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Amphibious cargo ships were U.S. Navy ships designed specifically to carry troops, heavy equipment and supplies in support of amphibious assaults, and to provide naval gunfire support during those assaults. A total of 108 of these ships were built between 1943 and 1945—which worked out to an average of one ship every eight days. Six additional AKAs, featuring new and improved designs, were built in later years. They were originally called Attack Cargo Ships and designated AKA. In 1969, they were renamed as Amphibious Cargo Ships and redesignated LKA.
USS Xenia (AKA-51) wa an Artemis-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1946. She was then sold to Chile, where she served as Presidente Errazuriz until 1966.
USS Vermilion (AKA-107/LKA-107), was a Tolland-class attack cargo ship of the United States Navy, named after a parish in southern Louisiana and a county in eastern Illinois. She served as a commissioned ship for 25 years and 9 months.
USS Rankin (AKA-103/LKA-103) was a Tolland-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1947 and again from 1952 to 1971. She was finally sunk as an artificial reef in 1988.
Type C2 ships were designed by the United States Maritime Commission (MARCOM) in 1937–38. They were all-purpose cargo ships with five holds, and U.S. shipyards built 328 of them from 1939 to 1945. Compared to ships built before 1939, the C2s were remarkable for their speed and fuel economy. Their design speed was 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h), but some could make 19 knots (35 km/h) on occasion. The first C2s were 459 feet (140 m) long, 63 feet (19 m) broad, and 40 feet (12 m) deep, with a 25-foot (8 m) draft. Later ships varied somewhat in size. Some, intended for specific trade routes, were built with significant modifications in length and capacity.
USS Ottawa (AKA-101) was a Tolland-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1947. She was sold into commercial service and was lost in 1951.
Attack transport is a United States Navy ship classification for a variant of ocean-going troopship adapted to transporting invasion forces ashore. Unlike standard troopships – often drafted from the merchant fleet – that rely on either a quay or tenders, attack transports carry their own fleet of landing craft, such as the landing craft, vehicle, personnel (LCVP) or Higgins boat.
USS Oglethorpe (AKA-100) was an Andromeda-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1968. She was scrapped in 1969.
USS Rolette (AKA-99) was an Andromeda-class attack cargo ship named after a county in North Dakota.
USS Sirona (AKA-43) was an Artemis-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1946. She was scrapped in 1966.
USS Muliphen (AKA-61/LKA-61) was an Andromeda-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1944 to 1970. She was sunk as an artificial reef in 1989.
USS Zenobia (AKA-52) was an Artemis-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1946. She was then sold to Chile, where she served as Presidente Pinto (AKA-41) until 1966. She was scrapped in 1974.
USS Tabora (AKA-45) was an Artemis-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1946. She was scrapped in 1965.
USS Sidonia (AKA-42) was an Artemis-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1946. She was scrapped in 1964.
USS Scania (AKA-40) was an Artemis-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1947. She was scrapped in 1965.
USS Sarita (AKA-39) was an Artemis-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1947. She was scrapped in 1966.
USS Sappho (AKA-38) was an Artemis-class attack cargo ship in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1946. She was scrapped in 1965.
USS Circe (AKA-25) was an Artemis-class attack cargo ship named after the asteroid 34 Circe, which in turn was named after Circe, a goddess or sorceress in Greek mythology. USS Circe served as a commissioned ship for 18 months.
The Arcturus-class attack cargo ships were converted from other ship types by Sun Shipbuilding & Drydock Co. in Chester, Pennsylvania, Tampa Shipbuilding Co. in Tampa, Florida, and Federal Shipbuilding & Drydock Co. in Kearny, New Jersey during World War II.
USS LST-178 was a LST-1-class tank landing ship in the United States Navy during World War II. She was later transferred to the Royal Navy and renamed HMS LST-178. In 1946, she was again handed over to the Egyptian Navy to be renamed ENSAka.
References
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships .The entry can be found here.
