Tuschinski Theatre

Last updated
Koninklijk Theater Tuschinski
Pathé Tuschinski
Pathe Tuschinski.jpg
Entrance in 2022
Tuschinski Theatre
AddressReguliersbreestraat
26-34
Amsterdam,
Netherlands
Coordinates 52°21′58″N4°53′41″E / 52.36619°N 4.894596°E / 52.36619; 4.894596
Public transit BSicon LOGO GVB.svg GVB Metro: 52
BSicon LOGO GVB.svg GVB Tram: 4, 14, 24
Owner Pathé via Les Cinémas Pathé Gaumont
Type Movie theatre
Capacity 1,431
Construction
Broke groundJune 18, 1919;105 years ago (1919-06-18)
OpenedOctober 28, 1921;102 years ago (1921-10-28)
Renovated1998–2002
2019–2020
Expanded1983
Acquisition of Nöggerath Cinema
Construction costc. ƒ 4,000,000
ArchitectHijman Louis de Jong
Willem Kromhout [1]
Website
pathe.nl/tuschinski

The Koninklijk Theater Tuschinski (English: Royal Theatre Tuschinski) is a movie theatre in Amsterdam, Netherlands, near Rembrandtplein.

Contents

History

The theatre was founded by Abraham Tuschinski, together with his brothers-in-law Hermann Gerschtanowitz and Hermann Ehrlich. Tuschinski at the time already operated four theatres in Rotterdam and wanted to open a theatre in Amsterdam of worldclass. [2] Construction started on 18 June 1919, the theatre was built in Art Deco, Jugendstil and the Amsterdams School style at a cost of circa ƒ 4 million. [3] Tuschinski wanted to open the theatre with the first theatre organ in the Netherlands; unfortunately Wurlitzer couldn't deliver one in time. Determined to open with an organ Tuschinski travelled to Brussels to acquire an existing one from another cinema. [4] On October 28, 1921, the theatre opened its doors for the first time and on the next day Dutch newspaper Het Vaderland wrote: "We declare before us generously that the wildest expectations have been exceeded and that Mr. Tuschinski has donated a theatre to our country, of which are unparalleled." [1]

When it first opened, the theatre contained electro-technical features, then considered revolutionary. Its unique heating and ventilation system kept the temperature even throughout the building. [1]

During the bombing of Rotterdam on 14 May 1940 Tuschinski lost all four of his cinemas in Rotterdam; his family and his four cinemas outside Rotterdam survived. Following the bombing the Nazis occupied the Netherlands and in May 1940 Tuschinski, Ehrlich and Gerschtanowitz were fired by the Nazis from their own company. Tuschinski was taken over by the German film company Tobis Film. As an act of resistance, on the birthday of Queen Wilhelmina a Dutch and British flag were flown from a window of the theatre. Tobis changed the name Tuschinski to the Tivoli on 1 November 1940. [5] [6] During the occupation in July 1941 a fire broke out whereby murals of Pieter den Besten were lost. [7] Tuschinski and Gerschtanowitz were deported to Auschwitz and Ehrlich to Sobibor; all three were murdered by the Nazis in 1942. [1] After the Dutch liberation the name Tuschinski was restored, but only three members of the Tuschinski, Gerschtanowitz and Ehrlich families survived the war. Max Gerschtanowitz inherited Tuschinski. [1] The site was declared a national monument in 1967 due to its distinctive architecture. [8] In 1983 the Nöggerath Cinema, which was located on the same block, was acquired and renamed Tuschinski 3. The entire complex was sold in 1985 to Cannon and again in 1991 to MGM Cinemas. [9]

The French-based Pathé acquired the MGM Cinemas chain in The Netherlands including Tuschinski in 1995. [10] They renovated the cinema from 1998 to 2002 to its original style and a corridor was constructed to Tuschinski 3, giving the complex a total of 6 auditoriums. [11] Leading up to the cinema's centennial in 2021 Pathé renovated the complex yet again. This time auditorium 2 was brought back to their former glory, including the lost murals of Pieter den Besten. The former Nöggerath auditoriums were also given an update and in their foyer Bar Abraham opened. [12] During the centennial Time Out magazine named Tuschinski the most beautiful cinema in the world. [13] On 28 October 2021 Femke Halsema, mayor of Amsterdam, announced that King William-Alexander granted the cinema the royal predicate, renaming the complex to Koninklijk Theater Tuschinski (Royal Theatre Tuschinski). [14]

Abraham Tuschinski
founder Abraham Tuschinski.jpg
Abraham Tuschinski
founder

Architecture

The western facade is flanked by two towers. It is decorated with ceramic sculptures and contains several leadlight windows. The facade blends several architectural styles: Art Deco, Art Nouveau, Jugendstil and the Amsterdam School. [15] [16]

The building contains Asian influences while the lobby was designed in a way to offer theatergoers the feeling that they are stepping into an illusion. The Tuschinski's main auditorium has served as both a movie theater and a live performance space since its opening. In addition to a film screen, it also contains a stage and an organ. [17] [18]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas de Keyser</span> 17th-century Dutch portrait painter

Thomas de Keyser was a Dutch portrait painter and a dealer in Belgium bluestone and stone mason. He was the most in-demand portrait painter in the Netherlands until the 1630s, when Rembrandt eclipsed him in popularity. Rembrandt was influenced by his work, and many of de Keyser's paintings were later falsely attributed to Rembrandt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Movie theaters in the Netherlands</span>

There are 137 movie theaters and 31 arthouse cinemas in the Netherlands, with a total of ca. 675 screens, in addition to 79 small arthouse cinemas and a number of adult movie theaters. The main movie theater chains in the Netherlands are Pathé, VUE and Kinepolis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rotterdam Ahoy</span> Event arena in the Netherlands

Rotterdam Ahoy is a multi-purpose complex with a convention centre and an indoor arena located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Opened originally in 1950, the current complex consists of three main venues: a fairs and events hall, a congress and conference centre, and the main venue the Ahoy Arena. The latter opened on 15 January 1971 and is the largest multi-purpose venue in the Netherlands, with a capacity of 16,426 as of May 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amsterdam Impressionism</span> 19th century Dutch art movement

Amsterdam Impressionism was an art movement in late 19th-century Holland. It is associated especially with George Hendrik Breitner and is also known as the School of Allebé.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abraham Icek Tuschinski</span> Dutch businessman

Abraham Icek Tuschinski was a Dutch businessman of Jewish Polish descent who ordered the construction of the Tuschinski Theater, a famed cinema in Amsterdam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canals of Amsterdam</span> 17th-century canals in the Netherlands; UNESCO World Heritage Site

Amsterdam, capital of the Netherlands, has more than 100 kilometers (62 mi) of grachten (canals), about 90 islands and 1,500 bridges. The three main canals, dug in the 17th century during the Dutch Golden Age, form concentric belts around the city, known as the Grachtengordel. Alongside the main canals are 1550 monumental buildings. The 17th-century canal ring area, including the Prinsengracht, Keizersgracht, Herengracht and Jordaan, were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010, contributing to Amsterdam's fame as the "Venice of the North".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Willy Mullens</span> Dutch producer, director, and promoter of movies

Willy Mullens was a Dutch producer, director, and promoter of movies. He is considered to be one of the early pioneers of Dutch cinema, and one of his movies was recently elected as one of only sixteen "Canonical Dutch movies." With his brother Bernardus Albertus (Albert) he started around the turn of the 20th century one of the earliest Dutch film production companies, Alberts Frères. By the second decade of that century he was making documentary films that premiered for royalty. His second company, Haghefilm, dominated the Dutch film market between the two World Wars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wouter Crabeth II</span> Dutch painter

Wouter Pietersz. Crabeth II was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

<i>Gestoorde hengelaar</i> 1896 film directed by M.H. Laddé and J.W. Merkelbach

Gestoorde hengelaar was the first Dutch fictional film, made by M.H. Laddé in 1896 and was produced by the studio Eerst Nederlandsch Atelier tot het vervaardigen van Films voor de Bioscoop en Cinematograaf van M.H. Laddé en J.W. Merkelbach.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">August Allebé</span> Dutch artist and teacher (1838–1927)

August Allebé was an artist and teacher from the Northern Netherlands. His early paintings were in a romantic style, but in his later work he was an exponent of realism and impressionism. He was a major initiator and promoter of Amsterdam Impressionism, the artist's association St. Lucas, and the movement of the Amsterdamse Joffers. Amsterdam Impressionism – sometimes referred to by art historians as the School of Allebé – was the counterflow to the very strong Hague School in the movement of Dutch Impressionism. As a professor at the Royal Academy of Amsterdam he fostered a cosmopolitan attitude toward art and the promotion and motivation of his students, and provided a significant stimulus to developments in modern art.

Pathé Cinémas is a cinema chain owned by Pathé, with operations in France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, Morocco, and Tunisia. The company is market leader in each country it operates except Belgium, Morocco and Tunisia. Pathé is Europe's second largest cinema chain.

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Amsterdam, Netherlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aan de Amsterdamse grachten</span>

"Aan de Amsterdamse grachten" is a Dutch song by Pieter Goemans. It was written in 1949 but not recorded until 1956, and many times more since then. It is one of the standard songs celebrating the city of Amsterdam, and one of the best-known and most popular songs in the Netherlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jordanus Roodenburgh</span> Dutch architect

Jordanus (Daan) Roodenburgh was a Dutch urban-architect and former General director of AFC Ajax.

<i>Sensei Redenshon</i> 2013 CW film

Sensei Redenshon is a 2013 action drama-martial arts film produced by Alejandra Sanchez Gruber and directed by independent Curaçaoan filmmaker German Gruber, Jr.

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Haarlem, Netherlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Louis de Vries</span> Musical artist

Levie "Louis" de Vries was a Dutch jazz trumpeter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exhibition of Living Masters</span>

The Exhibition of Living Masters was the name given to a series of exhibitions of contemporary art, held in various cities in the Netherlands, from 1808 to 1917.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pieter Stadnitski</span> Dutch financier

Pieter Stadnitski was a Dutch broker and financier who invested in the United States, including federal and state debt, canal companies, and land speculation, especially the Holland Land Company. He was the first to bring speculative American bonds - issued by the Congress to finance the American War of Independence - to the Amsterdam market in 1787. Stadnitski was co-founder in 1789 and from 1793 head of a small group of Amsterdam trading houses that bought land in the states of New York and Pennsylvania on a large scale. His role was considered significant by Thomas Jefferson.

The following is an alphabetical list of articles related to Amsterdam. Amsterdam is the capital city of the Netherlands.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Theater Tuschinski. EYE Film Institute Netherlands. RetrievedMarch 3, 2021.
  2. "Abraham Icek Tuschinski". joodsamsterdam (in Dutch). Retrieved 2021-11-01.
  3. Anton van Elburg, Dennis Römer: 75 jaar Tuschinski Theater. Publish, Amsterdam 1996, ISBN   90-803009-1-8
  4. Het Tuschinski orgel. Nederlandse Orgel Federatie. Retrieved2021-02-27.
  5. André Waardenburg. "Tuschinski's Amsterdamse theater bleef als enige overeind - en is nu het mooiste ter wereld". NRC (in Dutch). Retrieved 2021-11-07.
  6. "Tuschinski begon en verloor zijn imperium in havenstad Rotterdam" (in Dutch). Network of War Collections . Retrieved 2021-11-07.
  7. De grandeur van 1920 is terug in bioscoop Tuschinski. Het Parool, 9 oktober 2019. Retrieved2021-03-03.
  8. Monumentnummer: 4828. Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgeod. Retrieved2021-03-05.
  9. Heersink, Felix (2021). Abraham Tuschinski's laatste reis : historische roman (Eerste druk ed.). Maassluis: Uitgeverij de Brouwerij. ISBN   978-90-831145-5-2. OCLC   1276811223.
  10. "MGM-bioscopen gaan verder als Pathe Cinemas". de Volkskrant (in Dutch). 1995-10-05. Retrieved 2021-11-01.
  11. Jessica Maria Goossens: Tuschinski, droom, legende en werkelijkheid. De geschiedenis van het theater. BZZTôH, Den Haag 2002, ISBN   90-5501-967-4
  12. Ekker, Jan Pieter (2019-10-09). "De grandeur van 1920 is terug in bioscoop Tuschinski". Het Parool (in Dutch). Retrieved 2021-11-01.
  13. Tuschinski Amsterdam uitgeroepen tot mooiste bioscoop ter wereld. NOS, 25 February 2021. Retrieved2021-02-27.
  14. "100-jarige Amsterdamse bioscoop Tuschinski is vanaf nu koninklijk",  NOS, 28 October 2021. Retrieved2021-10-28.
  15. M. M. Bakker, F. M. van de Poll: Architectuur en stedebouw in Amsterdam 1850–1940. Waanders, Zwolle ca. 1992, ISBN   90-6630-308-5
  16. Theater tuschinski in Amsterdam. Rijksmonumenten.nl. Retrieved2021-02-27.
  17. Bram Rutgers: Theater Tuschinski, restauratie van een droom. Terra, Lanno 2003, ISBN   90-5897-086-8
  18. Bob Logger, Xandra Knebel u. a. (Red.): Theaters in Nederland sinds de zeventiende eeuw. Theater Instituut Nederland, Amsterdam 2007, ISBN   978-90-77204-37-5, S. 133–134