC | 11 | Federal district [4] |
Florida | FL | 12 | State; counties |
Federated States of Micronesia | FM | 64 | Freely Associated State |
Georgia | GA | 13 | State; counties |
Guam * | 14 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
Guam | GU | 66 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
Hawaii | HI | 15 | State; counties |
Howland Island | HI | 84 | Minor outlying island territory |
Idaho | ID | 16 | State; counties |
Illinois | IL | 17 | State; counties |
Indiana | IN | 18 | State; counties |
Iowa | IA | 19 | State; counties |
Jarvis Island | JI | 86 | Minor outlying island territory |
Johnston Atoll | JA | 67 | Minor outlying island territory |
Kansas | KS | 20 | State; counties |
Kentucky | KY | 21 | State; counties |
Kingman Reef | KR | 89 | Minor outlying island territory |
Louisiana | LA | 22 | State; parishes |
Maine | ME | 23 | State; counties |
Marshall Islands | MH | 68 | Freely Associated State |
Maryland | MD | 24 | State; counties |
Massachusetts | MA | 25 | State; counties |
Michigan | MI | 26 | State; counties |
Midway Islands | MI | 71 | Minor outlying island territory |
Minnesota | MN | 27 | State; counties |
Mississippi | MS | 28 | State; counties |
Missouri | MO | 29 | State; counties |
Montana | MT | 30 | State; counties |
Navassa Island | NI | 76 | Minor outlying island territory |
Nebraska | NE | 31 | State; counties |
Nevada | NV | 32 | State; counties |
New Hampshire | NH | 33 | State; counties |
New Jersey | NJ | 34 | State; counties |
New Mexico | NM | 35 | State; counties |
New York | NY | 36 | State; counties |
North Carolina | NC | 37 | State; counties |
North Dakota | ND | 38 | State; counties |
Northern Mariana Islands | MP | 69 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
Ohio | OH | 39 | State; counties |
Oklahoma | OK | 40 | State; counties |
Oregon | OR | 41 | State; counties |
Palau | PW | 70 | Freely Associated State |
Palmyra Atoll | PA | 95 | Minor outlying island territory |
Pennsylvania | PA | 42 | State; counties |
Puerto Rico * | 43 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
Puerto Rico | PR | 72 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
Rhode Island | RI | 44 | State; counties |
South Carolina | SC | 45 | State; counties |
South Dakota | SD | 46 | State; counties |
Tennessee | TN | 47 | State; counties |
Texas | TX | 48 | State; counties |
U.S. Minor Outlying Islands | UM | 74 | Minor outlying island territories (aggregated) |
Utah | UT | 49 | State; counties |
Vermont | VT | 50 | State; counties |
Virginia | VA | 51 | State; counties |
Virgin Islands of the U.S. * | 52 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
Virgin Islands of the U.S. | VI | 78 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
Wake Island | WI | 79 | Minor outlying island territory |
Washington | WA | 53 | State; counties |
West Virginia | WV | 54 | State; counties |
Wisconsin | WI | 55 | State; counties |
Wyoming | WY | 56 | State; counties |
The Emergency Alert System (EAS) and the weather radio service provided by NOAA use these codes to supplement FIPS PUB 5-2 to include certain maritime areas. [5]
EAS code | Maritime area |
---|---|
57 | Pacific coast from Washington to California |
58 | Alaskan coast |
59 | Hawaiian coast |
61 | American Samoa waters |
65 | Mariana Islands waters (including Guam) |
73 | Atlantic coast from Maine to Virginia |
75 | Atlantic coast from North Carolina to Florida, and the coasts of Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands |
77 | Gulf of Mexico |
91 | Lake Superior |
92 | Lake Michigan |
93 | Lake Huron |
94 | St. Clair River, Detroit River, and Lake St. Clair |
96 | Lake Erie |
97 | Niagara River and Lake Ontario |
98 | St. Lawrence River |
Country codes are short alphabetic or numeric geographical codes (geocodes) developed to represent countries and dependent areas, for use in data processing and communications. Several different systems have been developed to do this. The term country code frequently refers to ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 or international dialing codes, the E.164 country calling codes.
The Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) of the United States are a set of publicly announced standards that the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed for use in computer systems of non-military, American government agencies and contractors. FIPS standards establish requirements for ensuring computer security and interoperability, and are intended for cases in which suitable industry standards do not already exist. Many FIPS specifications are modified versions of standards the technical communities use, such as the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
The United States Minor Outlying Islands is a statistical designation defined by the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 3166-1 code. The entry code is ISO 3166-2:UM. The minor outlying islands and groups of islands consist of eight United States insular areas in the Pacific Ocean and one in the Caribbean Sea.
The Federal Information Processing Standard Publication 6-4 is a five-digit Federal Information Processing Standards code which uniquely identified counties and county equivalents in the United States, certain U.S. possessions, and certain freely associated states.
ISO 3166-2:US is the entry for the United States in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.
The FIPS 10-4 standard, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions, was a list of two-letter country codes that were used by the U.S. Government for geographical data processing in many publications, such as the CIA World Factbook. The standard was also known as DAFIF 0413 ed 7 Amdt. No. 3 and as DIA 65-18.
IDEF0, a compound acronym, is a function modeling methodology for describing manufacturing functions, which offers a functional modeling language for the analysis, development, reengineering and integration of information systems, business processes or software engineering analysis.
The United States Miscellaneous Pacific Islands is an obsolete term used to collectively describe Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Kingman Reef, and Palmyra Atoll, all of them territories in the Pacific Ocean controlled by the United States by way of the Guano Islands Act.
ISO 3166-2:UM is the entry for the United States Minor Outlying Islands in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.
The IBM 4767 PCIe Cryptographic Coprocessor is a hardware security module (HSM) that includes a secure cryptoprocessor implemented on a high-security, tamper resistant, programmable PCIe board. Specialized cryptographic electronics, microprocessor, memory, and random number generator housed within a tamper-responding environment provide a highly secure subsystem in which data processing and cryptography can be performed. Sensitive key material is never exposed outside the physical secure boundary in a clear format.